<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yajun Wei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xiaotong Chen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yi Zhong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guangyi Liu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mengjun Wang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feipeng Pi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Changhong Li</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RECORDED VIDEO VERSUS NARRATED ANIMATION IN TEACHING PHYSICS PROBLEM-SOLVING: THE INFLUENCE OF PROBLEM DIFFICULTY LEVEL</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">educational video</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">physics problem-solving</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">secondary education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">teaching/learning strategies</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2023/987-1719378023.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">23</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Numerous studies compared the effectiveness of various formats of video-based teaching, yet their focus has primarily been on relatively straightforward content, such as concepts and basic procedures. Research on the effectiveness of teaching complex content through different formats of videos remains limited. This study addresses this gap by conducting a well-controlled comparison between recorded video and narrated animation in the context of teaching physics problem-solving, a challenging content area with easily measurable difficulty levels.
The study employed a controlled experimental design with a sample of 361 upper secondary school students who had been randomly assigned to seven classes within a selected secondary school by the school administrator. Data were collected using pre- and post-test assessments that measured students' problem-solving performance after video-based teaching. 
The results indicated that the effectiveness of recorded videos featuring the teacher's face was not significantly different from that of narrated animations that did not include the teacher's face, irrespective of the content's difficulty level. These findings provide valuable insights for educators in selecting appropriate teaching formats for teaching challenging content through video-based education. They contribute to our understanding of teaching strategies and have practical implications for educators seeking to optimise teaching approaches in similar contexts.
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">570-587</style></section></record></records></xml>