<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juwon Kim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Youlgi Kim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yoonseul Park</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yuyeong Son</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sungman Lim</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EDUCATIONAL PRIORITIES FOR ENHANCING ELEMENTARY SCHOOL PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS' SCIENCE LESSON ENACTMENT COMPETENCE AFTER THE TEACHING PRACTICUM</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">needs analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-service teachers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">science education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">science lesson enactment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">teaching practicum</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2026</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2026</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://journals.indexcopernicus.com/search/article?articleId=4913736</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">25</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A persistent gap exists between university-based theoretical preparation and pre-service teachers' ability to enact science lessons in real classrooms. This study examined elementary school pre-service teachers' needs regarding science lesson enactment competence after the teaching practicum and identified priority areas for educational support. A questionnaire was developed from a literature review and interviews with pre-service teachers. The instrument consisted of two domains, eight subdomains, and 32 items. Data were collected from 100 pre-service teachers, and perceived importance and self-rated current performance were measured for each item. The data were analysed using paired-samples t-tests, the Borich needs assessment formula, and the Locus for Focus model. The results showed a statistically significant gap between perceived importance and self-rated current performance across all subdomains. Although participants regarded this competence as highly important, they rated their current performance substantially lower. Understanding learners, foundational knowledge, and facilitating inquiry and thinking were identified as the highest-priority areas, whereas educational materials preparation and lesson design showed lower relative priority. These findings indicate where teacher education programmes should provide stronger support after the practicum.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">507-521</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Halime Yerli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Derya Girgin</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PERCEPTIONS OF STREAM AND SELF-EFFICACY IN ENGINEERING DESIGN SKILLS AMONG PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS: SCALE ADAPTATION, VALIDITY-RELIABILITY, AND RELATIONAL EVIDENCE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">engineering design self-efficacy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">measurement invariance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-service teachers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">scale adaptation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">STREAM education</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2026</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August / 2026</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2026/987-1789235195.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">25</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">As interdisciplinary and design-based learning approaches gain importance in teacher education, there is an increasing need for valid and reliable instruments to evaluate pre-service teachers’ perceptions of STREAM education and related competencies. This study examined the psychometric properties of the Turkish adaptation of the STREAM Perception and Implementation Challenges Scale for Pre-Service Teachers (STREAM-PICS) and its relationship with engineering design self-efficacy. A methodological and relational survey design was employed with 498 pre-service teachers in Türkiye. The adaptation process included translation, expert review, back-translation, and pilot-testing. Confirmatory factor analysis using the DWLS estimation method was performed due to the ordinal data structure and violation of multivariate normality assumptions; four items with low factor loadings and high error variances were removed. The final 26-item model confirmed a three-factor structure: perceptions of STREAM implementation, STREAM disciplines, and implementation challenges. Reliability analyses showed acceptable Cronbach's alpha, McDonald’s omega, and composite reliability for all sub-dimensions. Correlation analyses revealed positive relationships between the first two STREAM dimensions and engineering design self-efficacy, whereas the implementation challenges dimension showed weak relationships. Significant differences were found by department, whereas no significant differences emerged by grade level.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">631-649</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juyoung Lee</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS' PERCEPTIONS OF AI ETHICS AND ETHICAL DILEMMAS IN SCIENCE CLASSROOM CONTEXTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AI ethics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ethical dilemma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-service teachers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">science education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">teacher preparation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2026</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August / 2026</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2026/987-1789235349.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">25</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pre-service teachers are increasingly responsible for guiding students through AI-related ethical challenges in science classrooms, yet little is known about how they perceive these challenges. In this study, 165 pre-service teachers completed a 19-item perception scale spanning five AI ethics domains and an engagement measure, and responded to eight open-ended dilemma scenarios set in science classrooms. Participants showed strong agreement on non-maleficence (M = 4.57) and privacy protection (M = 4.51) but lower and more varied responses on accountability (M = 3.73) and fairness (M = 3.94). Female participants scored significantly higher than male participants in overall perception, while no differences were found by major field or AI coursework experience. Scenario responses revealed that ethical concerns shifted depending on teaching context: learning integrity dominated in student assignment scenarios, verification responsibility in teacher use scenarios, and privacy-public interest tension in social application scenarios. Across scenarios, proposed solutions remained largely at the level of general prescriptions, such as ethics education and prior consent procedures, with few implementation-ready alternatives.  These results point to the need for scenario-embedded AI ethics education within science teacher preparation programs.