<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Minh Tuan Nguyen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nguyen Quang Duy Vu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hoai Thu Nguyen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vu, T. P. T.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MAPPING THE LANDSCAPE OF CONTINUING EDUCATION RESEARCH IN ASIA: A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF SCOPUS-INDEXED PUBLICATIONS FROM 1972 TO 2023</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">bibliometric analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">collaboration networks</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">continuing education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">digital learning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">healthcare education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lifelong learning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">research trends</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">science mapping</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scopus database</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October/2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2023/457-1728583774.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">82</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuing education (CE) plays a crucial role in workforce development and economic growth across Asia, yet the landscape of CE research in the region has not been comprehensively mapped. A comprehensive bibliometric analysis of continuing education (CE) research in Asia from 1972 to 2023 was carried out, utilizing data from the Scopus database to map the evolving landscape of CE research in the region. Findings revealed a significant surge in research output since the late 1990s, with East Asian countries, particularly China, Hong Kong (China), and Taiwan (ROC), emerging as leaders in the field. The analysis uncovers several key patterns: institutional collaborations tend to cluster regionally, there's a noticeable generational gap in researcher’s networks, and the healthcare sector dominates CE research topics. Recent trends indicate a shift towards digital learning approaches and learner-centered methodologies. The study also highlights the need for increased cross-border collaborations and expansion of CE research beyond the healthcare sector. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of CE research trends in Asia and provides insights for future directions in the field.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">687-707</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alzira Manuel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Domingos Buque</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosário Quive</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS ON DISTANCE EDUCATION: A CASE STUDY IN MOZAMBIQUE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">adult education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">distance education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lifelong learning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">qualitative research</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/457-1617434694.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">79</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Education in all societies is one of the requisites for changes and development, particularly in the current context influenced by globalization and rapid changes in which knowledge and technology became essential tools for life. In this context, Mozambique has been and continues promoting education, including Classroom Teaching Adult Education and Distance Adult Education (DAE) to satisfy people’s learning needs and improve their capacities towards changes. DAE is considered a way to open opportunities of education for youth and adults who by different reasons cannot participate in classroom teaching. This study seeks to explore the perceptions of youth and adult students in DAE at Eduardo Mondlane University (EMU), about their learning process. The study applied qualitative approach, based on semi-structured interview administrated to twelve students from the 3rd and 4th years of the undergraduate   program in Organization and Management of Education in Distance Education (DE) modality. The findings of this study point out that DAE is perceived as a relevant and useful modality of education, particularly for adult learners. However, the study identifies contextual challenges associated to individual and professional issues, pedagogical and organizational issues as well as gender division of labor within the families, impacting the student’s performance in DE in the selected higher education institution.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">229-240</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Milena   Kerndl</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kordigel Aberšek, M.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DISTANCED E-LEARNING IN TEACHERS’ EDUCATION: A CASE STUDY IN SLOVENIA</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">distanced e-learning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lifelong learning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">reader’s reception metacognition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">teachers’ training</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://journals.indexcopernicus.com/abstract.php?icid=1221616</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">72</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Discontinuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In the last two decades a remarkable shift from conventional forms of teaching toward e-learning happened on all levels of education. This shift included also teachers’ permanent, lifelong education. The purpose of the study was to find and compare the effectiveness of conventional workshop and an e-learning module in teachers’ lifelong/permanent professional training. A study included 30 mother tongue teachers. The aim of the teachers training course curriculum was focused in their competence for developing students’/reader’s reception metacognition (RRM), a competence which is a prerequisite for differentiation/individualization in the process of implementation of literature curriculum in the frame of mother tongue education. Pre- intervention and post- intervention teaching practice of both groups of teachers were observed and compared to find out, which form of lifelong education influenced participants’ teaching practice in a more effective way. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of data, gained in e-module and compared with those, gained in the traditional workshop education, shows a significantly bigger effect of education on the case study participants teaching practice for the group of teachers, which participated in traditional educational form – a workshop.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16-30</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gonzalo   Sacristán-Pérez-Minayo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruth  María  Martín-Moro</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FROM ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TO UNIVERSITY EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMMES: A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF THE ADULT EDUCATION IN SPAIN</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">adult education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">developing society</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lifelong learning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">teaching methodology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/457-1419346583.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">51</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lifelong learning plays an important role due to the actual needs that we have in terms of knowledge-based economy. It provides education both to working and non-working people who want to be part of this developing society. In this study, two different levels of the Spanish Adult Education are assessed but not only from an individual point of view, but also from the point of view of cooperation between them in order to improve the teaching-learning process. Both the Education Centre of Olmedo (Olmedo, Spain) and the University of Burgos (Burgos, Spain) are described deep inside and likewise, the activities that they two are developing to interconnect both the two centres and the educational levels so that the learning process is never interrupted. Activities such as seminars, web pages management, oral presentations and questionnaires showing different aspects of the educational process will be discussed in the present study. The use of the new Information Technology and Communication (ICT) should be enhanced for effective learning of our adult students. From our results, it will be demonstrated that adults can be part of the education system and therefore gain new skills and knowledge that let them succeed in their lives.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">113-125</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mervi   Raudsaar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Merike   Kaseorg</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COMPARING LEARNING PROCESS IN THE FIELD OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION: TARGET GROUPS REVISING LIFELONG EXPERIENCE IN TEACHING PROCESS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lifelong learning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">limitations of starting enterprise</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">possibilities of starting entreprise</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/457-1419345226.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">49</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This article presents the results of a pilot research how the entrepreneurship is perceived by the participants of entrepreneurship courses. Also we have researched their previous (entrepreneurial) background and its relevance on enabling market entrance. We had two target groups: self financed students of Open University and participants in entrepreneurship course financed by European Social Foundation. Lifelong learning is a socio-personal process as we associate our thoughts and actions to our earlier experiences but on the same time revising that experience. The aim of this article is to explore how to teach entrepreneurship in lifelong learning process and to explore it in participants’ perspective. In empirical part authors used questionnaire with 77 statements with persons being admitted to some entrepreneurship courses. The respondents were asked to express their opinion on a five-point Likert scale. The data has been discussed in the context of the related literature. We discuss what learning methods are most effective - to learn about, for or through/within entrepreneurship (Hyrsky &amp; Kyrö, 2005; Gibb, 1999; Hytti &amp; O’Corman, 2004, Rae, 2004).</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">59-72</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luis Martín  Sobrado  Fernández</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cristina  Ceinos  Sanz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Miguel Angel  Nogueira Pérez</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE PRESENCE OF ICT IN VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE: A TRAINING PROPOSAL</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lifelong learning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">professional development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">technological competences</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/457-1413726860.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">44</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">At present, the transformations in the use and management of the technological tools in the overall society and particularly in Guidance are developed so quickly, that there is the concern of creating training systems, which offer opportunities to update the ICT competences in Counselors, as the use of such resources turns into a strategic worry of the training long life politics (European Life Long Learning).
 In this context, the Project –ICT-Skills 2: ICT Tools and training for E-practitioners- is framed, with the aim of designing an e-Counselor professional profile, including the strategic competences with respect to Guidance training and teaching. These competences have to be shared in a transnational level with enough flexibility to be adapted to several contexts.
 The different stages and tasks were made under the cooperation of the social organizations (which come from Italy, the United Kingdom, Spain and Romania), offering, as a result, the design of a training profile and a number of tools (self-assessment resources and an e-portfolio) logical for the Counselors professional development with and for ICT, being, likewise, a starting point for the development of future services in e-Guidance. 
