<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Petro Myasoid</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONCEPTS OF PUTIN’S BIOGRAPHY: ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biography analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">narrative analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychological approach</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Putin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">putinism</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://journals.indexcopernicus.com/search/article?articleId=4751103</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The study presents the findings of research into the biographies of Vladimir Putin written by various authors, employing a narrative analysis of the texts. Cognitive-linguistic structures are identified that reveal the authors’ underlying concepts. Specifically, the concept of the expediency of Putin’s actions by F. Short, the concept of Putin’s identities by F. Hill and C. G. Gaddy, and the concept of Putin's traumatic childhood experience by K. Kurczab-Redlich are examined. The study incorporates data from a broad range of scholars on Putinism. It is noted that Short’s concept serves as a justification for Russia's aggressive policies, with his interpretations of Putin’s life events and political actions closely mirroring the explanations offered by Kremlin ideologists. Hill and Gaddy view Putin’s identities as reflections of Russian history, politics, and culture, regarding the system he has created as a corporation designed to pursue a strategy of revenge. Kurczab-Redlich, on the other hand, highlights the traumatic circumstances of Putin’s childhood, portraying him as a cynical and ruthless individual involved in criminal activities, including bombings of residential buildings, political poisonings, and murders. Each of these concepts excludes certain factors: Short’s theory disregards the historical context of Putin’s actions, Hill and Gaddy’s theory omits psychological factors, and Kurczab-Redlich’s approach overlooks historical and political influences. The article also explores the potential for analyzing Putin’s biography through the lens of the historical psychology theory of prominent Ukrainian scholar Volodymyr Romenets.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">53-63</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONTENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century, ISSN 2029-8587 Vol. 19-1, 2025
ISSN 2029-8587 (Print) ISSN 2538-7197 (Online)</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terence Watts</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Julie Watts</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dennis Relojo-Howell</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CORRECTION ON UNCOVERING BRAINWORKING RECURSIVE THERAPY: A COMPREHENSIVE EXAMINATION OF SUBCONSCIOUS RESPONSE MECHANISMS AND THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">erratum</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://journals.indexcopernicus.com/search/article?articleId=4751120</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erratum for “ Watts, T., Watts, J., &amp; Relojo-Howell, D. (2023). Uncovering brainworking recursive therapy: A comprehensive examination of subconscious response mechanisms and therapeutic applications. Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century, 17(1), 57–65. https://doi.org/10.33225/ppc/23.17.57”.   </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">75-76</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVER</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cover page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century, ISSN 2029-8587 Vol. 19-1, 2025
ISSN 2029-8587 (Print) ISSN 2538-7197 (Online)</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-2</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Annarumma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Davide Saggese</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EMBODIED POSTURE MODULATES AFFECTIVE STATES AND WORKING MEMORY EFFICIENCY</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">embodiment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">feelings</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">posture</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">power</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">working memory</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://journals.indexcopernicus.com/search/article?articleId=4751096</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This pilot study examined whether brief changes in bodily posture can modulate affective states and influence working memory efficiency. For this aim, fifty-one healthy adults were randomly assigned to adopt either an expansive high-power or contractive low-power posture and completed a series of measures designed to assess both subjective and cognitive responses. After collecting demographic and behavioral covariates, participants completed baseline ratings of perceived power, happiness, energy, and a 2-back task. They then maintained the assigned posture for two minutes and subsequently completed the same affective ratings and an experimental 2-back task. Results showed that expansive posture increased perceived power and energy relative to the contractive posture, while no differences emerged for happiness. In addition, performance on the n-back task indicated that participants in the expansive condition exhibited higher accuracy and faster reaction times compared to those in the contractive condition. Although modest, these effects suggest that bodily configuration can influence both affective appraisal and the efficiency of executive operations, and the findings provide preliminary evidence for a link between posture, subjective experience, and working memory performance, highlighting promising directions for future research on embodied cognitive modulation.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7-21</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">END</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">end page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century, ISSN 2029-8587 Vol. 19-1, 2025
ISSN 2029-8587 (Print) ISSN 2538-7197 (Online)</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">77-80</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yurii Dudnyk</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE IMPACT OF EXTREME WAR CONDITIONS ON THE PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">extreme conditions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mental health</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">student age</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">war in Ukraine</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://journals.indexcopernicus.com/search/article?articleId=4751100</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">War as an extreme socio-psychological situation exerts a profound impact on mental health and personality development, particularly among young adults and university students. The aim of this study is to provide a theoretical analysis of the effects of wartime conditions on psychological well-being in early adulthood, as well as to examine psycho-emotional manifestations associated with traumatic experiences. The study outlines the key psychological consequences of war for the population, including increased anxiety, depressive states, fear for one’s life, social isolation, and related stress reactions. The concept of the student age is defined as a distinctive developmental stage characterized by significant changes in the spiritual and value-oriented spheres, the search for one’s place in the world, the formation of a personal worldview and value system, the awareness of one’s identity and uniqueness, and processes of personal and professional self-determination. Particular attention is devoted to the impact of extreme wartime conditions on students’ psycho-emotional state, which manifests in elevated stress levels, emotional burnout, a tendency toward harmful habits, and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. The study emphasizes the importance of theoretical reflection on these processes for understanding the mechanisms of personality formation under crisis conditions and highlights the need to develop comprehensive systems of psychological support for university students, including mental health prevention programs and interventions aimed at mitigating the negative effects of war on personal development.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">46-52</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sergii Boltivets</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PSYCHOGENICITY OF RADIATION THREATS IN POPULATION BEHAVIOR MODELS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">addictive practices</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Russian military invasion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Russian war against Ukraine</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://journals.indexcopernicus.com/search/article?articleId=4751095</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Russian war against Ukraine, which since 2014 has been holding back the offensive of Russian troops against the countries of the European Union on its territory, is a source of both physical and mental threats to the existence of humanity as a result of Russia's nuclear aggression. Does this belong to the problems of psychology of the present and future centuries? Based on the subject of psychological knowledge, to which psychologists have included the soul, consciousness, experience, and behavior of all living beings on planet Earth over the past century, the sensitive guardianship of life is the purpose of the mental. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4-6</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yolanda   Zografova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ekaterina Dimitrova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Julian Haralampiev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SOCIOPSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS FOR PARTICIPATION IN COLLECTIVE PROTEST ACTIONS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">attitudes towards protest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">collective protest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">political system</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social identity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">trust/ distrust</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://journals.indexcopernicus.com/search/article?articleId=4751105</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This qualitative study examines the key factors that influence how Bulgarian citizens participate in different forms of protest. The socio-political context in the country is marked by polarization between social groups, which is associated with the potential for civil protests, conflicts, and clashes. The study analyzes the impact of social identity and group affiliation, attitudes toward protests, and distrust in the political system and politicians. Based on content analysis of 40 semi-structured interviews conducted with respondents from small, medium, and large cities in Bulgaria, significant trends emerge in both the experiences and beliefs related to participation in civil protests. An original model of the interrelations between the studied constructs is proposed, along with recommendations for future research steps in this relatively underexplored protest phenomenology in Bulgaria.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">64-74</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sergii Boltivets</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE UKRAINIAN GENESIS OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY IN THE RESISTANCE TO RUSSIAN AGGRESSION</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">development methodology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feofan Prokopovich</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Georgy Konysky</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grigory Skovoroda</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">happiness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martin Seligman</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mongoloids and Europeans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">positive psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">preservation of human life</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">preservation of life</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Russian bombings and shelling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Russian genocide of Ukrainians</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">security</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sources of hope</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">well-being</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://journals.indexcopernicus.com/search/article?articleId=4751097</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The article presents the methodology for the development of positive psychology among established branches of psychological knowledge. Three main questions of methodology are considered: the first question is to determine what is included in the subject of positive psychology and what remains outside it. The second question is about the ratio of the volume of what is covered by the subject of positive psychology compared to what remains outside it. The answers to the third question are to find out how functional, and therefore self-sufficient for preserving life, the formation of positive psychology is in the conditions of the Russian genocide of Ukrainians in Ukraine: what are the sources of hope for the preservation of human life in the conditions of constant nightly Russian bombing of homes of families with children, daytime artillery shelling, rapes, hangings, drownings, burnings, injuries, shootings of the Ukrainian population in their own homes and during attempts to evacuate from the territories occupied by the Russians. Based on the search for answers to these three methodological questions, the article focuses on the ideas and positions of one of the founders of positive psychology in the USA, Martin Seligman. The article poses the dilemma of coexistence: &quot;Can one species have well-being and happiness against the background or at the expense of other life on our planet?&quot; It is noted that, unlike the European cultural process, psychological thought in Ukraine over the past millennium has developed in a wave-like manner, being directly dependent on the degree of protection or aggressiveness of the geocultural environment structured by various state formations that tried to conquer Ukraine by military means combined with other means of genocide and assimilation. The prototype of the theory of positive psychology is the theory of emotions, created in 1706-1710 by Feofan Prokopovich, which was set out in the fifth book of the textbook &quot;On the Art of Rhetoric&quot; under the title &quot;On the Interpretation of the Affects of the Soul.&quot; Answers to the question of human happiness were developed by Georgy Konysky, Hryhoriy Skovoroda’s teacher at the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy in his theory of happiness, and by Hryhoriy Skovoroda himself. The article argues that the inevitable conflict between acquisition and creation, plunder and preservation of the results of one’s labor, murder of people and protection of their lives determines the current war between the Mongoloid race, which is concentrated in Russia, and the Europeans, to which Ukrainians and their state Ukraine belong, which has always taken the first blow from the time of the Golden Horde to the present day. At each of these stages of the development of human civilization, which was accompanied by wars, murders, and plunder, the preservation of life was determined by the hope for its preservation and a better future, and therefore – for security, well-being, and happiness. All this determines the ground on which positive psychology arises with its faith and justification of human creative abilities in order to improve existing relationships, living conditions, and happiness.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22-32</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarah Margarita Chávez-Valdez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esparza-Del Villar, O. A.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WIDESPREAD FEAR, PTSD AND AVOIDANCE BEHAVIORS: MEXICAN YOUTH COLLECTIVE INEFFICACY OUTCOMES OF COVID-19 POST-PANDEMIC</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">coping behaviors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mexican youth</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Northern</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PTSD criteria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social effectiveness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">widespread fear of COVID-19</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://journals.indexcopernicus.com/search/article?articleId=4751099</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The first cases of COVID-19 in Mexico were detected on February 27, 2020. At that time, the government established a three-phase action plan to reduce the virus's spread among the population. This study aims to determine the association between widespread fear of COVID-19, physiological and affective coping strategies, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) criteria such as discomfort, negative cognitions, intrusions, and avoidance. These factors are seen as mediating elements associated with collective ineffectiveness in a sample of young people from northern Mexico after the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional, empirical, descriptive, and correlational study was conducted. Results indicate that most participants exhibited widespread fear of COVID-19, which correlated with avoidance, hyperarousal, intrusive thoughts, and negative cognition and mood symptoms consistent with DSM-5 criteria for PTSD. In the majority of the sample, collective efficacy responses were associated with affective and physiological coping strategies, suggesting these were the primary coping mechanisms employed. Maladaptive behavioral coping strategies were moderately associated with an improvement in collective inefficacy, while negative cognition and mood were linked to a decrease in collective efficacy. Behavioral outcomes were also moderately related to negative affective responses and somatization, characteristic of widespread fear of COVID-19. Objective uncertainties such as risk perception associated with avoidance coping strategies, which hinder social effectiveness, were found, and no planned cognitive coping actions were significant in the sample, a key factor related in the literature to promote healthier states and better community relationships.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">33-45</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6th INTERNATIONAL BALTIC SYMPOSIUM ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BalticSTE2025</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Baltic Symposium</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">science education</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2023/444-1735655784.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6th INTERNATIONAL BALTIC SYMPOSIUM ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION
(BalticSTE2025)
„SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION: EXPECTATIONS AND EXPERIENCES“
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">44-47</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONTENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2023/444-1735655193.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century, ISSN 2029-8587 Vol. 18-1, 2024
ISSN 2029-8587 (Print) ISSN 2538-7197 (Online)</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVER</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cover page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2023/444-1735655170.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century, ISSN 2029-8587 Vol. 18-1, 2024
ISSN 2029-8587 (Print) ISSN 2538-7197 (Online)</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-2</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anastasia Kitiashvili</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DROPOUT DYNAMICS AND POST-DROPOUT TRAJECTORIES IN VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING: ROLE OF ATTITUDES, SOCIAL IDENTITY AND WELL-BEING</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dropout from VET</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">educational barriers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social identity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">students' attitudes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vocational Education and Training (VET)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">well-being</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2023/444-1735655626.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This study explores the dynamics of dropout and post-dropout trajectories of young people in vocational education and training (VET), focusing on attitudes, social identity, and well-being. It studied whether students were pushed away from the educational institution because of school-related issues, pulled due to other commitments, or disengaged. Besides, it explored students' post-dropout paths, such as pursuing higher qualifications (upward dropout), changing their educational program (horizontal dropout), or leaving the education system altogether (downward dropout). The methodology involved survey research with 300 former VET students selected through convenience sampling and nine focus groups. The average dropout duration was 5.4 months, with lower socioeconomic status linked to shorter dropout periods. Institutional factors were the primary drivers of dropping-out over which students had limited influence. Students often made uninformed decisions about dropout. &quot;Downward dropout&quot; was prominent, especially among socioeconomically disadvantaged students, often leading them to unemployment or low-skilled employment. Many young people expressed interest in continuing VET programs, while some opted for higher education or employment. Less than 1/5th had no plans, increasing the risk of becoming NEETs (Not in Education, Employment, or Training) who need support. Social identity and attitudes towards VET and Higher Education (HE)were significant predictors of an upward post-dropout trajectory. The most positive attitudes and the highest well-being rates were observed in the group that continued their studies in VET. These findings underscore the importance of developing evidence-based interventions to assist young people in navigating vocational education pathways.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">26-41</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">END</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">end page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2023/444-1735655817.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century, ISSN 2029-8587 Vol. 18-1, 2024
ISSN 2029-8587 (Print) ISSN 2538-7197 (Online)</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">48</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Annarumma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Camilla Ruggia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Francesca Soldivieri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silvia Truono</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON THE MISOPHONIC SYNDROME IN ITALY: TRIGGER SOUNDS AND FREQUENCY</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">misophonia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">strategic psychotherapy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">survey research</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">trigger sounds</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2023/444-1735655442.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following research project aims at increasing knowledge and understanding of the misophonic disorder as well as detecting the most frequently occurring trigger sounds through the examination of a sample of university students. This first fundamental step allows to outline the scope of intervention for a subsequent identification of the most effective psycho-pedagogical protocols.
