@article {1151, title = {THE DIFFICULTIES OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN SOLVING HIGHER-ORDER THINKING SKILLS PROBLEMS}, journal = {Problems of Education in the 21st Century}, volume = {76}, year = {2018}, month = {August/2018}, pages = {Continuous}, type = {Original article}, chapter = {520-532}, abstract = {International surveys, such as TIMSS and PISA, frequently put Indonesia in the low ranks. It is an indication that the higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) of students in Indonesia are still low. This research aims to analyze students{\textquoteright} difficulties in solving problems that measure HOTS. This is a case study research with a qualitative approach. Participants studied were 93 high school students in grade XI. Data were collected using test instruments that measure HOTS, which was developed based on the standard contents of high school mathematics. The difficulties were analyzed descriptively by observing students{\textquoteright} errors in answering HOTS test items. Students{\textquoteright} errors were classified based on Newman{\textquoteright}s Error Procedure (NEP). The result shows that around 8.33\% of the students had difficulties in comprehension, 15.59\% in transformation, 32.53\% in process skills, and 1.34 \% in encoding. }, keywords = {case study, HOTS problem in mathematics, Newman{\textquoteright}s error procedure, students{\textquoteright} difficulties}, issn = {1822-7864}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.33225/pec/18.76.520}, url = {http://oaji.net/articles/2017/457-1533495738.pdf}, author = {Samsul Hadi and Heri Retnawati and Sudji Munadi and Ezi Apino and Nidya F. Wulandari} } @article {1181, title = {IMPACT OF CHARACTER EDUCATION IMPLEMENTATION: A GOAL-FREE EVALUATION}, journal = {Problems of Education in the 21st Century}, volume = {76}, year = {2018}, month = {December/2018}, pages = {Continuous}, type = {Original article}, chapter = {881-899}, abstract = {Many studies reported the importance of character education for students to support their future success. Currently, the countries have strengthened the implementation of character education in their educational system, including Indonesia. Related to the previous statements, this research aimed to describe the impact of character education implementation as well as challenges and strategies of teachers in implementing the character education. This research was an evaluation research type using a goal-free evaluation model (impact evaluation) with a qualitative approach. The participants of the research were principals, teachers, students, parents, and community members from three provinces in Indonesia; East Kalimantan, Special Region of Yogyakarta, and West Nusa Tenggara. Data were collected through Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and also in-depth interviews. The data were then analysed using a model of Bogdan and Biklen to find out the refinement among themes and generate a detailed understanding. The findings showed that character education had a positive impact on increasing the students{\textquoteright} character values including religiosity, personality, social attitude, and competitive attitude. Role-modelling by teachers and other members of the school community and parents, character-oriented activities, and moral and material support from educational stakeholders are key factors in character education implementation. However, some improvements need to be made, such as improving the teacher training and workshops and giving financial support (funding) for character education implementation. }, keywords = {character education, character value, goal-free evaluation, impact evaluation}, issn = {1822-7864}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.33225/pec/18.76.881}, url = {http://oaji.net/articles/2017/457-1545497975.pdf}, author = {Zurqoni and Heri Retnawati and Ezi Apino and Rizqa D. Anazifa} } @article {1121, title = {TEACHERS{\textquoteright} KNOWLEDGE ABOUT HIGHER-ORDER THINKING SKILLS AND ITS LEARNING STRATEGY}, journal = {Problems of Education in the 21st Century}, volume = {76}, year = {2018}, month = {April/2018}, pages = {Continuous}, type = {Original article}, chapter = {215-230}, abstract = {Higher order thinking skill (HOTS) is one of the students{\textquoteright} abilities that should be developed through teaching and learning. Teachers{\textquoteright} knowledge about HOTS and its teaching and learning tactics is a key to successful education. The purpose of this research is to describe teachers{\textquoteright} knowledge about higher order thinking skills (HOTS). The research involves qualitative study with the phenomenological approach. The research participants are 27 mathematics teachers from state and private junior high schools across 7 provinces in Indonesia. The researcher collected data with a test followed by focus group discussion (FGD) and interviews. The analysis of data involved Bogdan \& Biklen model and descriptive statistics for data from the test. The analysis of FGD, and test data intends to get information on 6 sub-themes; teachers{\textquoteright} knowledge about HOTS, importance of HOTS, teaching about HOTS to students, improving students{\textquoteright} HOTS, measuring and assessing HOTS, and teachers{\textquoteright} ability for solving HOTS-based problems. The results indicate that teachers{\textquoteright} knowledge about HOTS, their ability to improve students{\textquoteright} HOTS, solve HOTS-based problems, and measure students{\textquoteright} HOTS is still low. There are facts, however, that teachers already understand the importance of HOTS and teaching it by using various innovative learning models. }, keywords = {HOTS, measurement and assessment, teachers{\textquoteright} knowledge, teaching and learning}, issn = {1822-7864}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.33225/pec/18.76.215}, url = {http://oaji.net/articles/2017/457-1524597598.pdf}, author = {Heri Retnawati and Hasan Djidu and Kartianom and Ezi Apino and Risqa D. Anazifa} } @article {1098, title = {IMPLEMENTING THE COMPUTER-BASED NATIONAL EXAMINATION IN INDONESIAN SCHOOLS: THE CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES}, journal = {Problems of Education in the 21st Century}, volume = {75}, year = {2017}, month = {December/2017}, pages = {Continuous}, type = {Original article}, chapter = {612-633}, abstract = {In line with technological development, the computer-based national examination (CBNE) has become an urgent matter as its implementation faces various challenges, especially in developing countries. Strategies in implementing CBNE are thus needed to face the challenges. The aim of this research was to analyse the challenges and strategies of Indonesian schools in implementing CBNE. This research was qualitative phenomenological in nature. The data were collected through a questionnaire and a focus group discussion. The research participants were teachers who were test supervisors and technicians at junior high schools and senior high schools (i.e. Level 1 and 2) and vocational high schools implementing CBNE in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The data were analysed using the Bogdan and Biklen model. The results indicate that (1) in implementing CBNE, the schools should initially make efforts to provide the electronic equipment supporting it; (2) the implementation of CBNE is challenged by problems concerning the Internet and the electricity supply; (3) the test supervisors have to learn their duties by themselves and (4) the students are not yet familiar with the beneficial use of information technology. To deal with such challenges, the schools employed strategies by making efforts to provide the standard electronic equipment through collaboration with the students{\textquoteright} parents and improving the curriculum content by adding information technology as a school subject. }, keywords = {challenges in implementing CBNE, computer-based national examination, strategies for implementing CBNE}, issn = {1822-7864}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.33225/pec/17.75.612}, url = {http://oaji.net/articles/2017/457-1513710818.pdf}, author = {Heri Retnawati and Samsul Hadi and Ariadie C. Nugraha and Janu Arlinwibowo and Eny Sulistyaningsih and Hasan Djidu and Ezi Apino and Heni D. Iryanti} }