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">667-680</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hyojeong Hwang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jun-Ki Lee</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">JUDGING INVASIVENESS UNDER SCIENTIFIC UNCERTAINTY: VALUE ORIENTATIONS AND REASONING PATTERNS OF PRE-SERVICE BIOLOGY TEACHERS ON THE GOLDEN APPLE SNAIL</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">decision making</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">invasive species</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-service teachers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">scientific uncertainty</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">value orientation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October/2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://journals.indexcopernicus.com/search/article?articleId=4659913</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">24</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In the Anthropocene era, science educators must equip students to reason through uncertainty and navigate value-laden environmental dilemmas. This study aimed to examine how pre-service biology teachers make value-based decisions when facing scientific uncertainty, using the case of the golden apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata) and its designation as an invasive species. Drawing on the framework of post-normal science and environmental ethics, a scenario-based mixed-methods survey was conducted with 191 participants across five universities in South Korea. Quantitative results showed that 69.1% of respondents supported the designation, typically adopting ecocentric and precautionary perspectives, while 30.9% opposed it, citing anthropocentric pragmatism and techno-optimism. Qualitative analysis revealed confirmation bias and temporal framing patterns, with participants selectively interpreting evidence in ways consistent with their prior value orientations. These findings highlighted the importance of fostering uncertainty literacy, critical thinking, and ethical reasoning in science teacher education. The study offers international relevance by addressing how future educators construct environmental judgments under uncertainty, with implications for curriculum design across diverse socio-ecological contexts.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">894-904</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leonard Molefe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aubin, J.-B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A NEXUS OF SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATIONS, SCIENCE PROCESS SKILLS, AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS: PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS’ VIEWS CONCERNING MANGROVES FIELDWORK</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-service teachers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">science process skills</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">scientific inquiry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">scientific investigations</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sustainable development goals</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August/2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2023/987-1693508121.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Initial teacher education should mould well-rounded teachers proficient in scientific investigations, and advocate sustainability amid global ecosystems’ degradation. The research sought to explore pre-service science teachers’ views concerning scientific investigations and sustainable development goals, and synergy between skills and different aspects of scientific inquiry within the context of the mangroves ecosystem studied. A four-part questionnaire was administered to 82 students registered for a Bachelor of Education degree. It included items on teachers’ confidence in planning and conducting scientific investigations, types of scientific investigations, sustainable development goals, science process skills and the different aspects of scientific inquiry. Statistical analysis of the data showed the importance of a constructivist approach, learner engagement and discerning and controlling variables when investigating scientific phenomena. However, only a fair number of teachers could correctly provide the scientific investigation they conducted during the mangroves study, the sustainable development goals embedded in it, and the synergy between science process skills and the aspects of scientific inquiry. The findings have implications for teacher education in terms of potential challenges in teachers’ understanding of scientific investigations, the synergy between them and sustainability, and science process skills that meld with the aspects of scientific inquiry.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">682-700</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Umit Izgi-Onbasili</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aysegul Avsar-Tuncay</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Burcu Sezginsoy-Seker</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seyit Ahmet Kiray</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AN EXAMINATION OF PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS’ EXPERIENCES IN CREATING A SCIENTIFIC DIGITAL STORY IN THE CONTEXT OF THEIR SELF CONFIDENCE IN TECHNOLOGICAL PEDAGOGICAL CONTENT KNOWLEDGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mixed method</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-service teachers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">scientific digital story</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">technological pedagogical content knowledge</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2022/987-1652122314.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Digital stories are a form of expression that emerges by combining the art of storytelling with multimedia tools such as sound, picture, and video. In this research, examining the experiences of pre-service teachers in creating digital stories in accordance with the science curriculum and the effects of this process on the pre-service teachers’ self-confidence in technological pedagogical content knowledge was aimed. This research, using a mixed model approach, was conducted with 24 fourth-grade pre-service teachers. In the study, the “Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge Confidence Scale” (TPACK) was applied as a pre-test and post-test. The quantitative findings of the study revealed that the experiences of pre-service teachers in creating a scientific digital story increased statistically significantly in the TK dimension of the TPACK scale and in the TPACK total self-confidence scores. The qualitative findings of the research showed that it had a positive effect on TCK, TPK, and TPCK dimensions, as well as on the TK and total score of TPACK. In the light of these findings of the research, the use of digital stories in educational environments can be recommended since the use of digital stories in educational environments is effective in developing students' TPACK self-confidence perceptions.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">207-223</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pedro D. Cadena-Nogales</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joan J. Solaz-Portolés</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yolanda Echegoyen-Sanz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vicente Sanjosé-López</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LEVEL OF ACCEPTANCE OF EPISTEMICALLY UNWARRANTED BELIEFS IN PRE-SERVICE PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS: INFLUENCE OF COGNITIVE STYLE, ACADEMIC LEVEL AND GENDER</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cognitive style</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">epistemically unwarranted beliefs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">gender influence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">knowledge level</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-service teachers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">primary education</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2022/987-1656443578.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">One of the main objectives of scientific literacy is the development of rational skills and critical thinking in citizens. This is a central goal for teachers. However, beliefs that lack rational foundation and supporting evidence, named “epistemically unwarranted beliefs” (EUB), spread rapidly among the population. If teachers had some of these EUB, their work could be compromised. The aim of this research was to determine the level of acceptance of different EUB in Spanish pre-service primary school teachers and to analyze the influence of their cognitive style, gender, and academic level. Two hundred and fifty undergraduate students of Bachelor’s Degree in Primary Education participated in this study. Two questionnaires were used to collect data. ANOVA, ANCOVA, correlations, and linear regression analysis were used to quantify that influence. Results showed high levels of acceptance of some EUB in future teachers, with significant influences of gender and academic level, and a mediating role of cognitive styles. Experiential and rational cognitive styles, and academic level were significant predictors of EUB, being experiential thinking the most powerful one. Thus, pre-service teacher education should have an epistemological vigilance on future teachers’ scientific literacy and increase the presence of rational style among teachers.