 
</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">72-80</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria  Theodosopoulou</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE CHALLENGE OF DEVELOPING STRATEGIC LIFELONG LEARNING IN THE SCHOOL COMMUNITY</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">collaborative learning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">continuing professional development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lifelong learning</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2010</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/457-1400136125.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The teaching community plays an important role in promoting Lifelong Learning. In european level teachers’ competences have been described and efforts been made to encourage their active participation in Lifelong Learning (LLL). It is widely recognized that LLL culture should start at an early age and, thus school and teachers are to promote it to students. In a holistic perspective school is a central point for promoting LLL not only within its gates, but also a link between LLL and the community. Examining the role of teachers in a LLL school, as well as experiences and practices of greek teachers regarding notions like continuing professional development, mentor, collaborative learning, self directed learning provide us insight about them as lifelong learners and placing LLL in a strategic framework. </style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">153-162</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agnese  Rusakova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrejs  Rauhvargers</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">METHODOLOGY FOR IMPLEMENTING LEARNING OUTCOMES IN A STUDY PROGRAM AS BASIS FOR FUTURE RECOGNITION OF PRIOR LEARNING</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">learning outcomes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lifelong learning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">National Qualifications Framework</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November/2010</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://journals.indexcopernicus.com/search/article?articleId=2594310</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">26</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">One of the most important problems of the next decades in the context of lifelong learning is the integration non- formal and informal learning achievements of individuals with formal learning so that non- formal and informal learning can be used for their formal promotion –gaining credits and/or whole qualifications.
 One of the means for integrating the achievements is through translating knowledge, skills and competencies obtained through alternate forms of learning into learning outcomes (further in text- LO). It is necessary to implement LO approach in the formal system of education to prepare it for recognition of prior learning. 
The objective to be reached is understandable and so is the rationale to do so. However unclear is the way how to translate the theory into a working practice. In the following article the authors will address this problem by proposing and examining a methodology for implementing LO in a program, discussing the possibility to improve the quality of program through this action.
 The LO approach reflects change from „teacher-centered” to „student-centered” learning. The first results of surveying the lecturers involved in the analyzed program show that the LO are currently implemented rather formally. It is necessary to do more explanatory work in order to benefit from the LO as quality instrument.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">124-131</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luljeta  Buza</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hektor  Buza</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elida  Tabaku</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PERCEPTION OF LIFELONG LEARNING IN HIGHER EDUCATION</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">innovation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lifelong learning</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November/2010</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://journals.indexcopernicus.com/search/article?articleId=2594286</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">26</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The paper is an empirical study based on questionnaires of 450 postgraduates’ students, and 30 teachers enrolled in different courses in Tirana University. It aimed to identify the problems and to find out some solutions to the problem focused on the wide availability of information and communication, which makes learning take place wherever and whenever it suits the student. The study highlights the way how education can be organized to ensure quality and lifelong learning. The study, based on the analysis of questionnaires, pointed out that it is considered as not efficient if lifelong learning is focused only on short-term requirements. The teacher educators had quite a number of concepts on lifelong learning, and their perceptions were concentrated on: 1) developing a range of skills; 2) being able to identify problems; 3) ways of tackling, finding and using information effectively; 4) understanding and extending ways of learning to gain and apply new knowledge.
 The paper is divided into two parts. Part one outlines the key issues related to the importance of lifelong education and part two analyzes lifelong learning approaches, conclusions and recommendations.
