<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marija Gaurina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jerneja Pavlin</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TEACHERS’ KNOWLEDGE AND BELIEFS ABOUT GAMIFICATION IN PHYSICS CLASSROOMS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">gamification knowledge</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mixed-method design</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">physics teachers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">STEM education</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2023/987-1746292940.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">24</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gamification has been gaining attention in STEM education for its potential to enhance student engagement and learning outcomes. Teachers’ acceptance and effective use of gamification depend on their knowledge and beliefs about its implementation. This study employs a mixed-method design to explore Croatian physics teachers’ knowledge and beliefs about gamification. In the first phase, semi-structured interviews were conducted with five primary and five secondary school teachers. Insights from these interviews informed the development of an online questionnaire in Google Docs. The final questionnaire consisted of three parts: demographic information (including an open-ended question defining gamification), 16 Likert-type items measuring knowledge and beliefs, and three open-ended questions on key elements, technological tools, and challenges in applying gamification in physics classrooms. In the second phase, quantitative data were collected from 230 primary and secondary school physics teachers, providing a robust sample to examine variations in knowledge and beliefs about gamification. Findings reveal that most teachers possess basic knowledge and hold positive beliefs regarding gamification, although significant differences emerge based on age, teaching experience, and school type. These results underscore the need for tailored professional development programs. The study emphasizes the importance of designing support strategies that accommodate diverse teacher profiles.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">255-270</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Katarina Susman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jerneja Pavlin</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IMPROVEMENTS IN TEACHERS' KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING OF BASIC ASTRONOMY CONCEPTS THROUGH DIDACTIC GAMES</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">astronomy education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">didactic games</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">in-service primary school teachers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moon phases</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2020/987-1606573063.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Literature review shows that many primary school teachers have poor understanding of basic astronomy contents. Therefore, the aim of the study was to introduce specific astronomical content to in-service primary school teachers through two didactic games, to evaluate the didactic games and the teachers’ knowledge and understanding before and after the implementation of the didactic games. The research included 24 in-service primary school teachers. The data were collected through the knowledge test (pre-post design) and questionnaires for each didactic game. The results showed that the teachers evaluated the didactic games as suitable for use in the classroom as they emphasized that they are educational, explicit and interesting. The implementation was identified as effective because the median for fractional gains was 0.54 and showed the medium gain in teachers’ knowledge and understanding of selected astronomy contents. It was recognized that in-service primary school teachers do not feel competent for introducing complex astronomical contents to their students. However, the presented approach could encourage in-service primary school teachers to deepen their knowledge and to teach astronomy contents with a method that is closer to their students. University teachers could point out the advantages and disadvantages of didactic games in astronomy content and discuss them with pre-service primary school teachers.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1020-1033</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Miha Slapničar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iztok Devetak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saša A. Glažar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jerneja Pavlin</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IDENTIFICATION OF THE UNDERSTANDING OF THE STATES OF MATTER OF WATER AND AIR AMONG SLOVENIAN STUDENTS AGED 12, 14 AND 16 YEARS THROUGH SOLVING AUTHENTIC TASKS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">authentic tasks</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">macroscopic level</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">misunderstanding of pressure</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">states of matter</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">submicroscopic level</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/987-1497963826.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">E-ISSN 2538-7138</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The aim of the research was to identify how Slovenian primary and secondary school students of various age groups explain the particulate nature of the states of matter of water and air. The qualitative research included five 12, 14, and 16 year old students. A semi-structured interview including four computer-displayed tasks was used for the data collection. The research results show that all of the students correctly identified the states of matter of water at the particulate level, but not of air. It was found that the students had difficulty justifying their selection. The study confirmed the existence of: (a) misunderstanding regarding the interpretation of the particulate nature of matter, (b) a failure to distinguish between particle and matter, and (c) the inadequate description of submicroscopic level of matter with macroscopic level concept. The survey results provide an insight into the mindset of students and serve as a starting point for teachers’ lesson planning.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">308-323</style></section></record></records></xml>