The survey was conducted on a sample of 992 students from the University of Salerno, who were asked to take the Duke Misophonia Questionnaire. In order to identify the main trigger stimuli present, an examination was made of the first item, which features a list of sounds that can potentially spark context-inappropriate reactions. Additional answers provided by participants in the “Other” section of the same item were also investigated, with the purpose of identifying additional recurring trigger sounds that were not included in the proposed list.
The study found that at least one trigger sound could be observed in over half of the sample. Furthermore, the main activating stimuli that emerged from the analysis of the collected data related not only to chewing but also to mouth sounds other than chewing, as well as to repetitive and nasal sounds.
Such surveys are instrumental for research on misophonia as, building on this preliminary investigation, further in-depth studies could be carried out in order to see which strategies misophonic subjects spontaneously implement to deal with discomfort, find out which of these strategies work and which do not, and finally identify which neuroscience-oriented strategic psychotherapy techniques might be most effective in treating misophonic symptoms. 
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7-18</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sergii Boltivets</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PSYCHOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF MORAL DAMAGE CAUSED BY THE RUSSIAN WAR</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">European nations</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mental dysfunctions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychological consequences</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Russian war against Ukraine</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2023/444-1735655342.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The modern Russian war is the embodiment of the idea of Pan-Mongolism: Europe will be destroyed by a new, Orthodox horde, which is the scourge of God for the sins of the West, because Russia's special path is Eurasian, designed to destroy the West and create its empire from Vladivostok to Lisbon. This is the embodiment of the ancient Russian dream in its significant personifications of the Great Russians, Muscovites and other self-named misanthropes through the destruction of Europe. Ukraine became the first country on the path of total destruction of European nations. The armed realization of this Russian dream was initiated by the attack of the Russian Federation on Ukraine by the landing of Russian troops on the Crimean Peninsula on February 20, 2014. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4-6</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sergii Boltivets</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mykhailo Stepyko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lyudmyla Uralova</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RUSSIAN GENOCIDE OF THE UKRAINIAN POPULATION: TOGETHERNESS DEFIES DEATH</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">anticipation of death</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hostilities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">neurotic disorders</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phases of distress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">preservation of health and life</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rethinking of values</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Russian artillery fire</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Russian bombings</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Russian genocide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Russian war</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ukrainian citizens</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2023/444-1735655567.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The article highlights the current consequences of the Russian war against Ukraine and Europe for the life of the surviving citizens of Ukraine, their well-being and health, as well as the impact of the Russian war on the viability of the countries of the European continent. Summarized data of the study of neurotic disorders in people who are waiting for death, and therefore under the influence of the most difficult experiences, are given. The most severe phases of distress caused by the approach of Russian bombers to a person's place of residence, the beginning of Russian artillery shelling of a residential building, volleys of Russian rocket systems &quot;Grad&quot;, &quot;Uragan&quot;, &quot;Solntsepek&quot;, the fall of a Russian ballistic or cruise missile, the impact of a Russian drone with explosives were revealed. It was noted that, in general, neurotic disorders associated with the expectation of death arise and worsen in connection with Russian hostilities, terrorist acts, which lead to forced migration, which unfolds a picture of spontaneous reactions to social insecurity, disruption of life activities and, as a result, social maladaptation of refugees. Mental trauma is acquired through bombings, loss of loved ones, or being in harsh conditions where people suffered physically or psychologically, for example, being in the basements of houses under Russian artillery fire for many weeks, without food, water, linen, clothing and medicine. A comparison is made with the pandemic period of COVID-19, when Ukrainians were affected by the coronavirus pandemic, the result of which is the increase in the sense of unity among the citizens of Ukraine who remained alive more than twice. The war led to a significant rethinking of values and encouraged a greater appreciation of what a person has. This reduced the level of expectations and claims regarding the satisfaction of their needs. Despite negative emotions, the vast majority of people assess their mental state as basically normal, which does not require professional correction. Collective identity is an important protective feature of society, which exists only because a large number of people firmly believe that other people in similar circumstances will think and act as they do. In this case, the ideal of preserving health and life thanks to mutual understanding and joint efforts becomes the most achievable even under the conditions of the Russian genocide of the Ukrainian population.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19-25</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elnur Rustamov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matanat Aliyeva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ulviyya Nahmatova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Narinj Rustamova</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ADAPTING THE ILLINOIS BULLYING SCALE INTO AZERBAIJANI: EXPLORING THE CONNECTION BETWEEN BULLYING, PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS, AND WELLBEING</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">bullying scale</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mental wellbeing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychological distress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">scale adaptation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2023/444-1703344396.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bullying is a significant concern in the realm of psycho-social issues today. This study aimed to adapt the Illinois Bullying Scale for use with Azerbaijani adolescents and explore the relationships between bullying, psychological distress, and well-being. The study involved 3,320 Azerbaijani teenagers, comprising 1,882 females and 1,488 males. Various statistical techniques were applied during the adaptation process to assess the measurement's psychometric properties. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to determine its factor structure, concurrent validity was assessed, and reliability analyses were conducted. Mediation analysis was employed to investigate the links between bullying, psychological distress, and well-being. The results from confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the questionnaire, consisting of 18 questions, had a three-dimensional structure and demonstrated a good fit. Additionally, the study found positive relationships between bullying, victimization, fighting, and psychological distress, while these were negatively associated with well-being. Importantly, the findings highlighted that psychological distress acted as a mediator in the impact of bullying sub-dimensions on well-being. Collectively, these results suggest that the Azerbaijani adaptation of the Illinois Bullying Scale exhibits favorable psychometric qualities. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">24-34</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONTENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2023/444-1703344129.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century, ISSN 2029-8587 Vol. 17-1, 2023
ISSN 2029-8587 (Print) ISSN 2538-7197 (Online)</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVER</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cover page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2023/444-1703344107.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century, ISSN 2029-8587 Vol. 17-1, 2023
ISSN 2029-8587 (Print) ISSN 2538-7197 (Online)</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-2</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Annarumma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Anna Formisano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ines Tedesco</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EDUCATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND WORK-RELATED STRESS: AN EXPLORATORY INVESTIGATION ON SCHOOL MANAGER</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">educational leadership</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">school management</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">school manager</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">work-related stress</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2023/444-1703344337.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Contemporary studies highlight how chronic stress influences a person's state of health and psycho-physical well-being. A high allostatic load, resulting from chronic hyperactivation of the stress system, contributes to several negative consequences for individual health status in the long term.
The study showed that the stressful and problematic situations of managerial work are numerous and that they radically influence individual psychophysical well-being both in the professional context and in private life. Greater attention to the evaluative dimension of managers' discomfort is useful and functional, in order to promote improvement actions that concretely constitute an opportunity to reflect on the &quot;managerial practices&quot; adopted that can create workplace discomfort.
This study has led to the need to promote good practices for the prevention of mental health and the activation of coping strategies and protection systems.
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9-23</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">END</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">end page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2023/444-1703344633.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century, ISSN 2029-8587 Vol. 17-1, 2023
ISSN 2029-8587 (Print) ISSN 2538-7197 (Online)</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">66-68</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sergii Boltivets</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE PSYCHOLOGY OF THE RUSSIAN GENOCIDE: TOTAL DESTRUCTION OF THE DEFENSELESS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">historical responsibility</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Russian crimes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Russian invaders</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ukrainian people</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2023/444-1703344244.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The military destruction of children and youth in Ukraine is foreseen both by the declared goals of Russia's war against the Ukrainian state and the Ukrainian people, in which the entire collective &quot;West&quot; is personified, and by the practice of its conduct. The named goals of denazification and demilitarization denote the Russian understanding of the destruction of any non-Russian people whose marker is the Russian language (denazification) by military suppression of its resistance (demilitarization). The Russian idea that Russia ends where the Russian language ends means, in practice, that the borders of Russia do not end anywhere, since the Russian invaders are nomads in all the spaces of Eurasia available to them, where they are occasionally lucky not to receive decisive military resistance.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4-8</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Panagiota Tragantzopoulou</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vaitsa Giannouli</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE ON HIV AND NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL FUNCTIONING IN OLDER ADULTS: IS MORE RESEARCH NEEDED?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">executive functions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HIV</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">memory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">neuropsychological function</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">older adults</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2023/444-1703344520.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The increase in the number of ageing people living with HIV and the documented neurocognitive impairments have highlighted the need to illuminate the existing findings and evaluate the impact that HIV has on older individuals.
A review of the evidence for neuropsychological declines in memory, executive functions, attention and language in people aged 60 years or more was conducted. The databases MEDLINE, PsychINFO and Pubmed were searched for eligible studies based on keywords. 
Eight studies of low to high quality that looked at HIV+ older adults (≥ 60) were identified. The majority of older HIV+ adults experienced severe declines in all the cognitive domains under study. There were mixed results regarding the association among advancing age, functioning decline and HIV. Comparisons between HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected older adults showed that HIV+ subjects demonstrate higher scores of cognitive decline in memory, attention, language and executive functions. Further, comparisons among HIV+ adults, demographically matched individuals with mild cognitive impairment of the Alzheimer's type and healthy controls demonstrated that both disease groups perform worse, but the Alzheimer’s type group reports a greater decline in memory and language.
Neuropsychological functioning in HIV+ adults presents great decline but studies on this population are limited. As individuals with HIV are increasingly living longer, studies should pay attention to these individuals and examine predictors of neuropsychological decline in the face of well-controlled interventions and treatments.
