@article {689,
	title = {FOURTEEN-YEAR-OLD STUDENTS{\textquoteright} MISCONCEPTIONS REGARDING THE SUB-MICRO AND SYMBOLIC LEVELS OF SPECIFIC CHEMICAL CONCEPTS},
	journal = {Journal of Baltic Science Education},
	volume = {17},
	year = {2018},
	month = {August/2018},
	pages = {Continuous},
	type = {Original article},
	chapter = {620-632},
	abstract = {Learning and presenting chemical concepts at the triple level of chemical concepts provides opportunities for the development of misconceptions. The research aimed to identify potential misconceptions of chemical concepts: the states of matter, a pure substance, a mixture, an element, a compound, a physical change, and a chemical reaction at the sub-micro level when solving problems incorporating sub-microrepresentations. A total of 188 14-year old students, attending six different primary schools, participated in the research. A chemistry achievement test comprising five problems at the macroscopic, sub-micro, and symbolic levels was used to obtain data about students{\textquoteright} misconceptions of selected concepts. The results showed that the majority of students had formed inadequate mental models (misconceptions) for the chemical concept of the liquid state of water (66.5\%). The lowest level of misconceptions is related with the gaseous state of matter, because almost all students (98.5\%) solved the problem correctly. It can be concluded that the results of the research are significant for chemistry teachers because they can: select and apply adequate educational strategies to avoid the deepening or development of misconceptions and make the courses practically oriented by analysing students{\textquoteright} misconceptions and develop teaching strategies to minimise these problems in the chemistry classroom.},
	keywords = {chemical concepts, misconceptions, primary school, sub-micro level, symbolic level},
	issn = {1648-3898},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.33225/jbse/18.17.620},
	url = {http://oaji.net/articles/2017/987-1533708866.pdf},
	author = {Miha Slapni{\v c}ar and Valerija Tompa and Sa{\v s}a A. Gla{\v z}ar and Iztok Devetak}
}