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">398-407</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ayhan Bulut</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdullatif Kaban</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ömer Bilen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PRE-SERVICE SCIENCE AND COMPUTER TEACHERS’ VIEWS ON TEACHING PRACTICE COURSES</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">computer teaching</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-service teachers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">science teaching</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">teaching practice course</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2022/987-1652122087.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Teaching Practice course taught in Education Faculties gives pre-service teachers real experience before starting the profession. This study aims to examine the teaching practice courses in the undergraduate programs of education faculties by the views of pre-service science and computer teachers. 50 4th grade students, 25 from the science education department and 25 from the computer and instructional technology education department, participated in the study. Within the scope of the study, the data were collected through online interviews of approximately 30 minutes with the participants, and content analysis was made. According to the findings, pre-service teachers believe that teaching practice courses are insufficient to ensure active participation in lessons in terms of learning gains and content and that they lack a flexible structure that allows them to participate in classes at various grade levels. They also stated that the teaching practice course includes result-oriented measurement and evaluation activities. However, they underlined that the semesters and credits allocated to undergraduate teaching practice courses are insufficient. Furthermore, throughout the process, pre-service teachers reported some communication and coordination issues in the teaching practice course. They suggested that every university with an education faculty should open practice schools that include all levels of compulsory education to overcome the challenges encountered during the process. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">179-191</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zeynep Yıldız</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SCIENCE TEACHING SELF-EFFICACY BELIEFS OF PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS: CONTEXT OF TECHNOLOGICAL PEDAGOGICAL CONTENT KNOWLEDGE AND VISUAL METAPHORS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-service teachers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">primary school</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">science teaching</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">self-efficacy visual metaphors</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2022/987-1671187800.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">It is of great importance to examine the level of science teaching self-efficacy (SE), which is related to technological developments in primary school teacher education. It is seen that this subject is not addressed in the context of technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPCK) and visual metaphors. The purpose of this research was to examine the pre-service primary school teachers' SE beliefs related to science teaching in terms of the TPCK levels and visual metaphors they created related to science teaching. For this purpose, qualitative and quantitative methods were used in the research. The research sample consisted of 75 pre-service primary school teachers. A metaphorical perception form, a science SE scale, and a TPCK scale were applied as data collection tools. It was found that the majority of pre-service teachers in science teaching had moderate and high SE and technological pedagogical content. It was also found that pre-service teachers' science teaching SE levels were related to the sub-dimension levels of the TPCK. When the visual metaphors created by the pre-service teachers were associated with quantitative data, it was seen that as the SE level of the pre-service teachers increased, visual metaphors gained a quality from general to specific. It was also concluded that the metaphors of the pre-service teachers with high SE levels were formed in more detail and accurately, and the conceptual errors were reduced.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">989-1003</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stanislav Avsec</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferk Savec, V.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PREDICTIVE MODELLING OF PRE-SERVICE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY TEACHERS’ INNOVATIVE BEHAVIOUR</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">innovative behaviour</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-service teachers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">predictive modelling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Science and technology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/987-1616865598.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Science and technology (S&amp;T) plays a central role in today’s knowledge- and technology-based society. The transfer of S&amp;T from the education system to the economy should be promoted by teachers using innovative behaviour as an important aspect of providing high-quality education. Several studies have found that a mismatch exists between the economy and the education sector, and that this can be gradually reduced by innovation in the education system. This research aimed to examine the innovative behaviour of pre-service S&amp;T teachers. A sample of 140 pre-service teachers from the University of Ljubljana, Slovenia was selected, and a set of instruments was used to measure their innovative behaviour in classrooms during the 2019–2020 academic year. A model was created and evaluated using multiple regression analysis. The results showed that self-efficacy and attitudes towards S&amp;T strongly predict innovative behaviour, while situational interest may vary depending on the cognitive demands of tasks. A proactive personality was found to be a key factor determining innovative behaviour, while self-efficacy has direct and indirect influences on innovative behaviour, with its indirect influence mediated by creativity and situational interest. These findings have implications for the redefinition of educational design to enhance innovation in the classroom. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">171-183</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leonard Molefe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aubin, J.-B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS’ VIEWS ABOUT ECOSYSTEM-BASED FIELDWORK IN TERMS OF THE NATURE OF ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION, INVESTIGATIONS, SKILLS AND PROCESSES</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">environmental education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">fieldwork</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-service teachers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">science process skills</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">scientific investigations</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">stepwise scientific process</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/987-1629707518.