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">47-56</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stanislava   Stoyanova</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TEST ANXIETY AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS AND UNIVERSITY STUDENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">secondary school students</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">test anxiety</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">university students</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2023/444-1703344454.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The present study aims at comparing test anxiety among secondary school students and university students to reveal if the interventions for reducing test anxiety should be focused more on secondary school students who do not have enough skills for emotional management. The Bulgarian version of the Westside Test Anxiety Scale was used among 60 junior high school/middle school students, 30 high school students and 90 university students. It was found that test anxiety diminished with age advance. Higher test anxiety was manifested during the school/academic year than at the beginning of the school year. The interventions for reducing test anxiety should be focused mainly on overcoming negative thoughts, and negative self-talk during exams, and worry about own performance after the exam.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">35-46</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terence Watts</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Julie Watts</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dennis Relojo-Howell</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UNCOVERING BRAINWORKING RECURSIVE THERAPY: A COMPREHENSIVE EXAMINATION OF SUBCONSCIOUS RESPONSE MECHANISMS AND THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">comparative efficacy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">digital mental health</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">evidence-based research</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">neuroscience</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2023/444-1703344588.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This study provides a comprehensive examination of BrainWorking Recursive Therapy (BWRT), an innovative psychotherapeutic approach that leverages insights from neuroscience and consciousness studies. The study traces BWRT's theoretical foundations in research on neurological processes and the &quot;cognitive gap&quot; between stimulus and response. It outlines BWRT's evolution into a structured therapy model with demonstrated effectiveness for trauma, anxiety, depression, and other conditions. The narrative highlights BWRT's adaptability, aligning with digital mental health trends and interdisciplinary research directions. While critiquing limitations like lack of longitudinal data, the article situates BWRT as a promising science-based therapy warranting ongoing empirical scrutiny and innovation. BWRT was developed by drawing on concepts like the triune brain and findings on subconscious neural activity. The therapy focuses on targeting automatic response patterns mediated by the reptilian complex. BWRT has faced scepticism during its evolution but continues to gain recognition through evidence-based research. Further studies on long-term outcomes and comparative efficacy can help consolidate BWRT's position as an innovative psychotherapy model. Ongoing advances in neurotechnology present new opportunities for enhancing BWRT methodologies and expanding its applications.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">57-65</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valentyna Кyrylenko</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFE AND PROFESSIONAL STRATEGIES</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">helping professions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">life strategies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">personal development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">professional development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">professional strategies</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2023/444-1675274128.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The implementation of the research goal, which was to determine the main functional characteristics of a person's life and professional strategy, was carried out on the basis of the analysis of the results of his own research. The article substantiates the essence of the concept of &quot;life strategies&quot;, &quot;professional strategies&quot; based on the analysis of scientific psychological literature. On the basis of the author's own research, a characterization of the professional strategies inherent in people of different age periods was carried out. In the structure of the characteristics, the following parameters were selected: the age of education seekers, the form of education, the strategy of choosing a profession and an educational institution, the presence of a profession and the presence of professional experience. Based on the analysis of the results of the author's research, the following characteristics were identified: the ability to adapt to the conditions of the profession and life, stress resistance, readiness for professional development, readiness to achieve professional success, professional activity, professional mobility, attitude to the profession as the implementation of a life plan. Combinations of these features made it possible to distinguish professional strategies: a strategy of cooperation, a strategy of professional creativity, a strategy of professional development and professional health.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">72-78</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oleksandr Bashynskyi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CLINICAL DIFFERENCES IN MANIFESTATIONS OF SELF-DESTRUCTIVE BEHAVIOR IN PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS </style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">clinical cases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">schizophrenia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">schizophrenia spectrum psychotic disorders</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">self-destructive behavior</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2022/444-1657475315.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manifestations of self-destructive behavior (SDB) differ in patients with schizophrenia spectrum psychotic disorders and our study aims to identify these differences through the demonstration of clinical cases. The purpose of the study is to explore clinical differences in manifestations of self-destructive behavior in patients with schizophrenia spectrum psychotic disorders. The study involved 95 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The patients were divided into two groups. The first group (Gr1 PermSDB) included 40 patients (42% of the total number of subjects) with psychiatric disorders, who expressed a constant presence of manifestations of self-destructive behavior throughout the whole disease period or during more than half of this period (both according to the patients and to the medical records). The second group (Gr2 ImpSDB) included 55 patients (58% of the total number of subjects), where the manifestations of self-destructive behavior appeared only at the height of exacerbation of psychopathological symptoms, and this caused the acts of impulsive self-harm. Looking at the examples, we see a difference in motivational statements in different groups of patients: in Gr2, the main factor that motivated patients to harm themselves was the exacerbation of psychotic symptoms. At the same time, the main factors influencing the self-harm in Gr1 were personal experiences related to psychological problems</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11-19</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONTENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2022/444-1657475153.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Contents, Vol. 16, No. 1, 2022, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONTENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2023/444-1675273786.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century, ISSN 2029-8587 Vol. 16-2, 2022
ISSN 2029-8587 (Print) ISSN 2538-7197 (Online)</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">55</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVER</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cover page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2022/444-1657475111.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cover page, Vol. 16, No. 1, 2022, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-2</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVER</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cover</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2023/444-1675273755.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century, ISSN 2029-8587 Vol. 16-2, 2022
ISSN 2029-8587 (Print) ISSN 2538-7197 (Online)</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">53-54</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">END</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">end page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2022/444-1657475508.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">End page, Vol. 16, No. 1, 2022, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">49-52</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">END</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">end page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2023/444-1675274278.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century, ISSN 2029-8587 Vol. 16-2, 2022
ISSN 2029-8587 (Print) ISSN 2538-7197 (Online)</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">86-96</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inna Boychenko</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FEATURES OF THE ESTABLISHMENT OF SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSISTANCE TO THE UKRAINIAN POPULATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF OPPOSING THE AGGRESSOR</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">future psychologist</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">personal-professional qualities and attributes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">professional self-identity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychological-methodical support</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">socio-psychological assistance</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2023/444-1675274028.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The purpose of the study is to determine the socio-psychological factors influencing the effectiveness of social-psychological assistance to the Ukrainian population in wartime conditions and their possible approbation as the use of relevant experience to ensure effective professional training of future psychologists in higher educational institutions. Research tasks: 1) determination of the social and psychological needs of the war-affected population of Ukraine; 2) determination of the level of social and psychological provision of assistance to victims; 3) determination of the conditions and means of ensuring the development of social and psychological assistance to the affected population.
To solve the research task – to determine the level, conditions and means of ensuring the development of socio-psychological assistance to the affected population, the following research methods were used: theoretical analysis, synthesis and applied research using standardized methods.
The state of readiness of Ukrainian psychologists to provide appropriate assistance to the population, development of the necessary psychological and methodological materials was analyzed. The peculiarities of psychological assistance to the injured are highlighted using the example of one of the first psychologists who developed a methodical guide aimed at the psychological and mental rehabilitation of injured Ukrainians. Emphasis is placed on psychological diagnosis and individual and group psychocorrection, psychotherapy (primary psychological assistance to displaced persons, assessment of the severity of the impact of a traumatic event, self-assessment of the level of depression in psychological diagnosis, short psychotherapy in an individual and complex multi-directional approach to getting out of a traumatized state in group work with displaced persons) and the importance of the positive influence on the development of this assistance of the relevant personal and professional qualities and properties of future psychologists.
In order to identify the conditions and means of ensuring the development of socio-psychological assistance to the affected population, a number of methods were used in the study: 1) &quot;Self-esteem&quot; test (by S.A. Budassi); 2) Method &quot;Self-assessment of mental state: well-being, general activity, mood (SAN)&quot; (authors: V.A. Doskin, N.A. Lavrentyeva, V.B. Sharay, M.P. Miroshnikov); 3) &quot;Scale of reactive and personal anxiety&quot; (developed by C.D. Spielberger, adapted by Y.L. Khanin); 4) &quot;Professional identity study methodology (MVPI) (author L.B. Schneider).
178 students of the III-IV courses of the Institute of Pedagogy and Psychology of the National Pedagogical University named after M.P. Drahomanov and 5th courses of the Faculty of Psychology named after T.G. Shevchenko and the Faculty of English of the National Linguistic University.
From the analysis of the conducted methods, it was found that the researched future psychologists, who are oriented to practical activities under the guidance of mentors, have inadequately inflated self-esteem, an average level of cognitive activity, and an average level of anxiety during training, which correlates with an insufficient level of development of their professional self-identity. This indicates an inadequately inflated self-esteem, insufficient self-determination, inadequate self-satisfaction, self-expression, and insufficient self-regulation of the subjects during training.
Therefore, it is necessary to pay special attention to creating conditions, finding means to increase opportunities for future psychologists to achieve a conscious, positive professional identity at the stage of educational and professional training, as this is an important basis for the effective formation of their professional identity in the future, as future reliable qualified specialists, the professional level of which will meet public demands, the needs of psychological assistance to victims of the war in the country.
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">58-71</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dennis Relojo-Howell</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HOW TO BE A DIGITALLY SAVVY RESEARCHER</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">academic community</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">higher education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">professional online presence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">research dissemination</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2022/444-1657475245.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">It is easier than ever for researchers to disseminate and report their findings once the job of collecting data and formulating a conclusion is complete. The process of research, scholarship, and publication is central to higher education (Mason et al., 2021). However, the existing model of research dissemination is far from adequate, as it does not meet the demands of the more competitive side of academia; journal publications and conference participation are no longer sufficient to build and establish professional reputations (Relojo-Howell, 2021a). Both your academic colleagues and the broader lay audience of those seeking to learn more about your specific area of study now have significantly more tools at their disposal to find the information they are looking for. As a result, researchers need to work harder at establishing themselves as respected professionals in their respective fields through a broader range of networking activities, including creating an online presence where their work can be found quickly and efficiently.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4-10</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stanislava   Stoyanova</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE IMPACT OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF PROBLEMS EXPERIENCED DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON INDIVIDUAL LIFE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Covid-19 pandemic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">economic problems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">family problems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">health-related problems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">political problems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychological problems</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2023/444-1675274210.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Covid-19 pandemic caused many problems in human life. Estimation if different types of problems were interrelated and if some types of problems were more frequent than others revealed that the health-related problems were subjectively assessed by 524 Bulgarians as the most influential ones during the COVID-19 pandemic, followed by the diminishing order of influence of economic, psychological, family, and political problems. These different types of problems were all interrelated with each other and the presence of one type of problem was accompanied by all the other problems. This finding means that the efforts for handling some specific problems should be concentrated at the same time on a constellation of problems. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">79-85</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zachary M. Rosenthal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Annarumma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Francesco Sessa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iris Consalvo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valerio De Masi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luana Pagano</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MISOPHONIA: SYMPTOMS, COMORBIDITIES AND PERSPECTIVES OF INTERVENTION. FROM THEORY APPROACH TO INTEGRATED CLINICAL PRACTICE RESEARCH</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">behavioural response</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">comorbidity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">differential diagnosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">emotional response</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hearing disorders</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">misophonia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychoeducational tools</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychological disorders</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychotherapeutic techniques</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2022/444-1657475465.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Recent scientific studies have noted that misophonia is a complex neurophysiological and behavioural syndrome characterised by high physiological and emotional reactivity, resulting from an intolerance to specific auditory stimuli. People with this distress have emotional and behavioural responses, excessive in relation to the auditory stimulus that provokes them; in fact, these people may have outbursts of anger, severe anxiety crises, and even panic attacks. One of the questions that the first studies of this syndrome have asked was what link occurred between misophonia and certain psychological disorders such as anxiety, depression, and personality disorders. Another important research objective was to examine the differential diagnosis between misophonia and hearing disorders such as tinnitus. In view of the current literature on misophonia, it has become important to define the comorbidity and differential diagnosis of misophonia with other disorders. The next step is, through further research on clinical cases, to define the most effective psychotherapeutic techniques on misophonic symptoms, and the psychoeducational tools needed to intervene in family systems with misophonic patients.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">36-48</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vaitsa Giannouli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nikolaos Syrmos</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A PROPOSAL FOR SHAKEN BABY SYNDROME PREVENTION PROGRAMS: DO MORE PLAYERS SUCH AS NEUROPSYCHOLOGISTS AND NEUROSURGEONS NEED TO COLLABORATE IN ORDER TO PREVENT THIS PHENOMENON?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">clinical features</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">healthcare professionals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pediatric neurosurgeons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">violent behaviors</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2023/444-1675273941.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">More specifically, these two groups (neuropsychologists and neurosurgeons) are of extreme importance for such intervention programs, as they are those professionals who specialize on the dangers of specific parent behaviors-actions on infant-child brain/physical health, as well as on the cognitive and psychological consequences of parents’ behaviors. Thus, these professionals are those who know firsthand what information is crucial to be given to parents (current and/or future) through education programs, and can target, for example, at parents of newborn infants and how they may better understand how anger management and other violent behaviors (intentional and/or unintentional) can have medical and psychological consequences both for their children and themselves. Especially, parents have to understand how learning and behavior are related to brain development, and how the normal course of this development is affected by what they do or what they do not do.  </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">56-57</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anastasia Kitiashvili</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tamar Abashidze</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Irine Zhvania</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TO BE YOUNG, ALIENATED AND UNEMPLOYED: SOCIAL IDENTITY, ATTITUDES AND WELL-BEING OF GEORGIA’S NEET YOUTH</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">attitudes towards education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">attitudes towards employment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NEET youth</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social identity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">well-being</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2022/444-1657475382.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Education and employment are essential factors for social inclusion of young people in society, so it is important to study young people who are neither in education or in employment (called NEETs) to determine how they deal with their social status and their mechanisms to integrate into society.
