<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luciane F. Goes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Keysy S. C. Nogueira</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carmen   Fernandez</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LIMITATIONS OF TEACHING AND LEARNING REDOX: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">education proposals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">learning difficulties</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">redox reactions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">state of the art</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2020/457-1600951544.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">78</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Redox reactions are considered one of the most difficult chemistry subjects to teach and learn. However, this is an important content that permeates several topics and includes many everyday life-related phenomena. To understand the teaching and learning difficulties of the ‘redox reactions’ topic, a systematic literature review was conducted. Initially, 318 articles were mapped, between the years 2000 to 2019, related to the teaching of redox reactions. The inventoried articles were analyzed to identify, in their results, the aforementioned difficulties. Only 54 presented difficulties related to teaching and learning redox reactions. To analyze these articles, the year of publication, the conceptual/procedural difficulties resulting from the study, the researched participants, and the strategies used throughout the data collection were adopted as categories. As a result, the main participants of the investigations were students. It was observed that the research studies favored bachelor degree as the level of education. Moreover, most of the analyzed studies mainly proposed experimentation as teaching strategy for teaching redox reactions. This study points to the need for continuing education courses for chemistry teachers to discuss emerging difficulties, in addition to proposing teaching strategies to remedy these difficulties.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">698-718</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Keysy S. C. Nogueira</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carmen   Fernandez</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE RELIABILITY OF AN INSTRUMENT TO MEASURE TEACHER KNOWLEDGE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF LEARNERS IN THE CONTEXT OF PIBID</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">instrument reliability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PCK</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PIBID</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">redox reactions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">teaching knowledge</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/457-1519988181.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">76</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This research sought to analyze the reliability of an instrument to measure teacher knowledge of a group of pre-service chemistry teachers participating in the Institutional Program for Scholarships for Beginner Teachers in Brazil (PIBID).. Thus, it was analyzed  the evaluation of a group of students about the Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) of five pre-service chemistry teachers from the program. Accordingly, an instrument containing 28 statements and an open question was applied to a group of 70 students from a public school to whom the pre-service teachers had applied their didactic proposals. The purpose of the instrument was to measure the perception of the students' about the components of the teacher knowledge (Subject Matter Knowledge - SMK, Instructional Representation and Strategies - IRS, Instructional Objective and Context - IOC and Knowledge of Students’ Understanding - KSU) of the pre-service teachers. The results of the analysis revealed that the instrument about teacher’s knowledge has a high reliability based on the alpha Cronbach values. The results of the alpha coefficient for the pre-service teachers were all above 0.9 suggesting that the instrument is reliable and has consistent measurements. Regarding to the exploratory analysis, the main scale in the PCK evaluation of the undergraduates was four which means that the students consider that the aspects related to the SMK, IRS, IOC and KSU are frequently present in the classes of the future teachers.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">69-86</style></section></record></records></xml>