<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yunus Emre Avcu</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IMMERSION, EXPERIMENTATION, AND OBSERVATION: EFFECTS OF THREE LABORATORY ENVIRONMENTS ON GIFTED STUDENTS’ CHEMICAL CHANGE KNOWLEDGE AND SCIENCE ATTITUDES</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">gifted students</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">immersive virtual reality</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">observational learning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">physical laboratory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">science attitudes</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2026</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August / 2026</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2026/987-1789234996.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">25</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laboratory environments offer varying degrees of physical interaction, immersion, control, and guidance, yet the impact of these differences on gifted students’ knowledge and attitudes towards science classes and laboratories remains unclear. This study compared the effects of direct immersive virtual reality (IVR), a physical laboratory, and teacher-modelled observational virtual reality on gifted sixth-grade students’ chemical change knowledge and attitudes towards science classes and laboratories. A three-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design was used with 66 gifted sixth-graders (39 girls, 27 boys). Gifted students learned through direct IVR, a physical laboratory, or observational IVR based on teacher modelling. All groups received the same content, procedures, worksheets, and teaching time. Data were collected using the Chemical Change Knowledge Test and the Attitude toward Science Course and Laboratories Scale, then analysed through a 3 × 2 mixed-design ANOVA. The interaction between learning environment and time was significant for all variables. The physical laboratory group showed greater gains in attitudes towards learning science at school, science self-concept, and overall attitudes towards science. Observational IVR produced knowledge gains comparable to those of the physical laboratory group, but smaller gains in attitudes. Overall, the findings indicate that different laboratory environments support different learning outcomes among gifted sixth-grade students.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">583-599</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatma Coştu</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GIFTED STUDENTS’ PERFORMANCE ON ALGORITHMIC, CONCEPTUAL, AND GRAPHICAL QUESTIONS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">algorithmic understanding</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conceptual Understanding</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">gifted students</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">graphical understanding</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">physics education</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August/2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2023/987-1693507629.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Several studies compared three different types of questions (conceptual, algorithmic, and graphical) across various topics, however, few focused specifically on gifted students. This study addressed this gap. The aim of the study, hence, was to determine whether there were notable differences in gifted students’ performance in the three types of tests. The study involved 115 gifted students aged between 17 and 18 years old. They responded to the three different tests including 10 test items in each with the same content. Significant differences were observed in their performances between the conceptual versus algorithmic in favour of the conceptual test, the conceptual versus graphical in favour of the conceptual test, and the algorithmic versus graphical in favour of the algorithmic test. Moreover, the statistical analysis results revealed that the students performed markedly poorer performance on the graphical test in comparison to both the algorithmic and conceptual tests. These results suggest the need to enhance students' graphical skills to facilitate a better understanding of physics concepts. Proper steps should be taken to improve their proficiency in interpreting and analysing graphical representations.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">600-614</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatma Mutlu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oğuzhan Nacaroğlu</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EXAMINATION OF PERCEPTIONS OF GIFTED STUDENTS ABOUT CLIMATE CHANGE AND GLOBAL WARMING</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">draw-write-tell technique</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">gifted students</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">global warming</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2019/987-1571128300.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The aim of this research was to examine the perceptions of gifted students about climate change and global warming from socio-scientific topics. Phenomenology design, which is a qualitative research design, was used in the research. The sample group consisted of 53 gifted students studying in a Science and Art Center located in Anatolia in the 2018-2019 academic year. As data collection tool, the draw-write-tell technique was used. The drawings of the students were grouped into four categories as causes of climate change and global warming, their results, recommendations and unacceptable drawings; whereas, the compositions of the students and the focus group interviews were collected under three categories including causes, results and recommendations as a result of content analysis. The research results suggested that while the perception levels of gifted students about the causes and possible results of climate change and global warming were high, their perception level about the solution of these problems was quite low. In addition, it was determined that students had misconceptions about climate change and global warming. Besides, the research results showed that the draw-write-tell technique was a useful tool in determining the students’ perception about socio-scientific subjects.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">780-792</style></section></record></records></xml>