This study examines how negatively or positively NEET young people perceive their social status, how NEET status affects young people's attitudes, social identity, or well-being, and whether young people try to escape from the status of NEET. The survey was conducted with 380 young people and in-depth interviews with 12 people.
Research shows that the social status of NEET is neither desirable nor appreciated.  NEETs are associated with diminished well-being mainly because of their lower life satisfaction. NEET youth scores lower than the general population in life satisfaction, although they have similar level of self-esteem. Research has shown that NEET youth use psychological mechanisms, such as identifying with a positively assessed group, to help young people maintain high self-esteem or use strategies to escape from the NEETs group, get a job, or continue their education. The following factors positively contribute to the desire to leave the NEET group: self-esteem is the most important motivator, followed by social identity, attitudes towards education and employment, and family economic status.
 The high NEET rate in Georgia suggests that NEETs youth should be a particular target group for interventions to enable their ‘activation’ to integrate into society. 
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20-35</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONTENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1625553717.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Contents, Vol. 15, No. 1, 2021, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONTENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1640853446.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Contents, Vol. 15, No. 2, 2021, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">47</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVER</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cover page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1640853400.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cover page, Vol. 15, No. 2, 2021, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">45-46</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVER PAGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cover</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1625553650.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cover page, Vol. 15, No. 1, 2021, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-2</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">END</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">end page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1640854047.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">End page, Vol. 15, No. 2, 2021, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">104-108</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">END PAGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">end page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1625554323.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">End page, Vol. 15, No. 1, 2021, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">39-44</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lúcia Ramiro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marta Reis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Margarida Gaspar de Matos</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FACTORS ASSOCIATED TO UNHEALTHY SEXUAL BEHAVIOURS AMONG PORTUGUESE ADOLESCENTS: 2018 HBSC STUDY</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Portuguese adolescents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sexual intercourse</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">substance use</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">unhealthy sexual behaviour</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1640853842.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Practicing sexual intercourse (SI) under the influence of alcohol or drugs has been identified as an unhealthy sexual behaviour. The sample consisted of 5695 adolescents, of which 46.1% were males, with a mean age of 15 years old. The measures consisted of asking the adolescent if he or she had ever had SI, age of 1st SI, condom use at last SI, SI under the influence of alcohol or drugs and HIV testing. Most adolescents reported having never had SI (77.0%). Among those who responded affirmatively, they referred having had their 1st SI at 15 years old. A significant minority reported not having used condom at last SI (34.1%) and having had SI under the influence of alcohol or drugs (14.5%). It was noticeable that males, adolescents with high SES, those who reported not having used condom at last SI, those not having been HIV tested, those who consider themselves fat, smoke daily, and scored lower in emotional sensitivity and quality of life were those who were more likely to have reported having had SI under the influence of alcohol or drugs. Adolescents who reported having had SI under the influence of alcohol or drugs have multiple risk behaviours. These results may account for important changes in educational and health policies, directed towards the development of personal and social skills, the importance of adolescents’ quality of life and the activation of all the support structures where adolescents are involved and that are somewhat responsible for promoting a healthy lifestyle. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">73-81</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anastasia Kitiashvili</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tamar Makharadze</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FINANCIAL AND SOCIAL CHALLENGES FACING PENSIONERS LIVING ALONE BELOW THE POVERTY LINE DURING THE COVID-19 PERIOD: THE CASE OF GEORGIA</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Covid-19</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pensioners living alone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social isolation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">under poverty line</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1640853768.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Restrictions, physical distancing and lockdown imposed during Covid-19 are associated with many challenges such as financial shortages and lack of social relationships, which have been particularly damaging for vulnerable groups dependent on others. 
This research aims to study financial and social challenges faced by one of the vulnerable social groups-pensioners living alone below the poverty line during the covid-19 period in four Georgia municipalities (Bolnisi, Dmanisi, Tianeti and Kaspi) in July-August 2020. The survey was conducted with 475 respondents (confidence level 95, interval 4), but 11 questionnaires were discarded due to technical deficiencies. 
The analysis was performed on 464 data. The study used available sampling where gender (strata) representation was maintained.  78.6% were female and 21.14% male. 
Overall, the elderly is a fairly vulnerable group in municipalities and across the country. The biggest problem during the pandemic period was a lack of financial resources. The study participants' primary income source is social assistance and various pensions; Thus, the elderly people are financially dependent on state aid. 
The elderly have limited social relationships; They rarely interact with neighbors, much less with relatives, and even less with friends. The elderly rarely go to the city or village center either. Limited social networking and activities affect the mental health of the elderly. Such a situation is especially noteworthy in a pandemic. There is a positive correlation between limited access to technologies and lack of financial resources that plays a vital role in social relationships among the elderly; Those elderly who cannot afford access to computer/internet and telephone reported higher isolation levels.
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">61-72</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vladimir Karapetyan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FUNCTIONS OF ALGORITHMIC THINKING IN THE PROCESS OF DEMONSTRATING CHESS SKILLS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">algorithmic-logical thinking</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">educational subject</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pictorial thinking</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1640853576.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Technological upgrades, progressive scientific and technical developments are a direct reflection of the challenges of the 21st century, the overcoming of which implies a review of the content of education and the results obtained from it, aimed at developing a creative, self-planning, results’ predicting personalities. The acquisition of the mentioned qualities is ensured by the introduction of a chess game in the educational process, the purpose of which is not only to learn chess, but also to develop cognitive, emotional qualities at young age (Karapetyan &amp; Misakyan, 2020), action prediction, thinking quality, decision-making quality, performing analytical actions (Kasparov, 2007).</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">48-52</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marta Reis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lúcia Ramiro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Margarida Gaspar de Matos</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE IMPACT OF INTERVENTION PROGRAM ON HEALTH BEHAVIOURS AND SOCIOEMOTIONAL SKILLS AMONG PORTUGUESE COLLEGE STUDENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">health promotion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">healthy universities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">personal and socio-emotional skills</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Portugal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">university students’ training</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1640853925.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Health promotion is defined as the process of enabling people to increase control over and to enhance their health. It focuses on individual behaviors towards a wide range of interventions on social and environmental determinants of health and other health related aspects of life (WHO, 2015; 2017). Thus, health promotion implies the need to promote and empower people with resources and skills towards health and well-being (Saboga-Nunes, et al., 2019). The literature reports a negative variation in the lifestyle of university students, and simultaneously demonstrates a significant percentage of university students with a set of emotional, relational, anxiety and stress management difficulties (WHO, 2021, 2018). The need to curb behavioral tendencies harmful to the health of young university students comes justify the need for health promotion in the context of these institutions. This study aimed at analyzing the impact of university students' training, in the area of health promotion and of personal and socio-emotional skills. Participated 286 students. The results show that in addition to the skills worked during the training, the students’ well-being and health also improved at the end of the training. The variables that evidenced to be the most important for the university students’ health promotion were that they finished the training with more self-esteem, resilience, psychological well-being, self-efficacy, happiness and less instability and alienation. Regarding the pre and post evaluation comparisons about skills, importance and usefulness of HBSC/JUnP training, it was observed that both knowledge about health aspects and personal and socio-emotional skills, namely the resilience, self-regulation and problem-solving strategies had a strong positive impact on promoting the health and well-being of students. Higher education institutions present themselves as enhancers of public health, contributing to the students make healthy choices.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">82-93</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sergii Boltivets</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olga Okhremenko</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">INDIRECT WITNESSES OF TERRORIST ACTS: PSYCHOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF INTIMIDATION</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">indirect witnesses</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">induced behavior</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">optimal algorithms</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychological measures</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">terrorist attack</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1640853665.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The victimhood of indirect witnesses of terrorist acts, which includes both the audience of the media and the population as a whole, is a complex socio-psychological phenomenon. The reasons victimizations are changes in the system of internal regulation of behavior, namely contradictions between the basic beliefs of people and the real consequences of terrorist acts, which are subjectively perceived as an unexpected, uncertain threat to existence (both objective and subjective), the irreparability of what can happen. Among the indirect witnesses were singled three response styles: slightly negative assessment, partial justification of the perpetrators of a terrorist act, negative emotional assessment with expressed anxiety. 
The most significant consequences of the psychological impact of terrorist acts on the media audience and the general population should be considered: the contradiction between the basic ideas of people and the reality demonstrated by the media: the subjective and objective unexpectedness of a terrorist act; incorrigibility of the offense.
Shown, that psychological countermeasures should be based on the information component aimed at preventing inappropriate reactions, especially in the first days after the terrorist act, development and demonstration of optimal algorithms of behavior, prevent recourse to unconscious or subconscious impulses that violate basic illusions existence.
With the presence of drivers that trigger patterns of victim-induced behavior, the media can provoke in the general population a massive loss of social and personal identity, meaning of life, prospects, to form a complex of inferiority, to induce certain adverse behaviors. The most significant consequences of the psychological impact of terrorist acts on the audience of the media and the general population should be considered the contradiction between the basic ideas of people (activate the images of death, destruction, horror of nothingness, which subconsciously everyone has. These &quot;forms of the unspoken&quot; violate three basic illusions of existence: the illusion of one's own immortality, the illusion of justice, the illusion of the hidden meaning of life) and the reality published by the media, which is subjectively perceived as a threat to existence; subjective and objective unexpectedness of a terrorist act; incorrigibility of the committed. Psychological measures to combat victimization should be based on the dominance of the information component of counteraction aimed at preventing dangerous reactions, especially in the first hours after the commission of a terrorist act, the development and demonstration of optimal behavioral algorithms.
