<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dinkissa Gofer Abdissa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gemechis File Duressa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teklu Tafase Olkaba</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eyasu Gemechu Feyissa</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE EFFECT OF BLENDED LEARNING EDUCATIONAL MODEL ON SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS’ MATHEMATICS ACHIEVEMENT</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">blended learning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mathematics achievement</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">quasi-experimental</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">secondary school</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February/2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2023/457-1741761950.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">83</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blended Learning has gained significant attention for its potential to enhance student achievement. However, its implementation in secondary education, especially in developing countries like Ethiopia, faces barriers such as infrastructure limitations, pedagogical challenges, and socio-economic factors. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a blended learning model on the mathematics achievement of tenth-grade students in Ethiopia. A quasi-experimental design with non-equivalent groups, using both pre- and post-tests was employed. Two pre-existing classes from different schools were assigned to either the experimental group (n = 38) or the comparison group (n = 45) using lottery method. Prior academic records showed similar levels of mathematics achievement between the groups. A pre-test, covering topics like relations and functions, polynomial functions, and exponential and logarithmic functions, confirmed group equivalence. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, which revealed that students in the blended learning group outperformed those in the conventional teaching group. A significant mean difference of 19.999 was observed, with a substantial effect size, as indicated by paired sample t-tests. These results suggest that blended learning is more effective than conventional methods in improving mathematics achievement. The study advocates for incorporating blended learning into the mathematics curriculum and urges policymakers and educators to consider adopting this model to enhance educational outcomes.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9-29</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nkurikiyimana, J. D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jean Uwamahoro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kizito Ndihokubwayo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TEACHING AND LEARNING MECHANICS EXPLORED THROUGH THE USE OF THE 5E’s EDUCATIONAL MODEL</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5E's educational model</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">active learning of mechanics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">classroom observation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">physics students</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rwanda</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">secondary school</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2022/457-1645651104.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">80</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This study assesses the level of application of the 5E’s educational model by Rwandan physics teachers and how the model affects the learning of basic classical mechanics in secondary school physics classrooms. For this analysis, quantitative data were collected using the classroom observation tool framed at the 5E’s educational model. A sample of six secondary physics teachers was selected purposively from three boarding secondary schools of Nyamasheke district in the western province of Rwanda to participate in this study. Twenty-four classroom observations were conducted during teaching and learning mechanics concepts in the way of four observations for each teacher before being trained on 5E’s educational model. This was done to help the researcher to have the real picture of the prior ability of teachers to incorporate 5E’s aspects in their usual teaching practices. Similarly, a total of 24 observations were done after teachers’ training. The collected data were tabulated in Microsoft Excel, and descriptive statistics were analyzed and presented. The overall mean scores on the teachers’ ability to apply 5E’s educational model during lesson delivery on introductory mechanics were low before training and increased due to teacher training on the use of 5E’s educational model. The main findings from this study revealed that 5E’s educational model is more effective in stimulating students’ motivation and strong interaction and a better understanding of mechanics concepts through interactive activities, discrepant events, and computer simulations. Based on the findings of this study, some recommendations were suggested that would improve more physics students’ active learning.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">179-194</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kamil Arif Kırkıç</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feriha Uludağ</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">STEM ATTITUDES OF STUDENTS AS PREDICTOR OF SECONDARY SCHOOL TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN COURSE ACHIEVEMENT</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">academic achievement</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">and design course</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">correlational survey</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">secondary school</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">STEM attitude</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">technology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/457-1628687092.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">79</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Achievement in a course mostly depends on the students' characteristics and how teachers make their courses effective for their students' learning. Although different characteristics of teachers and students can affect learning outcomes, new approaches like STEM may cause new characteristics which affect students’ achievement as STEM attitudes. This study examines the correlation between secondary school students' STEM attitudes and their achievement in the Technology and Design Course (T &amp; DC). A correlational survey model was applied in the study. A total of 400 students studying in the seventh and eighth grades constitute the sample of the study. A personal data form and STEM attitude test were utilized to collect data. Pearson Correlation Analysis and Regression Analysis techniques were used in the data analysis process. As a result of the analysis, it was found a positive and significant correlation between students' Technology and Design Course achievement and STEM attitudes. Students' attitudes to STEM predict their achievement in the Technology and Design Course by 5.1%. Students developing positive STEM attitudes can further enhance achievement in the (T&amp;DC), which enables students to acquire the necessary design skills to produce technology in the future.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">585-596</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ugorji I. Ogbonnaya</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE RELIABILITY OF STUDENTS’ EVALUATION OF TEACHING AT SECONDARY SCHOOL LEVEL</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Average Deviation Index</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intraclass Correlation Coefficient</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">reliability of SET</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">secondary school</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">student evaluation of teaching (SET)</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2019/457-1550425217.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">77</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Student Evaluation of Teaching (SET), although controversial, is a common practice at the higher education level for faculty appraisals and promotions, but seldom at secondary school level. Concerns have been raised as to whether students are informed and experienced enough to evaluate teachers’ teaching practices in a reliable way and arrive at valid outcomes. The purpose of this research was to explore the reliability of students’ evaluations of mathematics teaching at secondary school level. This research involved eight teachers, and 194 Grade 11 students from eight secondary schools in Bojanala District, North West province in South Africa. A SET questionnaire was developed, validated and used for data collection. The data were analysed by calculating the average deviation index of the students’ evaluations of each teacher per item and the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) with SPSS. This was done using one-way random effects, absolute agreement and a multiple raters/measurements model. Both the ADI and ICC values showed a high degree of reliability of the SET. Hence, SET at secondary school level may provide a reliable indication of teachers’ educational practices that might be used for the formative assessment of teachers’ instruction. It can also assist in designing teacher training programmes for pre-service teachers and professional development programmes for in-service teachers.