@article {1106,
	title = {ASSESSING THE VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF SCIENCE MULTIPLE CHOICE TEST USING RASCH DICHOTOMOUS MEASUREMENT MODEL},
	journal = {Journal of Baltic Science Education},
	volume = {20},
	year = {2021},
	month = {December/2021},
	pages = {Continuous},
	type = {Original article},
	chapter = {924-941},
	abstract = {Multiple choice tests are widely applied to assess students{\textquoteright} knowledge in science education. This study aimed at assessing the validity and reliability of Science Multiple-choice Test in Malaysia. The items for this test were formulated by the researcher together with a panel of science teachers and the head of the science department with close reference to Secondary School Standard Curriculum (KSSM) syllabus. The test consists of 50 multiple-choice items with four options. Rasch measurement model was adopted to evaluate the quality of the Science Multiple-choice Test in terms of reliability analysis, item polarity analysis (PTMEA-CORR), item fit analysis and Principal Component Analysis of Residuals (PCAR). The reliability analysis was performed using Cronbach{\textquoteright}s Alpha, and the results of reliability and separation index respectively indicated good reliability level of the test items. In order to improve the validity of the test, two negatively worded items (Q39 and Q40) were removed. Lastly, the PCAR analysis showed the unexplained variance in the 1st contrast (5.4\%) was found to be well controlled and was below the ceiling value of one-third of the variance explained by the item (18.7\%). However, the positive value of the disattenuated correlations indicate no evidence of the presence of secondary dimension. },
	keywords = {multiple-choice test, Rasch Measurement Model, reliability and validity, science subject, secondary school standard curriculum},
	issn = {1648-3898},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.33225/jbse/21.20.927},
	url = {http://oaji.net/articles/2021/987-1639222215.pdf},
	author = {Najah Hazirah Mohd Dzin and Yoon Fah Lay}
}
@article {1094,
	title = {A COMPARISON OF SCHOOL CLIMATE WITH TIMSS 2015 SCIENCE ACHIEVEMENT AMONG SOUTH-EAST AND EAST ASIAN COUNTRIES },
	journal = {Journal of Baltic Science Education},
	volume = {20},
	year = {2021},
	month = {October/2021},
	pages = {Continuous},
	type = {Original article},
	chapter = {790-810},
	abstract = {Since 1995, the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) implemented the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) as an international comparative study. This article aims at identifying the correlations of science classroom instructions with TIMSS science achievement of eighth graders among countries in Southeast Asia and East Asia. The freely downloadable secondary data were analyzed using a plug-in for SPSS, i.e., the International Database (IDB) Analyzer (version 4.0) of IEA using an imputation methodology involving plausible values so that student{\textquoteright}s performance can be reported. This study found that Southeast and East Asian countries with high average science achievement adequately emphasized academic success, have teachers with job satisfactions well as facing few challenges, have students with sense of belonging to school. Based on the research findings, policy recommendations were made to the Malaysian Ministry of Education to boost Malaysian eighth graders{\textquoteright} science performance in the forthcoming TIMSS studies.},
	keywords = {Classroom instructions, comparative study, leadership motivation, Science Achievement, TIMSS},
	issn = {1648-3898},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.33225/jbse/21.20.790},
	url = {http://oaji.net/articles/2021/987-1633680594.pdf},
	author = {Yoon Fah Lay and Khar Thoe Ng}
}
@article {686,
	title = {THE CONTRIBUTION OF TEACHER PREPARATION ON GRADE 8 STUDENTS{\textquoteright} SCIENCE ACHIEVEMENT IN TIMSS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN MALAYSIA AND SINGAPORE},
	journal = {Journal of Baltic Science Education},
	volume = {17},
	year = {2018},
	month = {August/2018},
	pages = {Continuous},
	type = {Original article},
	chapter = {576-589},
	abstract = {The ultimate aim of this research  was to explore the contribution of teacher preparedness or readiness (in terms of their academic background, confidence in teaching science and career satisfaction) towards the achievement in science among Malaysian and Singaporean eighth-graders. The TIMSS 2011 international assessment of student achievement at the eighth grade comprises written tests together with sets of questionnaires that gather information on the educational and social contexts for achievement in science. The TIMSS 2011 science achievement scale was used to gauge Grade 8 students{\textquoteright} science achievement. Confidence in Teaching Science Scale and Teacher Career Satisfaction Scale was used to explore science teachers{\textquoteright} confidence in teaching science and career statisfaction, respectively. Data were obtained from 5,733 Malaysian students and 5,927 Singaporean students who participated in the TIMSS 2011 study using two-stage random sample design.Higher science achievement among Singaporean eighth grade students was related to teachers having more teaching experience, being confident in  science teaching, and being satisfied with  careers . However, these findings were not evident in Malaysia. The findings of such a research may help science educators and policy makers to identify and nurture the strong learning prerequisites of early adolescents in different education systems.},
	keywords = {career satisfaction, confidence in teaching science, Science Achievement, teacher preparation, TIMSS},
	issn = {1648-3898},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.33225/jbse/18.17.576},
	url = {http://oaji.net/articles/2017/987-1533708650.pdf},
	author = {Yoon Fah Lay and A.L. Chandrasegaran}
}
@article {655,
	title = {EXAMINING THE RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS USING PARTIAL LEAST SQUARES STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING (PLS-SEM)},
	journal = {Journal of Baltic Science Education},
	volume = {17},
	year = {2018},
	month = {April/2018},
	pages = {Continuous},
	type = {Original article},
	chapter = {239-251},
	abstract = {Understanding teacher{\textquoteright}s behavioural intention in teaching science becomes a foundation to improve teacher education programme. Prior to the evaluation of the interrelation between teacher self-efficacy beliefs, teaching motivation, attitudes towards teaching science, and behavioural intention in teaching science, this research examines the reliability and validity of instruments used to measure the constructs. {\textquoteleft}Science Teaching Efficacy Belief Instrument-Form B{\textquoteright} (STEBI-B) was used to measure pre-service science teachers{\textquoteright} self-efficacy beliefs. {\textquoteleft}Work Tasks Motivation Scale for Teachers{\textquoteright} (WTMST) was used to measure teaching motivation. {\textquoteleft}Dimensions of Attitude towards Science{\textquoteright} (DAS) was used to measure attitudes towards teaching science whereas the {\textquoteleft}Behavioural Intention Scale{\textquoteright} was used to measure behavioural intention in teaching science among pre-service science teachers. Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modelling approach was used to evaluate the reliability and validity of the instruments. Research findings concluded all instruments are valid and reliable to be used in future research. },
	keywords = {attitudes towards teaching science, behavioural intention, partial least square-structural equation modeling, Self-Efficacy Beliefs, teaching motivation},
	issn = {1648-3898},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.33225/jbse/18.17.239},
	url = {http://oaji.net/articles/2017/987-1523527189.pdf},
	author = {Sane Hwui Chan and Yoon Fah Lay}
}
