<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mbundu, T. E. N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ngoie, R. B., M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bansimba, J. R. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kinyoka, G. K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rama M. Bazangika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Billy Nzau Matondo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EFFECTS OF A SHORT-TERM TEACHER PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT ON PHYSICS LEARNING UNDER SEVERE RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS: CONCEPTUAL AND SYMBOLIC GAINS WITHOUT PROCEDURAL IMPROVEMENT</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">didactic materials</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pedagogical transformation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">physics education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">professional development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">situational learning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">student achievement</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sub-Saharan Africa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">teacher</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2026</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2026</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">84</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physics teaching in Sub Saharan Africa often remains theoretical because of a lack of teaching materials and limited access to teacher training, and evidence on low cost, short term professional development in such fragile contexts is scarce. This quasi experimental study was conducted in ten secondary schools in Mbanza Ngungu, Democratic Republic of Congo, with five schools assigned to an experimental group and five to a control group. The sample included 248 students and ten physics teachers from those schools. Data collection relied on a validated ten item test measuring conceptual, procedural and symbolic dimensions of physics learning, complemented by semi structured teacher interviews. The theoretical framework combined three pillars: the use of low cost didactic materials, situated learning as conceived by Lave and Wenger, and Bandura’s concept of teacher self efficacy. The main results show that students taught by trained teachers significantly outperformed control students on the conceptual dimension (Cohen’s d = 0.49) and the symbolic dimension (d = 1.58), whereas no significant difference was observed in procedural skills. Persistent errors in algebra, unit conversion, and graphical interpretation remained in both groups. Teachers in the experimental group reported higher self efficacy but their teaching practices changed in variable ways across individuals. An implication of these findings is that even short term professional development can improve conceptual and symbolic learning under severe resource constraints, yet procedural fluency likely requires stronger collaboration between physics and mathematics teachers as well as longer or more targeted interventions.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">480-504</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oksana Filina</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DIDACTIC MATERIALS FOR STUDENTS AS MEANING OF EDUCATIONAL QUALITY IMPROVEMENT</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">competence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">didactic materials</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">interactive methods</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2008</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/457-1392236443.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The article is dedicated to one of the actual questions in didactics – the making and realization of didactic materials for students. The purpose of given article is showing to the readers the experience of creation of didactic materials on pedagogic for the students of not pedagogical specialties of the Baltic International Academy, which were developed by the author. 
In the introductory part the author goes on telling about the global tendencies of modern education. Namely, O. Filina stresses attention on formation of basic educational competences of the students. In accordance with the author’s mention, the main components of the educational competences formation are the interactive methods of training.
 In the first part of the article the author characterizes the formation of student’s pedagogical competence.
 In the second part the author stresses attention on the characterizes of the didactic materials which allow to organize the research study of students.
 In the third part the interactive methods of training in pedagogic, directed on formation of the student’s pedagogical competence are analysed. As the illustration, the author gives detailed description of the own experiment.
 In conclusion the author points out that the offered didactic materials positively influence to the quality of educational process: develop knowledge and skill of students in pedagogic, intensify the motivation and creative activity of students, form positive attitude to the new for them sphere of socio-cultural activity.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">162-168</style></section></record></records></xml>