 The notion of learning society needs some theoretical and analytical potential which requires realization of a considerable work. There is a need for greater clarity in defining the meaning of the learning society, and for establishing criteria for interpretation. Learning continually throughout life is vital if we are to make informed choices about our lives and the societies in which we live. The strength of the idea of a learning society is a concept that needs to link learning process with the idea of a future society. It is necessary to link the theory of relationship between education and economic life and to draw upon understandings of human beings as active, and cooperative in the learning society. The different and differentiated personal development would contribute to better understanding and improved implementation of lifelong learning policies. Formal education needs to become more meaningful and relevant in its on-line application.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">42-51</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ioan  G. Pop</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vistrian Maties</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SUSTAINABLE STRATEGIES IN MECHATRONICAL EDUCATION AS VOCATIONAL TRAINING ENVIRONMENT</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">knowledge triangle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lifelong learning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">synergistic signification</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">vocational educational training systems</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March/2010</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/457-1399917568.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Education and training with specific procedures and techniques are crucial in continuously economic and social changes. The vocational educational training systems (VETS) together with industry are confronted with the need to develop theoretical sequences integrated with practical learning sequences, as well, all participants being determined to acquire key competences and update their skills as a continuous process throughout their lives. These objectives can be achieved only by sustainable long term effort raising skill levels with lifelong learning and knowledge triangle, education, research and innovation strategies. The VETS have to contribute efficiently and equitable to the modernization of education at all levels. Lifelong learning is imposed as a necessity in the new emergent knowledge based economy, supporting creativity as a contextual innovative process enabling full economical and social participation, teachers and trainers been challenged by a lot of problems. Technology education holds the potential for teaching all the people involved in the VETS as lifelong learning apprentices to get ability in problem solving, being considered as only logical system based on a new, synergistic education. The new profession, mechatronician, as a technology education job profile, has to be made more attractive, only the quality of teacher education being able to influence the performance of the apprentices.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">94-102</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrea Bencsik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ildiko  Trunkos</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ECONOMIC CHANGES DEMAND TO MOVE FROM LIFE LONG LEARNING TO LIFE WIDE LEARNING</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">knowledge based society</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lifelong learning</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November/2009</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/457-1395386623.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lifelong learning is indispensable to develop successfully into a knowledge-based economy and society. Educational level is the most important determinant of employability. According to experience those who have higher qualifications can adapt faster and better to changing circumstances and new tasks than those who have a lower-level education. That is why adult education and training is essential to competitiveness and economic growth.
 In several Western European countries, e.g. in Denmark, Germany and Sweden where adult training has long traditions, the high level, high quality adult training is a determining factor of economic competitiveness.
 Nowadays the term “lifelong learning” is familiar even in Hungary, which includes/would include old age learning as well. However, practically there is no opportunity for it; life-long learning means only the training of those employable in the labour market.
 Nevertheless, a lot of old aged people would learn new things with pleasure. In most Western European countries there are opportunities to do so.
 The question naturally arises: to what extent can old people be burdened, what are they capable of either at school or in the labour market? It should not be treated only as an employment problem: it is also indispensable with regard to life quality. </style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20-28</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ilze Ivanova</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A GOOD ADULT EDUCATOR AS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR IN THE LIFELONG LEARNING POLICY</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">adult educators</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">adult learners</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lifelong learning</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May/2009</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/457-1393266960.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lifelong Learning is not a new concept in education and in the development of personality. It has been an issue in theoretical sources, business affairs, in everyday life and on the level of politicians for many years. Nowadays Lifelong Learning in the rapidly changing world has become like an “umbrella” embracing all kinds of education leading to a certain system of education Adult education is an important part of this system. It is never neutral. Educators provide and organize education, encourage learners, promote change based on the social, political and cultural situation and priorities in the society and country, whilst also acting in the global world. Adult educators take responsibility for being open to and responsible for personal development and social intervention. Engaging in adult education means interaction, which should be based on the democratic values and principles. The article characterizes the adult educator as a teacher, a guide, a facilitator, a trainer from the theoretical point of view and gives the real analysis, based on documents, questionnaires, discussions in the case of Latvia, leading to the point that it is a very essential issue in the policy of Lifelong Learning in the country.