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Today science teachers are expected to understand the nature of environmental education, and be competent in skills, methods, and procedures relevant to a science discipline. The purpose of this research was to explore pre-service science teachers’ views with regard to environmental education, investigation conducted during a freshwater ecosystem studied, skills developed and the associated stepwise scientific process. Data were collected through a five-item questionnaire that included the characteristics of environmental education, types of scientific investigations, science process skills and the scientific process. 94 students that registered for a Bachelor of Education degree participated in this research. The results from statistical analysis of the teachers’ responses showed the importance of lifelong learning, involvement of community in environmental education and development of critical and problem-solving skills. However, most teachers could not provide correct scientific investigation they conducted during the freshwater study. Although there were no correlations between the investigation, science process skills and the associated scientific process, influence of the stepwise scientific process recommended in the science curriculum was evident in the teachers’ linking of form a hypothesis to observation. The findings imply that teachers face potential challenges in understanding of scientific investigations and the scientific process.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">622-638</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mafor Penn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lydia Mavuru</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ASSESSING PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS’ RECEPTION AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS VIRTUAL LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS IN LIFE SCIENCES</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">inquiry-based learning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">life sciences</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-service teachers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">virtual laboratory experiments</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/987-1613414595.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This research reports the assessment of pre-service teachers’ reception and attitudes towards virtual laboratory experiments in Life Sciences with the aim of advancing adaptability to digital learning. Using sequential mixed-methods in a quasi-experimental design, 68 pre-service teachers in the 3rd year of a Bachelor of Education (B.Ed) program were surveyed before and after virtual learning interventions. This phase was followed by qualitative data gathering using focus group interviews with all participants.  Findings from quantitative data analysis revealed a positive significant difference in pre-service teachers’ attitudes towards virtual laboratory experiments post learning interventions.  From qualitative data pre-service teachers found the progression from using only traditional to including virtual experiments was useful in enhancing their conceptual understandings of Life Sciences concepts, convenience, inquiry-based learning, self-directed and autonomous learning. However, pre-service teachers noted that using virtual laboratories did not significantly develop their science process skills and as a result could not replace the experiences in a traditional biology laboratory. The implications of these findings project virtual laboratories as a supporting tool for experimentation in Life Sciences especially within and post the COVID-19 pandemic where issues of social distancing pose a threat to collaborative and inquiry-based science learning. Recommendations from these findings are discussed herein. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6A</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1092-1105</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khanyisile Brenda Nhlengethwa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nadaraj Govender</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Doras Sibanda</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FINAL-YEAR PRE-SERVICE PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS’ UNDERSTANDING OF INQUIRY-BASED-SCIENCE TEACHING</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IBST understanding</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">inquiry-based science teaching</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-service teachers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">primary school</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">scenario-based questionnaire</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2020/987-1591087928.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teachers’ accurate understanding of Inquiry-Based Science Teaching (IBST) is crucial for the proper enactment of this pedagogical approach. In this research, a qualitative case study design was used to explore and interpret pre-service teachers’ understanding of IBST at the conclusion of their three-year primary diploma at a university in Swaziland. Data were collected using a semi-structured teaching scenario-based questionnaire in conjunction with individual semi-structured interviews. Thirty-four participants completed the questionnaire and eight of them were subsequently interviewed. The data were analyzed using a conceptual framework of IBST that outlines two dimensions of IBST; namely the cognitive and guidance dimensions. The results show that in the cognitive dimension, participants focused mainly on the procedural domain. With regard to the guidance dimension, they associated the pedagogical approach more with teacher-directed than learner-directed learning activities. This paper recommends that in training pre-service primary school teachers, teacher educators must broaden their focus from procedural aspects of IBST to include all its aspects; thereby developing their pre-service teachers’ holistic and deep experiences of IBST.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">454-466</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ali Ihsan Benzer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bunyamin Yildiz</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE EFFECT OF COMPUTER-AIDED 3D MODELING ACTIVITIES ON PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS’ SPATIAL ABILITIES AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS 3D MODELING</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3D modeling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3D modeling attitude</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3D modeling education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-service teachers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">spatial ability</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2019/987-1559372061.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The computer-aided 3D modelling which is one of the innovative technologies can offer great opportunities to improve students' skills. The aim of this research was to examine the effects of computer-aided 3D modeling activities on pre-service teachers’ spatial abilities and attitudes towards 3D modeling and the relevant course. The study group of the research was composed of 55 pre-service IT teachers at a state university in Turkey. The research was carried out in quasi-experimental design based on pre-post test model. The experimental research was carried out with the experimental group for 14 weeks. During the 3D modeling learning/teaching process, a five-stage education framework based on problem-based and project-based learning approaches was used. &quot;Purdue Visualization of Rotations Test&quot; and &quot;Attitude Scale towards 3D Modeling and 3D Modeling Course&quot; were used as data collection tools in the research. As a result, it was found out that computer-aided 3D modeling activities improved the spatial abilities of pre-service teachers also increased their attitudes towards 3D modeling and the course. It was concluded that the education of computer-aided three-dimensional modeling offers important opportunities to improve spatial abilities.