<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Halime Yerli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Derya Girgin</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PERCEPTIONS OF STREAM AND SELF-EFFICACY IN ENGINEERING DESIGN SKILLS AMONG PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS: SCALE ADAPTATION, VALIDITY-RELIABILITY, AND RELATIONAL EVIDENCE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">engineering design self-efficacy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">measurement invariance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-service teachers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">scale adaptation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">STREAM education</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2026</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August / 2026</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2026/987-1789235195.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">25</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">As interdisciplinary and design-based learning approaches gain importance in teacher education, there is an increasing need for valid and reliable instruments to evaluate pre-service teachers’ perceptions of STREAM education and related competencies. This study examined the psychometric properties of the Turkish adaptation of the STREAM Perception and Implementation Challenges Scale for Pre-Service Teachers (STREAM-PICS) and its relationship with engineering design self-efficacy. A methodological and relational survey design was employed with 498 pre-service teachers in Türkiye. The adaptation process included translation, expert review, back-translation, and pilot-testing. Confirmatory factor analysis using the DWLS estimation method was performed due to the ordinal data structure and violation of multivariate normality assumptions; four items with low factor loadings and high error variances were removed. The final 26-item model confirmed a three-factor structure: perceptions of STREAM implementation, STREAM disciplines, and implementation challenges. Reliability analyses showed acceptable Cronbach's alpha, McDonald’s omega, and composite reliability for all sub-dimensions. Correlation analyses revealed positive relationships between the first two STREAM dimensions and engineering design self-efficacy, whereas the implementation challenges dimension showed weak relationships. Significant differences were found by department, whereas no significant differences emerged by grade level.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">631-649</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meryem Selvi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ADAPTATION INTO TURKISH OF THE PLANT ATTITUDE QUESTIONNAIRE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Baltic Science Education</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">plant attitude scale</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reliability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">scale adaptation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">validity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/987-1419167776.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plants are indispensable living elements of the world due to their role in sustaining of life. However, many studies have shown that in general children and adults’ knowledge and perceptions about plants are limited and they both find animals more interesting than plants. The purpose of this study was to adapt Plant Attitude Scale (PAS) developed by Fancovicova and Prokop (2010) into Turkish and to investigate the validity and reliability of the scale. Five hundred seventeen primary school students participated in the study. To determine the structural validity of PAS, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted. The Cronbach alpha coefficient was calculated for the dimensions of scale. Results of the study indicate that Turkish version of the PAS is valid and reliable for measuring attitudes toward plants.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">175-183 </style></section></record></records></xml>