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">61-67</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria  Theodosopoulou</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Konstantinos  Siassiakos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vassiliki  Theodosopoulou</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GREEK ADULT EDUCATION MOVING FORWARD IN THE KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">knowledge economy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lifelong learning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">quality provision</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November/2009</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/457-1395387420.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult Education is a major contributing force to Lifelong Learning, as inclusive and flexible continuing education can help people adapt to the everchanging needs of labour markets and close the knowledge gap. Adult education can play a positive role to economic growth and social cohesion, by helping people become lifelong learners. In order to achieve this, adult education has to reach low skilled adults with literacy issues, upgrade competences of all adult population and offer a transparent system of recognition of competences and provide better educational programmes by ensuring the efficiency of trainers. These three challenges are examined both in the european as well as in the greek context.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">163-168</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thanassis Karalis</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LIFELONG LEARNING AND PRESCHOOL EDUCATION: ODD COUPLE OR ECLECTIC RELATIONSHIP?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">educational continuum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lifelong learning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">preschool education</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May/2009</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/457-1393267009.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lifelong learning seems to be the key concept for educational policy in almost all developed and developing countries. National and international organisations put emphasis on lifelong learning, while at the same time the concept is equated with continuing vocational training in the majority of policy making texts. In this paper, we investigate the continuously evolving concept of lifelong learning and the relationship between lifelong learning and preschool education. In the first section of the paper we will define lifelong learning as a unifying project for all educational and learning activities. Based on Coombs and Ahmed’s typology for educational activities, our analysis will lead to a definition of lifelong learning encompassing all levels and types of education. In the second section of the paper we will explore the location and significance of preschool education in lifelong learning, analyzing all possible ways and frameworks of learning in early childhood (family learning, kindergartens, non-formal educational activities) and their contribution to the making of a lifelong learner.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">68-73</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shorena Sadzaglishvili</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mzia Tsereteli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thea Berdzenishvili</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ASSESSMENT OF LEARNING-TO-LEARN PROCESSES IN STUDENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">educational achievement</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">learning-to-learn</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lifelong learning</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2008</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/457-1392235429.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Concept of learning -to - learn is a key competence for lifelong learning which is one of the most critical demands of the new educational reforms in Georgia. The core of learning to learn is formed through good educational practices. Learning-to-learn is defined as the competence and the willingness to adapt to novel tasks, which activates person’s affective and cognitive processes and leads to learning action (Hautamaki, et al., 2002). 
National Curriculum and Assessment Center of Georgia, Assessment Unit developed the special measurement instrument for learning to learn (L-t-L) assessment in students. The purpose of the study was to analyze whether students grouped by their self-assessed level of success differ according to their L-t-L components assessed by our L-t-L measurement instrument and in general, to reveal the most influential factors of L-t-L for Georgian context. 
Our Sample comprised of 1007 students of 38 schools located in the different regions of Georgia. Analyzing results by factor analysis, anova, and non-parametric measures showed that students having better performance on L-t-L components have higher self-assessed academic performance. 
These results show the highest importance of Learning-to-learn assessment. Its inclusion as a distinct indicator in educational evaluation system would provide a means to analyze the relative role of the different factors affecting student’s achievement, and help direct schools towards practices and contents that would truly foster lifelong learning. </style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">126-132</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inge Timoštšuk</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mai Normak</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SUPPORT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONALISM FOR STUDENT TEACHERS IN EARLY TEACHER TRAINING</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lifelong learning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">professional growth</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">teacher professionalism</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May/2008</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/457-1392234050.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This paper by members of the Institute of Educational Sciences of the University of Tallinn (Estonia) describes the process and reports the results of an exploration of student attitudes to professionalism using interviewing and feedback as tools. The aim of the process was to encourage the use of reflection and self-assessment by students. The objectives were:
 1. To give students the opportunity to reflect on their understanding of the teaching profession in the modern world
 2. To give students a better understanding of the Teacher's Standard of Professional Competence of Estonia 
3. To give the researchers experience of feedback, e.g., how to conduct interviews and what to discuss 
4. To identify issues that requires the attention of the university pedagogues in order to sustain and develop the quality of teaching. 
The authors tested their proposal that the provision of teacher training students with feedback about their knowledge, skills and attitudes helps to develop a sense of professionalism. By assessing their performance with their supervisors, fledgling teachers can learn to measure progress according to accepted norms, both mechanistic and aspirational. The research described in this paper was done in November 2007. 
</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">184-194</style></section></record></records></xml>