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">53-60</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iveta Smane</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guna Svence</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PARENTS’ SELF-COMPASSION AND THEIR PERCEPTIONS OF CHILD REARING PRACTICES</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">perceptions of child rearing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychological well-being</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">self-compassion</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1640853998.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The issue of parents’ psychological well-being, parents’ ability to recognize their physical and emotional resources, ability to avoid exhaustion of those resources has become increasingly important. In this context parents’ self-compassion could be psychological resource for parents to implement positive parenting approaches and encourage positive contact with the child. The aim of this research was to examine whether there is an association between parents’ self-compassion and their perceptions of child rearing practices. Data were collected from 203 respondents in 2019. The results showed a statistically significant positive correlation (rs= .268 p &lt; .01) between self-compassion and the Positive parenting indicators; statistically significant negative correlation (rs= -.214 p &lt; .01) between self-compassion and Psychological control; statistically significant negative correlation (rs= -.192, p &lt; .01) between self-compassion and Physical control.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">94-103</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sergii Boltivets</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PAVLIV SESSION CONTINUES: ANNIVERSARY OF SEVEN DECADES FOR PSYCHOLOGY </style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">combating opponents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mental strength</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">physiological processes</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1625553928.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seven decades have passed since the &quot;Scientific Session on the Problems of the Physiological Teachings of Academician IP Pavlov&quot; from June 28 to July 4, 1950. Its main direction was the assertion of the leading role of the cerebral cortex with the subordination of all physiological processes reflected in the conditioned reflexes defined by IP Pavlov. JV Stalin's interference in the session is reflected in his comment: &quot;In my opinion, the greatest damage to Pavlov's teachings was caused by Academician Orbeli… The sooner Orbeli is exposed and the more thoroughly his monopoly is eliminated, the better. Beritov and Stern are not so dangerous, because they oppose Pavlov openly and thus facilitate the reprisal of science over these artisan artisans… Now something about the tactics of combating opponents of the theory of Academician Pavlov. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4-6</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sefa Bulut</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ali Cissy Usman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PSYCHOBIOGRAPHY: UNDERSTANDING CONCEPTS, STEPS, AND PROCEDURES IN THE STUDY OF LIVES</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">life history research</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychobiography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">qualitative methods in psychology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1625554012.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The process of applying psychological theories to examine the biographical and autobiographical data of famous individuals is what is termed “psychobiography”. Since its inception in the early sixteenth century, this qualitative type of research method has had a fairly storied history in the Western world. This study provides a clear picture of psychobiographical research by defining terms and phrases that are used in relation to psychobiographical research. It also covered its historical antecedent and steps and procedures that are necessary for undertaking psychobiographical research. The steps presented here stemmed from a broad phase in qualitative research and analysis. In practice, however, psychobiographies do not always adhere to systematic formats, but some key decisions and guidelines must be followed in order to ensure the trustworthiness of the study's findings. Thus, the research mainly aims at introducing psychobiography, and life history research to the reader. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7-17</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manna Dey</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dennis Relojo-Howell</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF STUDIES RELATING TO THE PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING OF DOCTORS AND ALLIED HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">community psychology; COVID-19</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">healthcare professionals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychological well-being; systematic review</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1625554099.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Doctors and other allied healthcare professionals are constantly exposed to stressful situations that can undoubtedly negatively affect their psychological well-being. This precarious situation has been further exacerbated due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to explore the mental stress and trauma among doctors, in light of the pandemic. A number of relevant studies (quantitative, qualitative, mixed methods, and case studies) have been gathered to present a global trajectory of the responses of the doctors in the pandemic, and, as a consequence how this has impacted their psychological well-being. Collated findings suggest a need for a more nuanced and global approach, which is necessary towards addressing the immediate and long-lasting effects of the pandemic within the medical community. This study also provides a theoretical framework that can be used to design psychological interventions which can target the healthcare profession.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18-25</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guna Svence</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eva Gajdasova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ala Petrulyte</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lūcija Kalnina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lāsma Lagzdina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ieva Pakse</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TEACHERS' SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL HEALTH INDICATORS IN THE DISTANCE LEARNING SITUATION DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">emotional burnout</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teachers SEH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">work engagement</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1625554254.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">There were 3 countries which participated in Erasmus+ project „Supporting teachers to face the challenge of distance teaching” (2020-1-LV01-KA226-SCH-094599) during last year. The aim of the project was to develop a well-functioning digital support system for teachers, promoting socio-emotional health and resilience.
The main aim of this research was to outline a research problem on teacher well-being factors in three countries during the Covid-19 pandemic, when teachers worked remotely, and to further explore the problem in a focus group in Latvia. The following is a description of the study that was carried out in Latvia on the problems of teachers' social and emotional health factors during distance learning in 2020-2021. The study in Latvia took place in parallel with the study in Slovakia and Lithuania. This article describes the first part of the study in Latvia.
One of the tasks of the study was to identify the factors that predicted teachers’ social and emotional health (SEH-T), to determine the relationships between teacher SEH, emotional burnout and teacher engagement in work indicators, and to perform a linguistic and psychometric adaptation of the teacher SEH-T (Social-emotional Health Survey – Teachers, Furlong and Gajdosova, 2019). Latvian teachers from different schools in Latvia participated in this study. Respondents completed three surveys: Teachers SEH-T (Social- emotional Health Survey – Teachers, Furlong and Gajdosova, 2018), Engaged Teachers Scale (ETS; Klassen, Yerdelen &amp; Durksen, 2013) and the K. Maslach Burnout Survey – General Survey (MBI– GS, Maslach, Jackson &amp; Leiter, 1996; Caune, 2004). The results showed that the translation of teachers' SEH-T survey into Latvian language had good internal coherence of articles, the article discrimination index indicator was statically significant, and the reaction index was within the normal range. Teachers SEH is positively predicted by teacher engagement indicators. Demographic and emotional burnout rates do not predict teachers' SEH-T scores. The results showed that there were statistically significant positive correlations between teacher SEH-T, teacher engagement, and emotional burnout rates. There were statistically significant negative correlations between teachers' SEH-T indicators, teacher involvement and emotional burnout indicators.
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">26-38</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ieva Pakse</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guna Svence</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ADAPTATION OF FLOURISHING AS POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY CONCEPT IN LATVIA</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">flourishing characteristics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">measuring instruments</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">positive psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">well-being</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2020/444-1608225439.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The aim of the study is to adapt linguistically and psychometrically the construct of flourishing and to compare four most popular measuring instruments by looking at their psychometric validity indicators and examining in more details the flourishing level of randomized sample in Latvia (N=312). As this construct was not adapted in Latvia jet, it is a new concept both – in terms of content and psychometry. Therefore, the tasks of research were more related to the study of the construct’s own content by comparing most popular flourishing measuring instruments, their internal consistency, analyzing the convergent validity of measuring instruments, and studying of the relationships between various demographic indicators and the level of flourishing. The research results confirm that flourishing scores of all four measuring instruments mutually correlate, that suggests cross compliance of all four instruments. Demographic indicators as education and occupation are the only ones which are mathematically plausible, but only at trend level correlate with flourishing characteristics. The data adapted in the study and psychometrically tested methodologies can be used in the practice of psychologists and in other studies in the future. The discussion raised the question of why neither gender nor age correlate with flourishing, that contradicts other similar studies in the word.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">113-122</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Annarumma</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BEYOND CORONAVIRUS: NATURE, TECHNOLOGY AND HUMAN IDENTITY</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coronavirus pandemic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">human identity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">technological developments</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://journals.indexcopernicus.com/search/article?articleId=2539622</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The great catastrophes of humanity – be it the plague of 1347 or that of 1629, the Spanish flu of 1918, the tsunami of 2004, the Coronavirus of 2020 – are all showing that, despite scientific progress or the arrogance of the &quot;Promethean syndrome&quot;, the human being is constantly in danger. Violently and unexpectedly dropped in an atypical situation, which has subverted values and annihilated ancient certainties, we keep convincing ourselves that nothing will be the same. We try to hypothesize scenarios, outline reference frames, look ahead to the future. Probably, after the first months of austerity, of virtuous assertions about moral commitments to restore the frugality of customs as well as considerations about the sense of death and destiny, we will be carried away by the joy of having survived and we just would like to forget what happened. We will be rejecting the memory of suffering, bereavement, hospitals and intensive care. We will try to forget painful traces and go back to saying yes to life.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4-6</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONTENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2020/444-1592896168.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Contents, Vol. 14, No. 1, 2020, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONTENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2020/444-1608225147.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Contents, Vol. 14, No. 2, 2020, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">83</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVER PAGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cover page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2020/444-1608284842.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cover page, Vol. 14, No. 2, 2020, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">81-82</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVER PAGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cover page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2020/444-1592896120.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cover page, Vol. 14, No. 1, 2020, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-2</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stanislava   Stoyanova</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW RUMINATION SCALE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dysfunctional impulsivity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rumination measurement</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">scale development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">time orientation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2020/444-1608225594.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A new Brief Rumination Scale was constructed to measure rumination as repetitive thoughts about negative past events and regrets. Its good psychometric properties were established in a heterogeneous Bulgarian sample of 1274 healthy individuals – one-factor structure, high enough internal consistency, proven convergent, discriminant and intentional validity. It was found that rumination decreased with past positive time orientation and present hedonistic time orientation. Rumination increased with past negative time orientation and proneness to dysfunctional impulsivity. Regarding social differences in rumination, it was found that the participants whose income was above the medium (but not the highest one) and who were living in cities with more than 50,000 inhabitants were more prone to moderate rumination than expected – they emphasized on unfavorable events in their past and expressed regret about more omitted opportunities in their life. A brief, valid and reliable measure of rumination would shorten the process of conducting a study and would make it more probable the subjects to agree to participate in the study in this way enriching the scientific knowledge.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">135-147</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">END PAGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">end page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2020/444-1592896921.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">End page, Vol. 14, No. 1, 2020, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">75-80</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">END PAGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">end page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2020/444-1608225668.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">End page, Vol. 14, No. 2, 2020, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">148-152</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tea Panchulidze</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ketevan Makashvili</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FEAR-BASED OBSERVATIONS OF JUVENILE OFFENDERS TOWARDS ACHIEVEMENT DEMANDS IN SCHOOL SITUATIONS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">emotional functioning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">juvenile offenders</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">penal system</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">projective techniques</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">school fears</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2020/444-1608225523.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Little research has been done on the issue of fear and anxiety as critical motivators in an individual’s behavior as a juvenile in detention. This research studies adolescents who are serving sentences in juvenile detention centers and study at penitentiary schools, based on E. Hussliein’s projective method “School Fear Test” (School Angs Test or SAT).  The data, through studied school situations, is obtained in a method free from conscious protection and organized according to the form and intensity of the subjects' fears and their fear-inducing stimuli. The case study involves a comparison of 50 male juveniles aged 14-18, half of whom were incarcerated, with the other half randomly chosen from a pool of boys who have never been incarnated.
The research studies specific emotional-motivational characteristics emanating from the subjects’ school perceptions to assess the behavioral risks related to mental health and the internal psychological problems of juvenile offenders. The obtained data revealed that while there is a higher rate of physical manifestation of fear, there is a lower rate of future-oriented fear. This combination of affective and emotional traits makes adolescents more likely to engage in careless behaviors, which increases their risk of delinquency. Also, for imprisoned juveniles, a teacher’s personality is the most potent catalyst for inducing fear through demanding achievement in school situations. This data is important for educational settings and schools in penitentiary institutions to understand better the role of a teacher and their use of resources to prevent antisocial behavior and recidivism in adolescents.
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">123-134</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Annarumma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Felice Corona</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FROM FRAGMENTED CERTAINTY TO POST COVID PARADIGM: RESILIENT MODALITIES BASED ON GROUP INTERACTION SUPPORTED BY TECHNOLOGIES</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">collaborative activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">post covid paradigm</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">resilient modalities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">theoretical analysis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2020/444-1608225214.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">It is no longer the age of good practices and certainties, of well-made projects and great ideologies but it is the age of dynamic, creative and flexible strategies. In the midst of the crisis, we have acquired at least one certainty: No one saves himself alone. Reluctantly we understand that it is not a question of being strong or weak, “winning” or “losing”, but that we exist through this existential fragility that allows us to affirm our belonging to the community. 
The objective of this theoretical analysis is based on the analysis of the relationship between resilience and collaborative activity based on technologies. This analysis highlights that resilient action is activated thanks to the collaboration between the actors of the exceptional event that through technology redefine environmental boundaries, generating a resilient informal context.