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">335-348</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Billy A. Danday</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sheryl Lyn C. Monterola</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EFFECTS OF MICROTEACHING MULTIPLE-REPRESENTATION PHYSICS LESSON STUDY ON PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS’ CRITICAL THINKING</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Critical thinking</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lesson study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">multiple representations</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">physics education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-service teachers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">science education</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2019/987-1571127016.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A research on the effects of the microteaching Multiple-Representation Lesson Study (MRLS) on pre-service Physics teachers’ critical thinking was conducted using a pre-test-post-test quasi-experimental design. Eighteen fourth year Bachelor of Secondary Education-Physical Science majors participated in the research. The experimental group employed the microteaching MRLS while the control group implemented the Traditional Instructional Planning Approach (TIPA). Data were gathered from multiple sources such as researcher-made written tests, interviews, diaries, and field notes. The Mann-Whitney U test was utilized to ascertain statistical difference between the experimental and the control group. Results revealed significant differences in the scores between the two groups in the overall critical thinking and on its sub-domains. Findings indicate beneficial effects of the microteaching MRLS in developing pre-service teachers’ critical thinking. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">692-707</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elizabeth Darko Agyei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thuthukile Jita</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loyiso C. Jita</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EXAMINING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SIMULATION-BASED LESSONS IN IMPROVING THE TEACHING OF HIGH SCHOOL PHYSICS: GHANAIAN PRE SERVICE TEACHERS’ EXPERIENCES</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">high school physics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ICT</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">interactive teaching</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-service teachers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">simulation-based lessons</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2019/987-1576224886.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teacher-dominated approach is still the most adopted teaching strategy in Ghanaian high schools despite the Government of Ghana’s initiatives to support technology-oriented, learner-centred and interactive teaching practices. This study examined the effectiveness of simulation-based lessons in improving the teaching of high school physics by adapting the five dimensions for meaningful learning with information and communication technology model by Howland, Jonassen and Marra (2012) as a theoretical lens. Using an explanatory case study design, eight pre-service physics teachers from the University of Cape Coast, Ghana were engaged to develop and design simulation-based physics lessons in design teams and enact these lessons among themselves in microteaching sessions. Results showed that the simulation-based lessons were effective in that the pre-service teachers’ teaching practices improved to be learner-centred and interactive. The results also suggested that although a combination of all the dimensions of meaningful learning was key to the effectiveness observed with each of the simulation-based lessons, the Cooperative dimension was found to possess a unique potential for sustaining the other dimensions in order to facilitate improvements in the teaching of physics with simulations.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">816-832</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alghamdi, A. K. H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sun Young Kim</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE IMPACT OF A SCIENCE METHODS COURSE ON FEMALE PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS’ BELIEFS WITHIN A SAUDI-ARABIAN CONTEXT</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-service teachers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">science teachers’ beliefs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">self-efficacy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">teachers in Saudi Arabia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">teaching strategy</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2019/987-1550082669.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This research examines the impact of a science methods course on the beliefs of female pre-service teachers (PSTs) in Saudi Arabia. Forty-seven female PSTs enrolled in a diploma of education programme at Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (IAU) took a 16-week science methods course aimed at promoting their beliefs about their own self-efficacy, science teaching strategies, and science content knowledge (SCK). The PSTs completed a 30-item questionnaire on science teaching beliefs (five- point Likert Scale) both before and after taking the course. Data analysis revealed that the PSTs’ beliefs regarding their own self-efficacy changed after the course (statistically significant t=2.792, p 0.01) with scores indicating increased beliefs. Although increases were also observed for beliefs regarding science teaching methods and strategies and science content knowledge, they were very slight and not statistically significant. Overall, mean scores fell within the ‘neither agree nor disagree’ category for all three themes, ranging from 2.98 to 3.24. As one of the first studies in Saudi Arabia on PSTs’ science teaching beliefs, this research filled a gap in the existing literature. Grounded in the moderate scores for all three themes, recommendations for future science education course design are tendered as are suggestions for future research.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19-38</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">António Almeida</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">García Fernández, B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Orlando Stretch-Ribeiro</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN AND PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS’ KNOWLEDGE OF IBERIAN NATIVE AND AFRICAN SAVANNAH MAMMALS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">native fauna</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-service teachers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">primary school children</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">savannah mammals</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2019/987-1576224962.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The present research compared the knowledge of primary school children and pre-service primary teachers about various native mammals of the Iberian Peninsula (IP-Portugal and Spain) and the African Savannah. For this purpose, a questionnaire was administered to 420 children and 215 pre-service teachers from these countries asking for the identification of animals through photos and whether they had native status on the IP. The pre-service teachers performed better than the children. The Savannah animals were better identified than those of the IP. The results were similar in both countries, even though the Spanish performed a little better. Children from both countries had more difficulty identifying the native status of the animals, with a high percentage of them thinking that Savannah animals lived in the wild on the IP. This error was less frequent among the pre-service teachers but, even so, with a percentage for certain animals that can be considered of concern. This issue is absent in the training courses in both countries, a conclusion based on an analysis of the syllabuses. The importance of improving knowledge of native fauna though formal and informal learning is discussed as a way to promote a conservationist attitude with direct repercussions on the recognition of the importance of local or regional biodiversity.