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">97-109</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viviana  Carolina  Llanos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">María  Rita  Otero</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE RESEARCH AND STUDY PATHS IN THE SECONDARY SCHOOL: THE CASE OF THE POLYNOMIAL FUNCTIONS OF THE SECOND DEGREE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">polynomial functions of second degree</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">research and study paths</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">secondary school</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/457-1419412673.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">52</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This analysis introduces the pedagogy of research and questioning the world within the Math classrooms at secondary schools in Argentina by using Research and Study Paths (RSP). The RSP have been proposed by Chevallard in the Anthropologic Theory of Didactic (ATD) to face the mechanistic model of teaching mathematics in secondary school (Chevallard, 2004). The RSP has been previously conceived as part of this research and could enable to cover the syllabus of the three last years of the secondary level (students aged 14 to 18 years old). The RSP has been carried out in courses intentionally selected by the researcher. Two implementations have been performed once a year during three years; with 163 students participating in the whole research. The results of introducing RSP into the classroom, the characteristics of the Mathematical Organization (MO) and the advantages and disadvantages of teaching mathematics based on the pedagogy of research and questioning the world are described in the present work.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">60-71</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iheanyi N.   Okwakpam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ikechi O.   Okwakpam</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CAUSES AND LEVELS OF TRUANCY AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS: A CASE STUDY OF RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">secondary school</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">truancy</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/457-1413727463.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">45</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The study was a case study design aimed at determining the causes and levels of truancy among secondary school students, using Rivers State, Nigeria. The research sample consisted of 105 teachers and was purposefully sampled. Four research questions and one hypothesis were posed, formulated and tested respectively. A structured questionnaire was developed, validated and administered to the respondents selected for the study. T-test, standard deviation and mean were used to analyze the data collected. The results indicated that there is a significant difference between family background and student factor. The implication of this is that the student’s family background contributes greatly to the student’s level of truancy. Hence, the null hypothesis was rejected. Based on the findings, some recommendations were made towards the reducing the level of truancy among secondary school students.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">51-62</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sirpa Kärkkäinen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HOW DO ANIMALS SPEND THE WINTER? A FINNISH STUDY ON THE USE OF VEE HEURISTICS IN A BIOLOGY UNIT FOR EIGHTH GRADERS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biology education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">environmental education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">secondary school</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">winter ecology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/457-1413729111.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">47</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The purpose of this study was to describe the eighth graders’ (N=92) biology learning process and the use of Vee heuristics in six Finnish secondary school classes (age 13-14 years). The teaching unit “How do animals spend the winter?” had an inquiry-based approach by using Vee heuristics. Part of the learning took place in the local Science museum. In this study, Vee heuristics consisted of ten questions related to three different phases; the planning, implementation and evaluation phases. In the planning phase, pupils were interested in animals’ nutrition and external features. In the evaluation phase, pupils made broader generalizations about animals’ behavioural and structural adaptations to winter. They compared, contrasted and evaluated the environmental effects on the ways in which animals have adapted to winter and highlighted the biotic elements in the winter ecosystem. In the planning phase, pupils had multiple goals in their value claims and they reported a sense of independence and dedication during the learning process. Results indicate that Vee heuristics could be considered to be a tool for improving the learning process in pupils. In biology it encouraged learning for understanding, engagement, enjoyment, independence and self-efficacy.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">69-90</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ayodeji  Olasunkanmi Abari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mubashir  Olayiwola  Babatunde Mohammed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Idowu  Olufunke  Oyetola</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ORGANIZATIONAL IDENTITY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN SOUTH WEST NIGERIA</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">organizational identity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">school effectiveness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">secondary school</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/457-1408531800.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">40</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The study investigated the relationship between Organizational Identity and Public and Private Senior Secondary School Effectiveness in South West Nigeria. To put the study on course, three hypotheses were formulated. In the same vein, three separate instruments were designed and constructed to collect pertinent data namely the School Identity Questionnaire (SIQ), the School Effectiveness Questionnaire (SEQ) and Performance Records of Students in West African Senior Secondary Certificate Examination (WASSCE). While the first instrument measured identity, the other two simultaneously measured effectiveness. There was a total sample of 2,400 students from 120 sample schools at 20 students per 20 schools in each of the six South West States – Ekiti, Lagos, Ogun, Ondo, Osun and Oyo. Also, a total of 120 principals participated in the study. The Questionnaires were subjected to content and construct validity as well as split-half reliability test. The reliability coefficient for the SIQ was found to be 0.86 and for the SEQ was 0.90. The data were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistical analysis employing the Pearson’s Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient Analysis to test Hypotheses 1and 2, and the Analysis of Variance to test Hypothesis 3. Results of the analysis indicate that there is no significant relationship between organizational identity and school effectiveness in the two categories of schools separately, public and private. However, a significant relationship was found to exist between organizational identity and school effectiveness in private schools only when WASSCE Results were used as a measure of effectiveness. Results also show that a significant difference exists in organizational identity and school effectiveness between public and private senior secondary schools irrespective of the instrument used in measuring effectiveness. Recommendations were then made, in the light of the results, among which are that some degree of autonomy should be given to senior secondary schools for them to grow and develop their identity and effectiveness and, that the identity and effectiveness should regularly be monitored and measured for school improvement purposes. 