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">87-92</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iveta Ādamsone</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nataļja Gudakovska</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guna Svence</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IMPLICIT THEORIES OF INTELLIGENCE AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT: REVIEW OF TWO STUDIES IN LATVIA</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">academic achievement</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">academic self-efficacy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">gender differences</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">growth and fixed mindset</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">intelligence theories</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">school students</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://journals.indexcopernicus.com/search/article?articleId=2539625</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Growth mindset has become popular in the field of psychology and education all around the world. In the Baltic States this concept is relatively new. This research compiles results of two different studies that, for the first time in the Baltic States, analyse the concept of “implicit theories of intelligence” (ITI) and its factors – growth and fixed mindset, and investigate the relations between ITI and academic achievement of students. Data of two different samples of secondary school adolescents is used.  Sample 1 consisted of students (N1=258) aged between 14 and 18, 134 females (M=15.13; SD=1.29) and 124 males (M=15.40; SD=1.20) studying in 7th-12th grade in two Latvian schools. Sample 2 consisted of students (N2=165), 80 females and 85 males, aged between 15 and 19 (M=16.75; SD=.90) studying in 10th-12th grade in five Latvian schools. Measures: The Revised Implicit Theories of Intelligence Scale, The Implicit Theories of Intelligence Scale for Children, and The College Academic Self-Efficacy Scale. The results of the study in Sample 1 (N1=258) showed significant positive relations between growth mindset and academic achievement, and gender specific difference in views of intelligence. The results of the study in Sample 2 (N2=165) identified positive relations between ITI and students’ achievement in Mathematics. The regression analysis (N2=165) showed that ITI predict academic achievement in Mathematics at a significant level. The findings suggest discrepancies with the previous studies. The construct needs to be explored further. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7-17</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inna Boychenko</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE INFLUENCE OF MENTORING ON THE PROFESSIONAL SELF-IDENTITY FORMATION OF A PSYCHOLOGIST</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">future psychologist</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">professional identity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">professional self-identification</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">professional self-identity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2020/444-1608225291.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The purpose of the study was to determine the features of the professional self-identity in future psychologists in terms of educational and professional training. The objectives of the study were: 1) to identify theoretical approaches to the problem of professional identity and self-identity in terms of professional training; 2) to research the features of self-identity in the course of a professional choice by students-psychologists and their educational and professional adaptation. To solve the particular research problem: 1) the features of self-identity in the course of professional choice by students-psychologists and their educational-professional adaptation are defined; 2) questionnaire was developed for identification of the features of students-psychologists’ awareness of their professional choice and adaptation to professional training and the need for professionally significant qualities. To identify the features of the professional self-identity of future psychologists in the study of a number of methods were: 1) &quot;Methods of studying professional identity (MVPI) (author LB Schneider); 2) questionnaire &quot;Professional choice and educational-professional adaptation of future psychologists&quot; (author IS Boychenko). 178 students of III-IV courses of the Pedagogical and Psychological Institute of the National Pedagogical University named after MP Drahomanov and 5-th courses of the psychological faculty named after T.G. Shevchenko and the Faculty of English of the National Linguistic University took part in the survey. The analysis of the conducted methods revealed that the predominant types of professional choice awareness by students-psychologists in the course of their educational and professional activity are the moratorium on professional identity, premature professional identity and diffusion of professional identity. The reasons for this state of the students may be unconscious or insufficiently conscious choice of profession by the latter as well as insufficient professional support of these students by psychologists. 
The acquisition of professional self-identity by future psychologists takes place: (I) in a group during the educational process (lectures, practical group classes, educational and psychological practice, attempts at one's own psychological practice), (II) individually, and (III) under the guidance of a mentor. In the course of these psychological practices, especially during their own attempts at practice, future psychologists begin to form an idea of their professional functions. This is an important prerequisite for the formation of their professional identity. According to the results of the research of the students-psychologists with achieved positive professional identity, the types of practical activities can include psychological (attempts at personal practice) and educational-psychological practice (according to the curriculum), that is mastering the profession through training in HEI and beyond, satisfaction of professional needs. The perspective of the research is the problem of conformity of the professional self-identity formation of future psychologists to the social requirements and the availability of conditions to ensure their professional development during educational activities and beyond.
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">93-101</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sergii Boltivets</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MAINTAINING CHILDREN'S MENTAL HEALTH IN THE RISKS OF THE 21st CENTURY</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mental health</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychological barriers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social world</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2020/444-1608225099.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Among the threats and dangers of the future, our duty to the younger and future generations is to develop the instincts, feelings and self-preservation of children and young people, who by their very birth suffer from inventions, conflicts and crises inherited by all previous older generations. The dominants of future self-preservation are in the mental development of children and youth, the main of which we consider mental abilities, development of feelings and especially - a sense of empathy for all living things, as well as - the imagination of every child and young person. her own life and the lives of others.
Our common methodology should be to understand that the social world is not simplified, but complicated, and we have a duty to prepare our children and young people to solve these complications.
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">84-86</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luca Ceraolo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ploj Virtič, M.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE PROBLEM OF VALUES IN PSYCHIATRY: A CONTRIBUTION OF PHILOSOPHY TO MEDICAL EDUCATION</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">medical education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">medical ethics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">philosophy of science</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">science education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">value-ladenness in psychiatry</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2020/444-1608225369.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Even though medical ethics has recently become a rather prominent area in healthcare, there are still institutions in some European countries where mentally ill patients are treated inhumanely. In order to help abolish such institutions, it is fundamental to further emphasize human ethics and ensure that it is duly taken into account – where necessary – medical education. A deep philosophical analysis of how we can improve medical education through appropriate modern approaches has been done. Prior research has shown that implementing what we call a holistic model grounded on interdisciplinarity into higher education significantly improves and deepens the level of knowledge. Basing on the importance of educational constructivism and the integration of history and philosophy of science in science education, there is a potential to improve medical education. The research aims to present a philosophical and historical reflection on psychiatry and to provide the guidelines to improve medical education. In particular, it is discussed the problem of value-ladenness in psychiatry from two different perspectives. The first, developed by the contemporary philosopher Rachel Cooper, points out how this commitment to values not only generates questions regarding the definition and the characterization of mental disorders, but also influences the epistemology of psychiatry in empirical research and methods. The second regards the more continental-influenced philosophical thought of the Italian psychiatrist Franco Basaglia, who succeeded in changing the educational and therapeutic practices in the relationship between health workers and patient. The concept of “meeting” is fundamental to translate Basaglia’s suggestions in new guidelines for contemporary medical education. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">102-112</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tetiana Kononovych</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Petro Myasoid</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PROSPECTS THEORY AND INDIVIDUAL STYLE OF ECONOMIC DECISION-MAKING</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">behavioral economics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cognitive systems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">decision-making style</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">prospects theory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">single case study</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://journals.indexcopernicus.com/search/article?articleId=2539640</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The purpose of the research was to test the prospects theory of Nobel Prize winner in economics D. Kahneman and A. Tversky, which describes the heuristics of economic decision-making, to the adoption of a decision by a concrete person. The method of the study is the Single Case Study, which is the most basic form of case-oriented research. The empirical material was obtained using the Melbourne decision-making questionnaire. The presence of cognitive biases in the decision-making process was determined based on the framing effect. Many methods were used to test the decision-making style of the research participant N and the components of intellectual-personal potential determined. It shows that there are deviations in the process of concrete economic decision making, which are not the result of heuristics, characterized by D. Kahneman and A. Tversky. The decision of the research participant is based on the rational style of this process and the analytical system of reasoning. There is an interaction between cognitive systems 1 and 2 with the evident dominance of the latter. This system blocks cognitive biases and ensures the achievement of results. At the same time, there is an influence from the properties of the intellectual-personal potential of the research participant, such as rationality, intolerance to un-certainty, emotional intelligence. In conclusion, the prospects theory explains the decision-making process in the case study, but the &quot;systematic errors&quot; which D. Kahneman and A. Tversky speak about are not observed. Therefore, there is an opportunity to continue studying the role of individuality in economic behavior.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">54-63</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Annarumma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luigi Vitale</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Francesco Sessa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ines Tedesco</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE REORGANIZATION OF THE FAMILY SYSTEM AT THE TIME OF COVID-19: EDUCATIONAL RESILIENCE AND ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGIES</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">assistive technologies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">educational resilience</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">emotional literacy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">family system</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">health emergency</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychotherapy</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://journals.indexcopernicus.com/search/article?articleId=2539628</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In the life cycle of family systems, transition periods are important stages for the maturation of the individual and his family as it allows the reorganization of relational arrangements. The health emergency of recent months makes it necessary for us to reflect on resilience education, to cultivate more authentic educational relationships and to react to stressful and problematic situations with greater self-effectiveness. If rigid family systems risk of causing communicative and relational diseases, investing in emotional literacy and empathy means providing adults and children with the tools to deal with the painful situations, that are inevitably part of everyday life, to share negative experiences and bring out the inner resources. In this perspective, technologies play a significant role in the media, both because they are a bridge between the family context and the external social network, and because they potentially allow more inclusive and flexible learning-teaching processes. A meticulous analysis of assistive technologies is thus necessary in order to call for a reconfiguration of information flows, spatial-temporal arrangements, methodologies and tools that are to be reconfigured ad habitus of the new individual and social educational needs.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18-26</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sergii Boltivets</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oleksandr Bashynskyi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olha Zahariichuk</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA, DELUSIONS OF CONTROL, MANIFESTATIONS OF SELF-DESTRUCTIVE BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL MALFUNCTIONING WHO HOSPITALIZED FORCIBLY AND VOLUNTARILY</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">compulsorily hospitalized patients</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">delusional ideas</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">life quality</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">medical and social rehabilitation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">schizophrenia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">self-destructive behavior</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social maladaptation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://journals.indexcopernicus.com/search/article?articleId=2539631</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The aim of the research was to explore the socio-demographic characteristics of patients with schizophrenia with delusional ideas of influence, manifestations of self-destructive behavior, and social dysfunction, who are hospitalized both forcibly and voluntarily. The study involved 155 patients diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia. The patients were divided into two groups: the main group of 80 patients and the comparison group of 75 persons. The socio-demographic data obtained for the groups were processed using clinical-psychopathological, psychodiagnostic, and statistical methods. From the analysis it was noted that compulsorily hospitalized patients with schizophrenia showed fairly high levels of violence and victimization.  Patients in the compulsorily hospitalized group had a higher severity of manifestations of self-destructive behavior and of delusional ideas of influence with fantastic content. Also, there was a difference in the level of social dysfunction between the two groups. The results will be used in the development of the program of medical and social rehabilitation of the studied contingent of patients.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27-38</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mehboob Ul Hassan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rafaqat Ali Akbar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TRACING THE EFFECTS OF STUDENTS’ CENTERED TEACHERS’ PEDAGOGICAL APPROACHES ON LEARNERS’ EDUCATIONAL GAINS: CASE OF PUBLIC SECTOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">brainstorming</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cooperative teaching</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">inquiry base</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">learners’ educational gains</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">problem solving</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://journals.indexcopernicus.com/search/article?articleId=2539635</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Applications of teachers’ pedagogical approaches for learners’ educational gains have been remained one of the educational debates since ago. Teachers transfer chunk of information among students through implementing techniques to strengthen teaching learning process. Relevance of ground-breaking instructional strategies put concrete effect on students’ entire academic success. Present quantitative research was conducted to explore the effect of teachers’ usage of students’ centered teachers’ pedagogical approaches on students’ educational gains. Researchers adopted ex-post-fact research design on sample of 800 respondents; 400 urban and 400 rural students randomly selected from public sector secondary schools of District Kasur Punjab-Province of Pakistan. Data were collected by administering self-constructed questionnaire mode of 5-point Likert type options. Validity of the instrument was confirmed from experts and Cronbach’s Alpha was applied to ensure instrument’s reliability scores; .864. Learners’ educational gains of science and arts students were obtained from gazette of Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Lahore. Results of independent sample t-test and regression analysis ascertained that teachers’ centered students’ pedagogical approaches effect 58% on learners’ educational gains whereas brainstorming 43%, inquiry 57%, problem solving 54% and cooperative technique effect 50% on learners’ educational gains. Science teachers were making more use of brainstorming, inquiry, problem solving, and cooperative teaching as compared to arts teachers. Study recommends that Govt. may train heads of the institutions on students’ centered teachers’ pedagogical approaches and bound them to implement with true spirit and vigor through teachers to overcome science and specially arts students’ declining level of educational gains; stakeholders’ cause for concern. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">39-53</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmed Saeed Yahya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shakil Khawaja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jude Chukwuma</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UNDERSTANDING SCHIZOPHRENIA, UNIFYING THE PHENOMENOLOGICAL AND COGNITIVE SCIENCES APPROACHES</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cognitive science</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">early intervention in Schizophrenia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">prodromal symptoms in Schizophrenia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychiatric practice</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">unification of symptom clusters in Schizophrenia</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://journals.indexcopernicus.com/search/article?articleId=2539643</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Both philosophy and cognitive science have made valuable contributions towards accounting for the aetiology of Schizophrenia, an illness that possesses a disparate assortment of symptoms. However, there is no firm agreement on what causes such experiences to arise. A theory is proposed which simplifies the signs and symptoms of Schizophrenia and is something which does not appear to exist in the field to date. 
