@article {1303,
	title = {GENDER DIFFERENCES FAVOURING FEMALES IN LEARNING STRATEGIES IN MATHEMATICS},
	journal = {Problems of Education in the 21st Century},
	volume = {78},
	year = {2020},
	month = {August/2020},
	pages = {Continuous},
	type = {Original article},
	chapter = {595-611},
	abstract = {Most universities teach mathematics in the first year and the complexity of the subject demands also different levels of mathematics. Although students understand the reason why they need to learn mathematics, there are more than half of students struggling during the math classes. It is also interesting to compare male and female students{\textquoteleft} study habits and differences. The aim of this research is to report first-year Estonian university students{\textquoteright} views on mathematics by gender. The quantitative data were collected from 440 university students of different disciplines. The participants completed the LIST questionnaire what measures several aspects of learning strategies of mathematics conducted by factor analysis of 69 questions in 4-point Likert scale. In this research, in two of nine factors, females hold a more positive view of learning strategies than did male students. This research indicates which learning strategies in mathematics are preferred by males and females. Factors Organizing and Repeating were the factors in which we found statistically significant gender difference. Females showed more powerful organizing skills and had better repeating strategies than males. Females try to order the subject matter in a way that makes it easy for them to remember, they go over their notes and structure the most important points more than males. In all the other factors, statistical differences were found only in some questions.},
	keywords = {Learning Strategies, LIST-questionnaire, mathematics education, mathematics related effect, university mathematics},
	issn = {1822-7864},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.33225/pec/20.78.595},
	url = {http://oaji.net/articles/2020/457-1596902655.pdf},
	author = {Indrek Kaldo and Kandela {\~O}un}
}
@article {1214,
	title = {DEVELOPING OF FACTOR STRUCTURE FOR LEARNING STRATEGIES OF ESTONIAN STUDENTS IN MATHEMATICS AT THE UNIVERSITY LEVEL},
	journal = {Problems of Education in the 21st Century},
	volume = {77},
	year = {2019},
	month = {June/2019},
	pages = {Continuous},
	type = {Original article},
	chapter = {338-348},
	abstract = {This research reports learning strategies of the first-year Estonian university students in mathematics. The data were collected during two years from 440 university students of different disciplines. The respondents were among students who take at least one compulsory mathematics course during their first study year. The participants filled out a Likert-type questionnaire that was developed using previously published instruments. The aim of this research was to examine the 69-item LIST questionnaire first time for Estonian university students. By means of an exploratory factor analysis, 9 factors out of 12 were confirmed. The research confirmed most of the components identified in earlier studies. It validates the use of the instrument in further studies of learning strategies at the university level in Estonia. This gives a positive signal about the usefulness of the instrument, as the component structure remains stable in different populations.},
	keywords = {Learning Strategies, LIST questionnaire, mathematics education, mathematics related affect, university mathematics},
	issn = {1822-7864},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.33225/pec/19.77.338},
	url = {http://oaji.net/articles/2019/457-1561381933.pdf},
	author = {Indrek Kaldo and Kandela {\~O}un}
}