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">833-847</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gülşah Gürkan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sibel Kahraman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DEVELOPMENT OF AN ATTITUDE SCALE TO MEASURE ATTITUDES TOWARDS ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION AND DONATION OF PRESERVICE TEACHERS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">attitude scale development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">organ donation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">organ transplantation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-service teachers</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/987-1544860430.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Today, there is a great discrepancy between the number of recipient patients on waiting lists for an organ transplant and the number of donated organs. Negative attitudes toward organ donation are important factors in the lack of donors. Education is an important tool to change attitudes, so it is important to determine the attitudes of teachers and pre-service teachers. The aim of this research was to develop a reliable and valid scale to evaluate pre-service teachers’ attitudes towards organ transplantation and donation (OTD).
	The attitude scale development process was conducted on three different pre-service teachers’ groups for the purposes of performing the exploratory factor analysis (n=208), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) (n=480) and test-retest correlation (n=62) of the scale.  
	It was established that the scale had two factor structure consisting of a total of 20 items. It was determined that the two factors determined explain 61.749% of the total variance.  The CFA values confirmed the two-factor model with acceptable goodness of fit indices. The Cronbach Alpha coefficient for the total scale was calculated as .900. Test-retest reliability was calculated as .951.
	Finally, the results demostrated that this scale is able to measure pre-service teachers’ attitudes related to OTD use reliably.
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1005-1016</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aykut Emre Bozdoğan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE EFFECTS OF ELECTIVE COURSE DESIGNED WITH DIFFERENT CONTENTS ON PRE-SERVICE SCIENCE TEACHERS’ SELF-EFFICACY BELIEFS AND KNOWLEDGE ABOUT ORGANIZING CURRICULUM BASED FIELD TRIPS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">elective course</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">field trip</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">knowledge level</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-service teachers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">self-efficacy</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/987-1529509014.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This research examined the effect of a course designed with different content on pre-service science teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs and knowledge about organizing curriculum-based trips.  A pre-test post-test quasi experimental design was used in the research. One-hundred and thirty pre-service science teachers participated in the research. The research was carried out within the context of an elective course called “Informal Learning Environments in Science Education” and was conducted over 14 weeks in total for two hours per week. The research data were obtained by means of a questionnaire, self–efficacy scale for designing curriculum-based field trips (CFTSES) and semi-structured focus-group interviews. As a result of the research, it was found that the course content which included in-class and out-of-school setting practices in the 3rd group was the most effective. This was followed by the 2nd group which included only in-class implementations. The first group which was supported with visuals and theoretical related presented information was the group which was the least effected. The results of the research revealed that pre-service science teachers had mainly different concerns about safety, but that this did not deter them, as they still continued to design curriculum-based field trips for learners.     </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">446-461</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Çiğdem Şahin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ümmü Gülsüm Durukan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elif Arıkurt</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EFFECT OF 5E TEACHING MODEL ON PRIMARY SCHOOL PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS’ LEARNING ON SOME ASTRONOMY CONCEPTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5E teaching model</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">alternative concept</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">astronomy concepts</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">concept cartoons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-service teachers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">primary school</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/987-1497156015.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The purpose of this research was to examine the effect of the 5E teaching model on the primary school pre-service teachers’ (PSPTs) learning some astronomy concepts. The sample of this research consisted of 90 PSPTs in the 2nd year at a state university. The research was carried out on the pre-experimental methodology with a single research group. The data of the study were collected by concept cartoon form which included some astronomy concepts such as the Sun, star, planet, meteor, Solar System, constellations. The developed teaching materials about the chosen astronomy concepts were implemented in eight course hours. It was seen that most of the PSPTs had alternative concepts. A considerable decrease was determined when the pre and post-test results of the PSPTs were compared; it was found that learning based on the 5E teaching model had a positive effect on the conceptual change. It can be said that 5E teaching model was effective on remedying alternative concepts. In the future research about astronomy teaching may be conducted to determine the effects of 5E teaching model on remedying the alternative concepts and achieving conceptual change with the different education levels of students.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">148-162</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iztok Tomažič</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nina Pihler</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jelka Strgar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PRE-SERVICE BIOLOGY TEACHERS’ REPORTED FEAR AND DISGUST OF ANIMALS AND THEIR WILLINGNESS TO INCORPORATE LIVE ANIMALS INTO THEIR TEACHING THROUGH STUDY YEARS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">disgust of animals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">fear of animals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-service teachers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">students beliefs</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/987-1497963955.