The model proposed is a hybrid theory, combining the phenomenological approach of Sass and Parnas with elements from Frith and Hemsley’s cognitive science perspective. An argument is that if a hybrid theory was used it would assist in the early intervention of Schizophrenia by providing a focus for treatment during developmental stages. 
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">64-74</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONTENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2019/444-1576254909.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Contents, PPC, Vol. 13, No. 2, 2019</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">71</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONTENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2019/444-1562914201.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Contents, Vol. 13, No. 1, 2019, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVER PAGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cover page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2019/444-1576254873.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cover, PPC, Vol. 13, No. 2, 2019</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">69-70</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVER PAGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cover page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2019/444-1562914155.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cover page, Vol. 13, No. 1, 2019, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-2</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mehboob Ul Hassan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND SUBJECTIVE WELL BEING: EXPLORATION OF TEACHERS’ BURNING DILEMMA</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">burning dilemma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">college teachers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">emotional intelligence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">subjective well beings</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2019/444-1576255298.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emotional intelligence and subjective well-being have stirred considerable attention in academic and professional discipline of psychology. Research yielded emotional intelligence as potential variable to explain emotional upheavals in working domains; subjective well-being. Connection between emotional intelligence and contemporary domain of positive psychology, especially in the spectrum of subjective well-being are debateable for researchers. Present research conducted to explore association between subjective well-being and emotional intelligence among the teachers of public colleges of Lahore. Sample of the research consisted of 716 teachers; 324 male and 392 females conveniently selected from 20 colleges; 10 male and 10 female colleges of District Lahore. Data were collected through administering Emotional Quotient Inventory: Adult Version (Bar-On, 1997) consisted of 117 items divided into five components. Measure of Happiness Questionnaire was adopted to gauge the subjective well-being of teachers. Reliability of the instruments was confirmed in SPSS by calculating Cronbach’s Alpha scores; .955 and .795 respectively. Data was collected from the respondents after getting permission from heads of the institutions. Normality of the data were calculated in SPSS by using Shapiro-Wilk’s test, p&gt;.05, n&lt;2000. Findings report a large positive correlation between teachers’ emotional intelligence and their subjective well-beings, and there exists a significant small correlation between emotional intelligence and gender. Research recommends that heads of the institutions need to arrange trainings, conduct seminars and ensure presence of motivational speakers to enhance male and female college teachers’ well- being focusing their emotions towards constructive tasks.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">101-112</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">END PAGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">end page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2019/444-1576255390.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">End, PPC, Vol. 13, No. 2, 2019</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">127-132</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">END PAGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">end page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">End page, Vol. 13, No. 1, 2019</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">65-68</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jiang-Zhou Yeh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hsiu-Lan Chin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tai-Lin Wu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shuo-En Xu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bor-Wen Cheng</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EXAMINING THE BENEFITS OF SOMATOSENSORY GAME MACHINE ON SENIORS WITH DEMENTIA-TAKING THE EXAMPLE OF ONE YUNLIN COUNTY'S DAYCARE CENTER WITH SENIORS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dementia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hand coordination</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hand-grip strength</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">somatosensory games</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2019/444-1562914540.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This research adopted a quasi-experimental design in which purposive sampling was used. The research site was the National Cheng Kung University Hospital Dou-Liou Branch dementia daycare center, from which 30 patients with dementia who were ≥ 65 years old were recruited. During the research, participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental or control groups. During the research, eight participants withdrew due to personal reasons; 22 participants completed the research. The research spanned 12 weeks, from 21 September to 31 December 2017.
The experimental group included four male dementia patients (76.25 ± 6.61 years), of which three had mild dementia and one had moderate dementia; and seven female dementia patients (80.14 ± 6.38 years), of which four had mild dementia and three had moderate dementia. In the control group, there were five seniors male dementia patients (80.8 ± 1.6 years), of which three had mild dementia and two had moderate dementia; and six female dementia patients (82.83 ± 8.93 years), of which three had mild dementia and three had moderate dementia.
The present research employed an interactive drum-beating somatosensory game, “Taiko no Tatsujin”. Results showed that differences in the experimental group across the 12-week program reached statistical significance (p =.046*). The Jamar dynamometer was used to measure the grip strength of both hands of the participants; the experimental group showed significant improvement across the 12 weeks (p≦.001***). The Minnesota manual dexterity test was used to measure bilateral hand coordination of the participants. Though there were significant differences in the performance between the experimental and control groups (p≦.001***), both groups improved the time taken to complete the test across the 12 weeks. 
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18-31</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nadja Walter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thomas   Heinen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EXERCISE ADDICTION AND ITS RELATION TO PSYCHO-SOCIAL ASPECTS AND MOTIVES</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">achievement striving</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">catharsis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">competitive athletes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">exercise dependence scale</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">inspiration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">physical activity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2019/444-1576255356.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Despite typical physiological risks of regular physical activity such as injuries or overtraining, particularly excessive exercise can have psychological side effects and become obsessive. This obsessiveness is often associated with symptoms of addiction (i.e., reduction of other activities, lack of control, withdrawal symptoms). However, the underlying process of developing an exercise addiction is not yet fully understood. Besides the physiological approach, there are several psychological and socio-theoretical models focusing on personal and situational factors. The aim of this research was to explore the role of psycho-social aspects and their influence on symptoms of exercise addiction. 501 participants were asked to record their current sport regarding type, intensity, frequency, and competitive activity. Furthermore, the participants were asked about the motives to exercise as well as their inspiration to start with their current sport. Addictive symptoms were assessed using the Exercise Dependence Scale (EDS). It was expected, that inspiration, competitive activity, as well as the motives achievement striving and catharsis have an influence on the EDS score. The results showed that athletes rating the motives achievement striving, catharsis and enjoyment of movement as important or very important showed significantly higher scores in the EDS. No significant differences were found for inspiration, but competitive activity. The findings suggest an important role of intrinsic motivation on the development of exercise addition, particularly the motive enjoyment of movement. However, the interaction of personal and situational factors needs to be explored further.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">113-126</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sergii Boltivets</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lyudmila Uralova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tymur Gonchar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yuliya Chelyadyn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olexiy Gonchar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FEATURES OF AGE DYNAMICS OF DEVIANT BEHAVIOR OF CHILDREN AND TEENAGERS WITH NEUROSIS-LIKE STATE OF RESIDUAL-ORGANIC GENESIS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">asthenohyperdynamic &amp; astheno-adynamic manifestations</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cerebrosthenic disorders</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">deviant behavior</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">micro social factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">neurosis-like states</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychopathic behavior</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">residual organic genesis pathological personality traits</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2019/444-1562914436.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The study presents the identification and study of the characteristics of the formation and dynamics of various forms of deviant behavior in the clinic of neurosis-like states of residual-organic genesis, that is guided by the principles not previously used in the study of the studied pathology. Behavioral disorders were studied in a comparative aspect in two clinical variants, which are asthenohyperdynamic and astheno-adynamic manifestations of the cerebrastenic syndrome, which is a part of the structure of a neurosis-like state.  The age dynamics of behavioral disorders was studied at different stages of ontogenesis, including childhood, prepubertal and puberty, by comparing the obtained data labeled by the subheadings &quot;Period of the first age crisis&quot;, &quot;Period of the second age crisis&quot; and &quot;Puberty period&quot;. The study found that age response forms reflect the low personal resources of adolescents and the massiveness of negative social influences. As the analysis of clinical material has shown, during puberty, violations in the sphere of cravings became more distinct. Disorders in the sphere of inclinations at this age are closely correlated with the features of the somato-endocrine metamorphosis and with the unfavorable influence of socio-psychological factors. Lack of sexual desire was in direct proportion with a pronounced delay in puberty. Violations in the sphere of sexual desire, reflecting the nondifferentiation of the sexual attitudes of adolescents with delayed puberty, were characteristic of those studied with pronounced volitional immaturity, in particular with such signs as suggestibility, a tendency to imitation. During puberty, the clinical picture of the studied adolescents revealed more clearly the qualitatively new pathological properties of the personality due to the development of excitable, unstable, less often labile and hysterical manifestations. In contrast to psychopathic behavior in sick children and adolescents, no correlation was found between the first signs of deviant behavior and cerebrastenic disorders. In all cases, behavioral disturbances are caused by unfavorable micro-social factors. Based on the follow-up data, the study has found that the studied group of sick children and adolescents is characterized by both favorable dynamics (22) and a negative outcome (20 patients). This suggests that the pubertal period is characterized by a polymorphism of behavioral disorders and is one of the decisive factors in the prognosis of the further development of the child.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7-17</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vaitsa Giannouli</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">JUDGING ANTIGONE IN OLD AGE: (NEURO)PSYCHOLOGY AND LAW IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">advanced techniques</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ethical dimensions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">false memories-distortions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">forensic neuropsychology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2019/444-1576255052.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Although medicine, psychology and law have a long history behind them (Frank, 1930; Kapardis, 2009), and several issues may emerge at the interface of these scientific fields, new specific disciplines have been created to fill the research gap, such as legal psychology and forensic psychology (Taylor, 2019). In this direction, forensic neuropsychology combines not only psychometric testing, but also interviews, behavioral observations, and record reviews as additional sources of information for answering cognitive functioning questions in legal and forensic settings (Fink, 2007). Additionally, the emergence of a new promising interdisciplinary field, neurolaw, explores how neuroscience and advanced techniques can be used in the legal system (Meynen, 2014; van Dongen &amp; Franken, 2019). Although there are still a plethora of topics that are not adequately described and need further research in neuropsychology, several attempts have been made to collect data for different research questions linked to this complex field (Canter &amp; Žukauskiene, 2019). Methods and protocols regarding the processes of criminal profiling, the examination of cognitive biases in legal decision making, interrogations and confessions, detection of deception, eyewitness memory and false memories-distortions, cognition and emotions of child witnesses, and competence to stand trial, are still not clear (Bornstein &amp; Miller, 2016; Brewer &amp; Douglass, 2019).</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">72-74</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Natasha Virmozelova Angelova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emelina Zaimova-Tsaneva</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MARITAL AND FAMILY SATISFACTION ACCORDING TO THE COUPLE`S TYPE OF INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">family satisfaction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">intrapersonal relationships</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">marital satisfaction</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2019/444-1562914750.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The presented research was intended to explore the connection between the levels of marriage and family satisfaction with different interpersonal communication styles. The objective here was to find out whether the experienced level of marriage and family satisfaction will differentiate according to partner`s interpersonal relationship style (authoritarian, egoistic, aggressive, suspicious, submissive, dependent, friendly and altruistic styles). A pilot study was conducted with one hundred participants comprised of males (N = 23; 23%) and females (N = 77; 77%) that completed three questionnaires made up of Leary`s (1957) scale that measured Interpersonal Relationships, Family Satisfaction by Adjectives Scale and Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire. Participants were within the age of 26 to 64 years (M = 43.6; SD = 9). The obtained results pointed out that there were significant differences between examined persons with different interpersonal relationships upon their levels of family and marital satisfaction.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">47-64</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mariam Kvitsiani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maia Mestvirishvili</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khatuna Martskvishvili</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tamar Kamushadze</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mariam Odilavadze</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mariam Panjikidze</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PERSONAL VALUES AND SELF-ACCEPTANCE: ANXIETY FREE VS ANXIETY-BASED DIMENSION</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">basic value systems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychological flexibility</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">quantitative research</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">unconditional self-acceptance</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2019/444-1576255241.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">When talking about human well-being, Unconditional Self-acceptance represents one of the cores. Although researchers have focused on various predictors of Acceptance, there is not a clear understanding of personal values impacting the process of accepting oneself. The aim of the research was to explore the association between basic values and unconditional self-acceptance, and to find out the role of psychological flexibility in this relationship.  370 participants filled the questionnaires to explore basic values, unconditional self-acceptance and psychological flexibility. As data showed, self-transcendence and openness to change predict higher level of psychological flexibility, however, only openness to change possesses positive predictive power for unconditional self-acceptance. Mediation model indicates that basic value system of openness to changes is the one, which reflected on individual’s higher psychological flexibility, and through this flexibility she/he achieves higher level of unconditional self-acceptance. The research confirmed a unique role of openness to change in association with self-acceptance which might be an important insight for clinical psychologists as well as for mental health professionals.