<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Albert Andry E. Panergayo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lydia S. Roleda</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EFFECTS OF ENGINEERING DESIGN-BASED STEM APPROACH ON STUDENTS' CONCEPTUAL UNDERSTANDING, ENGINEERING DESIGN PERFORMANCE, AND SCIENTIFIC CREATIVITY</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conceptual Understanding</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">engineering design performance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">engineering design process</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">scientific creativity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">STEM education</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://journals.indexcopernicus.com/search/article?articleId=4713345</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">24</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Filipino students demonstrated low scientific creativity as revealed by international assessments, prompting the urgent need for an effective educational approach to address this learning gap. In view of this, the present study examined the effect of integrating Engineering Design Process on STEM instruction (STEM-EDP) on students’ conceptual understanding, engineering design performance, and scientific creativity. The study further identified the learning affordances and constraints encountered by the students during the implementation of STEM-EDP. Using educational action research with Plan-Do-Study-Act model, the study validated and implemented STEM-EDP lessons to a purposive sample of 108 students. Results show that the students’ conceptual understanding, engineering design self-assessment, and scientific creativity significantly improved and demonstrated large effect sizes as indicated by Wilcoxon signed-rank test and effect size r. The thematic analysis highlighted the learning affordance (exploration of creative solutions, iterative problem-solving, reflection from learning experiences, and systematic procedure) and the constraints (time management in using EDP, learning references and resources, and background on the problem). Recommendations for the next action research cycles were also discussed.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1208-1220</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siew, N. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Henry Goh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fauziah Sulaiman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">INTEGRATING STEM IN AN ENGINEERING DESIGN PROCESS: THE LEARNING EXPERIENCE OF RURAL SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN AN OUTREACH CHALLENGE PROGRAM</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">engineering design process</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">higher order thinking</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">outreach challenge program</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rural schools</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">STEM</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2016/987-1482423958.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This research was conducted to evaluate the learning experience of Grade Ten students from two Malaysian rural secondary schools that adopted the integration of STEM in an Engineering Design Process (STEM-EDP) approach vis-á-vis an outreach challenge program. A total of 89 students undertook a ten hour program which engaged them in designing and building three different prototypes as well as answering higher order thinking questions. Data on students’ learning experience were captured through participants’ responses to a six-point Likert scale questionnaire, teachers’ field notes, and open-ended questions. The questionnaire result reveals statistically significant gains in knowledge or skills about, attitudes toward, and practices on STEM. The STEM-EDP outreach challenge program brought awareness to rural school students of their potential as problem solvers, thinkers, creators, and collaborators. Students were able to simultaneously broaden their boundaries in knowledge and competency even though they experienced difficulties in tackling challenges associated with STEM activities. Findings suggested that the STEM-EDP approach can be applied as a means for fostering creativity, problem solving skills, and thinking skills among rural secondary school students.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">477–493</style></section></record></records></xml>