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">E-ISSN 2538-7138</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In this research, the self-reported fear and disgust toward animals of pre-service biology teachers and their willingness to incorporate live animals into their teaching were assessed with a questionnaire. An entire generation of pre-service biology teachers (N = 128) participated in this research. The results show that students are mostly afraid of animals that are potentially dangerous to humans such as large predators and are disgusted mostly by animals that are small and wet looking, like a slug. The students were less willing to incorporate animals that they reported to be most fearful or disgusting into their teaching. Considering that throughout their study years, there was practically no change in students’ levels of fear, disgust and willingness to incorporate live animals into their teaching calls for an improvement of the biology teacher education study programme in order to train teachers that are skilled and willing to use live animals in their teaching. One of the solutions could be offering pre-service teachers as many first-hand experiences with live animals as possible either in a formal learning environment, such as the university or, in case of large animals (predators), in informal learning environments, like a zoo or a national park.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">337-349</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hasan Ozgur Kapici</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genc Osman Ilhan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS’ ATTITUDES TOWARD SOCIO-SCIENTIFIC ISSUES AND THEIR VIEWS ABOUT NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">attitude towards socio-scientific issues</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">focus group discussion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nuclear energy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-service teachers</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2016/987-1482502437.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">There is not a common attitude in a society for socio-scientific issues (SSI) such as whether to use nuclear power plants for energy production. Within this respect, the aim of the research is to examine pre-service science teachers’ and pre-service social studies teachers’ attitudes toward SSI and to reveal their views about setting up nuclear power plants in their country. The participant of research is 120 pre-service teachers. Firstly, Attitudes toward Socio-scientific Issues Scale (ATSIS) was implemented and then, focus group discussions were done with five students from each department separately so as to understand their views about nuclear power plants. Findings revealed that whereas pre-service teachers are eager to learn more about SSI, they have anxiety about it due to religion, moral and ethical perspectives. In addition, whereas both groups of pre-service teachers have some common views about nuclear power plants, pre-service science teachers do not have more positive views about having nuclear power plants in their country. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">642–652 </style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Araitz Uskola</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">USE OF FIRST-HAND DATA TO CONSTRUCT KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE SUN-EARTH-MOON SYSTEM</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">knowledge construction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phases of the Moon</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-service teachers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">use of data</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2016/987-1482422315.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inquiry-based educational contexts including observation of the Moon have been found to facilitate students´ understanding of the Sun-Earth-Moon system. However, the role that the collected data play in the knowledge construction process is unclear, as the process that students develop from the collected data has not previously been reported. Use of data is considered one of the three competencies of scientific literacy, and this research focuses on analysing how eighty four pre-service teachers perform it. A five-level scale has been elaborated. Twenty written group reports and 5 oral data discussion have been analysed. Improvement in the students’ knowledge, especially in areas that had been reported to be problematic, is observed. Results show that the designed activities and group discussions help students take their data into consideration, establish comparisons and identify patterns. However, difficulties in identifying patterns and especially in explaining their causes arise and are discussed. The role of the teacher in the process of establishing the causes of the identified patterns stands out when oral discussions are analysed. Several interventions of the teacher are found to be the key for the students to be able to use the collected data to construct appropriate scientific knowledge. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">298-311</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frackson Mumba</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vivien Mweene Chabalengula</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asiana Banda</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COMPARING MALE AND FEMALE PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS‘ UNDERSTANDING OF THE PARTICULATE NATURE OF MATTER</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">physical transformation of matter</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-service teachers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">science teaching and learning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">teacher education</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2015/987-1450982465.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This study compared male and female pre-service science teachers’ understanding of the effect of phase changes and physical transformation of matter on the size of particles, spaces between particles, speed of particles, and number of particles. Data were collected using a questionnaire that has 36 items. Both gender groups had sound understanding of the effect of phase change on speed, spaces, and number of particles in a substance, and the effect of compression on speed, number, size and spaces between particles in solids and liquids. However, most female pre-service teachers had low understanding of the effect of phase change on the size of the particles in solids, liquids and gases as most of them incorrectly believed that heating increases the size of the particles and cooling decreases the size of particles. The results have implications for science teaching and learning and teacher education.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">821–827 </style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mehmet   Yakışan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE ALTERNATIVE CONCEPTIONS OF PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS CONCERNING THE STATUS OF ORGANELLES DURING CELL DIVISION</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">alternative conceptions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cell division</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">organelles</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-service teachers</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2015/987-1425811690.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The aim of this study was to identify pre-service teachers' alternative conceptions concerning the status of organelles during cell division. A total of 212 pre-service teachers participated in the study. Data were collected by asking open-ended questions of all pre-service teachers, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 participants. Data were analyzed by coding data segments within 11 categories. Categories were tabulated and interpreted by including sample data sections about the codes. 
