<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ibrahim Erdogan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ayse Ciftci</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mustafa Sami Topcu</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EXAMINATION OF THE QUESTIONS USED IN SCIENCE LESSONS AND ARGUMENTATION LEVELS OF STUDENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">argumentation level</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">middle school students</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">science lessons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">teachers and students’ questions</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/987-1513971319.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In this research the argumentation levels of the 5th, 6th and 7th grade students and the questions of the teachers and students were examined. The sample group of the research was selected according to the homogeneous sampling method. This research is a descriptive research. The data were collected by using a voice recorder. The data of this research were evaluated according to the descriptive analysis approach. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the students used Level 1 argumentation which has the lowest quality more frequently in comparison with the higher ones and used the claim component more than other arguments and did not use the backing, qualifier, and rebuttal components. Furthermore, it was found that the questioning rates of the teachers were higher in comparison with the students and the questions of the teachers and students were usually at the levels of remembering and understanding. One of the factors that caused the argumentation level of the students to be low may have been that the teachers asked questions which were oriented to remembering. Therefore, the high level questions that ensure the initiation and continuation of the argumentation process should be inquired in the lessons.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">980-993</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naki Erdemir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mustafa Sami Topcu</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE IMPACT OF PRESENTATION GRAPHICS ON PRESERVICE SCIENCE TEACHERS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS PHYSICS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">attitudes towards physics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">presentation graphics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preservice Science Teachers</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/987-1419167504.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In this study, the effects of presentation graphics on Preservice Science Teachers’ (PST) attitudes towards physics were investigated. The research was performed on two groups. While one group was an experimental group, another was a control group. The research was conducted in the context of an undergraduate-level physics course, and this course was taught to two groups. While the experimental group consisted of forty PST and was taught with presentation graphics as well as traditional lecturing method, the control group consisted of forty PST and was only taught with traditional lecturing method. The data were collected by means of a scale of attitudes towards physics. In light of the findings of the present research, it was concluded that the attitudes of the experimental group towards physics were much more improved positively than the control groups’ attitude toward physics after the treatment involving presentation graphics.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">141-152 </style></section></record></records></xml>