 
</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7-16</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria  de los Ángeles  Fanaro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria  Rita  Otero</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marcelo   Arlego</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A PROPOSAL TO TEACH LIGHT IN A UNIFIED FRAMEWORK USING THE FEYNMAN METHOD</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feynman method</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">quantum mechanics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">secondary school</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/457-1413728945.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">47</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The goal of this proposal is to teach the basic aspects of light from the point of view of quantum mechanics at high school level. To this end, we have adapted Feynman´s Path Integral Method of Quantum Mechanics. This is a continuation of previous works where we considered the quantum behaviour of matter. The situations were to promote the conceptualization of the electron as a quantum system, the probabilistic function and the transition quantum–classic. Now, the goal is to build a new proposal to teach the behaviour of the light from an actual vision and from a unified model: the quantum mechanics, from the reconstruction of a reference that also uses the approach Path Integrals of Richard Feynman. It is adapted for secondary school students using vectors and sums, and it is inserted in a problems context about the light. Careful and accurate language is used, avoiding terms like photon or expressions like particles of light or wave-particle duality, because these ideas could present obstacles to understanding key aspects of quantum theory. This proposal is an alternative to avoid historical approaches commonly used so far and it is being implemented in two groups of students in secondary school (15-16 years old).</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27-39</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jiří  Břehovský</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Petr  Emanovský</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ON USAGE OF INDUCTIVE APPROACH IN MATHEMATICAL TEXTBOOKS AT SECONDARY SCHOOL</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mathematical education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mathematical textbook</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">secondary school</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July/2011</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/457-1406540074.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">31</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quality of mathematical education is very actual didactic issue at present. One possibility how to increase it is a use of unconvencional experimentally inductive approach. The appropriate textbook then can be a useful helper for teacher who intends to apply this approach. There are given an analysis of the usage of inductive and deductive approach in mathematical textbooks here. The research was focused on the content of mathematics textbooks for secondary school, on their interpretative and exercise text components, respectively. The main interest was to explore the representation of inductive and deductive methods in interpretation of the mathematics textbooks and to measure the content of the exercises whose student's solution requires the use of heuristic approaches. The results of the analysis show that each author prefers a different approach to interpretation which is used in the writing of textbooks. Interpretative means most contained in all the textbooks are a direct interpretation with the motivation (34.4%), a direct interpretation without motivation (31%) and an indirect interpretation with the motivation (24.5%). Inductive and deductive interpretative means are only rarely represented in all the textbooks. The highest rate was registred in the case of task using interpretation with the motivation (7%).</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">33-44</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Petr  Emanovský</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jiří  Břehovský</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ON EFFECTIVITY OF INDUCTIVE METHODS IN MATHEMATICAL EDUCATION AT SECONDARY SCHOOL</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mathematical education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pedagogical research</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">secondary school</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2010</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/457-1400515143.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effectivity and quality of mathematical education at secondary school is always very actual didactic topic. One way how to increase them is using unconvencional experimentally inductive methods. There are described the methods as well as process and results of research conected with this problem there. The aim of the research was to check possibilities of using of modern unconvencional methods for more effective mathematical education at secondary school. The inductive methods are compared with the traditional ones when students get completed knowledge without any derivation or proof. Using Students t-test and F-test were verified two hypotheses. The first hypothesis that the experimentally inductive approach and methods in mathematical education at secondary school are more effective and interesting for students than the traditional methods was validated. The second hypothesis which supposed longer persistence of knowledge obtained by the inductive methods was not validated.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">25-32</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Renata Bilbokaitė</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VISUALIZATION IN SCIENCE EDUCATION: THE RESULTS OF PILOT RESEARCH IN GRADE 10</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">science education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">secondary school</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">visualization in science</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November/2009</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/457-1396706997.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The modern visualization is created to help in education processes and is oriented to the evaluation of knowledge. It is very important for science education to have perfectly prepared aids that could show invisible phenomena and could foster deeper motivation. The more images there are in education process the better pupils understand and realize information. This article encloses that visualization was popular in biology lessons and in physics, but teachers did not use computer based visualization and students did not use concept mapping in chemistry classes. Students had similar conditions to learn science in grade 10 and their opinion is generalised in the article. </style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">23-29</style></section></record></records></xml>