 The results indicated that there were some students who explained that no organelle dissolved or disappeared and no change occurred in any organelles during cell division besides pre-service teachers who said that all organelles dissolved and disappeared during cell division. In addition, a few pre-service teachers thought that while some organelles dissolved and disappeared, others did not. It was understood that those pre-service teachers were confused about which structures and organelles disappeared and which ones continued their existence, and they had various alternative conceptions. Moreover, pre-service teachers had alternative conceptions regarding the status of organelles particularly about structures such as chromosome, centrosome, DNA, and RNA. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">813-828</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Selami Yangin</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PRE-SERVICE CLASSROOM TEACHERS’ MISLEARNINGS OF CLASSIFICATION OF THE PLANT KINGDOM AND THE EFFECT OF PORPHYRIOS TREE ON REMOVING THEM'</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Classification</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mislearnings</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">plants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">porphyrios tree</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-service teachers</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2015/987-1425758578.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Students may acquire mislearnings in the course of their academic lives for various reasons and keep them for a lifetime. Some of the most common of those mislearnings are the alternative conceptions university students have about Biology lesson. This study was conducted through one-to-one interviews with 54 students at the 1st grade of the Department of Classroom Teaching in order to determine university students’ alternative learnings about the classification and the diversity of plants and remove these alternative learnings if there were any. In the end, it was found that students had mislearnings about the classification and the diversity of plants. The main mislearning was that students classify some of the plants they knew well in a wrong way according to the criteria which was not biological; for example, they thought fern and bryophyte were plants with seeds, fungi were plants, and the plants belonging to the family of Pinaceae did not have real leaves so they were included in the class of plants without seeds. In order to remove these mislearnings ‘Porphyrios Tree’, which has a structure similar to a concept map, was used. As a result, a great majority of pre-service teachers’ alternative conceptions about the classification of plants were removed through this method of application.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">178-190 </style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ebru   Öztürk-Akar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Doğan   Doğan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TURKISH PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS’ VIEWS OF SCIENCE-TECHNOLOGY-SOCIETY: INFLUENCE OF A HISTORY OF SCIENCE COURSE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">history of science</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-service teachers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">science-technology-society</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">views of science-technology-society questionnaire</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2015/987-1425811588.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This research is conducted to explore the pre-service teachers’ views of science-technology-society (STS) issues and to investigate the influence of a History of Science (HOS) course on these views. The influence of teaching STS issues through different instructional approaches on the pre-service teachers’ views was also examined. Sample is consisted of 93 pre-service teachers. 11 adapted items of Views of Science-Technology-Society (VOSTS) questionnaire (Aikenhead, Ryan &amp; Fleming, 1989) were administered. Descriptive and inferential statistics (Wilcoxon Sign-Test) were used to examine and compare pre-service teachers’ pre- and post-test responses. Findings revealed that the HOS course and the instructional approach did not have significant influences on the pre-service teachers’ STS views.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">793-802</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrej Šorgo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jana Ambrožič Dolinšek</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iztok Tomažič</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franc Janžekovič</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EMOTIONS EXPRESSED TOWARD GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISMS AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS AND PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">genetically modified organisms</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-service teachers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">secondary school students</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March/2011</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/987-1405173429.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Active student-centered instructional methods bring more emotion into science teaching, especially in the case of socioscientific issues, like research on and usage of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). We tested the strength of ten basic emotions (fear, anger, joy, disgust, sadness, shame, contempt, guilt, surprise and interest) toward different GMOs. Students expressed high levels of interest, surprise and joy towards GMOs, emotions that could be used as possible motivators to raise the level of interest in Science. Students do not express an equal level of negative emotions toward GMOs as a general category, but take a standpoint towards each item or practice separately. Knowing this, the teacher can choose list of GMOs ranked from more acceptable to the least acceptable GMOs, to avoid any obstruction of reasoning toward GMOs based on strong negative emotions.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">53-64 </style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feyzi Osman Pekel</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’ AND TRAINEE SCIENCE TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS OF OZONE LAYER DEPLETION</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">high school students</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">misconceptions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ozone layer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-service teachers</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March/2005</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2016/987-1481049405.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The focus of this study was to identify and describe misconceptions held by pre-service science teachers and high school students regarding the ozone layer depletion. The views of the participants were investigated using a closed-form questionnaire. The analysis of the survey data indicates that many high school students and pre-service science teachers possess an array of erroneous ideas about the ozone layer damage, its causes and consequences. For a better teaching of environmental issues, this study provides some implications for both teachers and researchers of science education.
       It is clearly important that teachers themselves do not, unwittingly, perpetuate erroneous ideas and it might be argued that major large-scale environmental issues should be addressed during the training of teachers. As the literatures have shown, such environmental issues also provide examples of the potential importance of children’s preconceptions, perhaps constructed from out-of-school sources, in the learning process. Global environmental problems might provide a further dimension, namely abstract issues about which information has been received from the media and other informal sources. Thus, by including this as an element of “children’s learning”, it should be possible to emphasize the difference in the causes and consequences of different global problems without a specific addition to curriculum load (Boyes et al., 1995), for example, a foreign language education class can explore ozone layer depletion and the means to alleviate this problem on a student’s daily life.  From the results of this study, it is obvious that global environmental problems should be more formally embedded in to the curricula of both trainee teachers and their students.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12-21</style></section></record></records></xml>