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">84-100</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yasuto Okamura</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mitsuhiro Ura</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ROUND SHAPES ARE FOR DATING, SQUARE SHAPES ARE FOR BUSINESS: PRIMING THE CONCEPT OF WARMTH AND COMPETENCE ACTIVATES THE REPRESENTATION OF SHAPES</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cognitive linguistics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">metaphor-consistent effects</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">round and square</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social judgments</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2019/444-1562914686.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research in cognitive linguistics suggests that individuals understand abstract concepts by using knowledge of the superficially dissimilar, and more concrete concepts through conceptual metaphors. Previous studies have reported round-warm and square-competent associations: such that curved shapes (e.g., rounds) increase the perception of warmth and angular shapes (e.g., squares) enhance the perception of competence in a metaphor-consistent manner. The study investigated whether manipulating abstract concepts (e.g., social judgments) influenced the processing of concrete concepts (e.g., shapes). Participants were asked to select round or square ornaments in a restaurant in a dating (warm) or a business (competent) situation. Results indicated that participants in the dating condition selected more round ornaments whereas those in the business condition selected more square ornaments, revealing that the representations of a round shape were activated in the dating condition, whereas the representations of a square shape were activated in the business situation. The theoretical implications of this finding are discussed. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">39-46</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lambri Yovkov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stanislava   Stoyanova</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SATISFACTION WITH E-LEARNING QUALITY EXPRESSES READINESS TO DEVELOP OWN ONLINE COURSE, NOT ONLY JUST TO FURTHER STUDY ONLINE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e-learning quality</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">gender differences in satisfaction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">satisfaction with e-learning</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2019/444-1562914619.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">E-learning has become an important part of contemporary educational process. Satisfaction with e-learning quality was studied among 133 Bulgarian participants in an online survey, of which more than the half took part is some e-learning courses. The results indicated that the learners for whom e-learning was a part of their education at school or university tended to do more online courses and were more satisfied with e-learning quality, so traditional education seemed to support e-learning. The participants who had been enrolled in some online courses, who had their own Internet site and who were satisfied with e-learning quality were more self-confident in their ability of developing an online course. Satisfaction with e-learning prevailed in the sample, because approximately one out of ten participants stated firmly not being satisfied with e-learning quality and four out of five participants would like to use e-learning as a part of their further education. More male participants were satisfied with e-leaning quality than the female participants in support of some previous findings concerning higher life satisfaction in men than in women. Satisfaction with e-learning could be considered as a domain-specific satisfaction that is a part of overall life satisfaction. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">32-38</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sergii Boltivets</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yuliya Chelyadyn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tymur Gonchar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lyudmila Uralova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oleksandr Bashinskii</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA RECEIVING COMPULSORY INPATIENT AND OUTPATIENT TREATMENT AND VOLUNTARY PSYCHIATRIC PATIENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">coercive treatment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">schizophrenia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social-psychological characteristics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2019/444-1576255165.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The aim of the research was to obtain data for scientific justification and development of an algorithm of medico-social rehabilitation for patients with schizophrenia under compulsory out- and inpatient treatment. During the research clinical and social-demographic conditions were evaluated for the chosen group of people currently undergoing coercive treatment and for the control group. The role of the clinical-psychopathological and social-environmental agents that caused patients compulsory hospitalization was determined. The level of social functioning and the dissocializing factors were evaluated.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">75-83</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Irakli Imedadze</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TBILISI 1979 YEAR SYMPOSIUM ON THE UNCONSCIOUS – LOOKING BACK</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">international symposium</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychoanalysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychoanalytic unconscious</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uznadze`s psychological school</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2019/444-1562914357.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In 1979 a large international symposium dedicated to the problem of unconscious was held in Tbilisi. More than 150 visitors from 17 foreign countries and about the same member from different scientific centers of the former Soviet Union took part in its work. These ciphers may not sound very impressive now but taking into account the years when the Soviet Union was still separated from outer world by the so called “iron curtain”, the symposium can indeed be considered a grand event. Foreign participants came not only from the countries of “socialist camp”, but also from Western states (Austria, Canada, England, Ireland, Italy, France, USA, Western Germany). One more notable thing is that a lot of researchers working in the sphere of psychoanalysis visited Tbilisi. Remembering the fact that psychoanalysis, even at that period, stayed as the main ideological “scarecrow” for “Soviet psychology”, the symposium seemed really unique and unprecedented.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4-6</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lili Khechuashvili</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mariam Gogichaishvili</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tamari Jananashvili</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ALTERNATIVE MASTER NARRATIVE: THE AVENUE LEADING TO GENERATIVITY</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">alternative master narrative</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">autobiographical reasoning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">generativity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">narrative structure</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2019/444-1548425240.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Two independent mixed method studies are aimed at exploration of the major process of negotiation with an internalization of the master narrative, which assists as the cultural framework for narrative identity development. It analysed and compared the data obtained from same-sex desire individuals, ex-convicts and ordinary Georgian citizens, and traced the process of autobiographical reasoning and negotiation with autobiographical master narrative as the mean for development alternative master narrative, which, in turn, serves as the avenue for overcoming stigma, achieving resocialization and generativity, and coming in accord to one’s own identity. The comparative analysis addressed the following questions: How do research participants construct biographical alternative master narrative? Does this narrative lead to generativity? Does autobiographical reasoning mediate development of alternative master narrative? Altogether 30 life stories (16 same-sex desired persons and 14 ex-convicts) or 840 narratives were coded for narrative autobiographical reasoning, generativity, as well as for narrative structure (redemption and contamination). Besides, thematic comparative analysis was carried out. Qualitative analysis revealed the main thematic lines of the life stories, such as stigmatization and victimization, family relations, hard childhood experiences, urge for generativity, resocialization and identity formation. Research participants from both samples constructed their life stories or narrative identities through bringing on the surface the implicit master narrative and creating their own alternative one via either shifting and replacing the events or modifying sequences of the events included in the normative life story or autobiographical master narrative. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">75-83</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONTENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2019/444-1548424943.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Contents, Vol. 12, No. 2, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">59</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONTENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/444-1534785680.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Contents, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2018, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVER PAGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cover page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2019/444-1548424902.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cover page, Vol. 12, No. 2, 2018</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">57-58</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVER PAGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cover page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/444-1534785638.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cover page, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2018, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-2</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sergii Boltivets</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EDUCATION AS HARMONY INTELLIGENCE AND HEALTH</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">human abilities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">human giftedness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">individual self-expression</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">special abilities</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2019/444-1548425087.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The emergence of a public request for the realization of special abilities of a person, focused on children, is typical for countries where awareness of their own intellectual backwardness has become a consequence of comparison with others. This is the so-called post-totalitarian or, more specifically, post-communist countries, different from the free world, as thoroughly proved by the study &quot;Psychotherapy in the Western World and in the USSR&quot; (1973) by one of the most prominent hypnotherapists and psychotherapists of the world Dr. Eugene Hlywa (Sydney, Australia). In particular, a definite stature, inherent in every human population, the aggregate of the capacities of people's abilities is roughly equal in each country. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">60-62</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">END PAGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">end page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">End page, Vol. 12, No. 2, 2018</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">103-108</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">END PAGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">end page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/444-1534786121.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">End page, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2018, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">52-56</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ismail Louragli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmed Ahami</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abderrazak Khadmaoui</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khaoula Mammad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anass Chaker Lamrani</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EVALUATION OF THE NOMOPHOBIA’S PREVALENCE AND ITS IMPACT ON SCHOOL PERFORMANCE AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN MOROCCO</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">addiction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">adolescents relationships</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NMP-Q</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nomophobia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">smartphone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social media</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2019/444-1548425373.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Social networks are a new form of addiction to technology and are beginning to take place in the moroccan society in the last decades, especially among children and adolescents. Furthermore the Nomophobia is a new form of addiction to new generations of mobile phones. Because of the importance of their speed spread and their influence on the person's future and interpersonal relationships, we conducted a study to calculate the degree of Nomophobia in adolescent population.
It is through the establishment of a questionnaire for a sample of 541 adolescents including 298 girls and 243 boys of young Moroccans and a test on Nomophobia NMP-Q. The statistical result stated that 69.1% of girls and 63% of boys have Nomophobia in a moderate and severe state, and that the Smartphone is more solicited than the laptop with a negative correlation between school performance and the score of Nomophobia. Thus, poor school performance and mental disorders in adolescents can be explained by taking Nomophobia.
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">84-94</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Desislava Ivanova</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EYE MOVEMENT DESENSITIZATION AND REPROCESSING AS A PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC APPROACH</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AIP model</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EMDR therapy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychotherapy approach</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">reprocessing information</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/444-1534785933.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is empirically validated psychotherapeutic approach, which uses Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) model. EMDR can be applied when working with the consequences of psychological trauma and a wide range of other negative life experiences, excluding organic deficits, intoxication, and injury. EMDR therapy is conceptualized in eight phases, consisting of standardized protocols and procedures, which make easier the complete assessment of the clinical picture, patient preparation and the treatment of: past events, which place the foundations of pathology, current adverse situations and future challenges. The main focus of the therapy is the system that processes information in the brain. All dysfunctional characteristic traits, behaviors, beliefs, affects, and physical sensations are viewed from the perspective of (AIP) model as manifestations of unprocessed memories, encoded during a traumatic experience. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17-23</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tinatin Tiabashvili</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rusudan Mirtskhulava</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marine Japaridze</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MYTHODRAMA GROUP PSYCHOTHERAPY APPROACH FOR ADOLESCENTS WITH BEHAVIOR DIFFICULTIES</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">behavior problems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">coping strategies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mythodrama for adolescents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">trait EI</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2019/444-1548425482.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mythodrama group psychotherapy approach of resolving conflict and bullying has been successful as an intervention in a school setting.  This study aimed to provide further evaluation of Mythodrama group approach.  A total of 97 Georgian adolescents (Mean of age = 14.65, SD = 1.76) participated in the controlled experimental study. Participants of the experimental group received a Mythodrama group intervention during a period of three months. Analyses revealed a significant increase in emotional intelligence, prosocial behavior and adaptive coping strategies in the intervention group. No significant changes were observed in the control group. The findings suggest that adolescents’ behavior, trait emotional intelligence and coping strategies can be improved using Mythodrama intervention. Follow-up research is required to reveal the persistence and replicability of the result. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">95-102</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nina N. Yuditseva</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ONE’S SELF-STRUCTURE RELATES TO THE CONTENT OF UTTERANCES ABOUT OTHERS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">embodied cognition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jungian psychoanalysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phenomenological psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Russian intuitivism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">self-structure</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2019/444-1548425157.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Embodiment and inter-subjectivity underlie one’s subjectivity in Husserl’s view. Based in Russian intuitivism Husserl’s adherent Losskij has offered phenomenological opposition: one’s act of distinguishing (mine ness) – common perception content given from both kinds of access which Overgaard identified as felt and perceived (given ness). The paper considers the self-other perspective-taking in order to reveal its psychodynamic relevance. One’s disposition towards Big Two drives (ego-communion) specifies self-other differentiation.  The Zondy test was used in the experiment. 
The Correspondence analysis of participants’ disposition towards BT drives and three arrays of utterances (all, about others, about oneself) made obvious the impact of one’s disposition upon the distribution of the self-other utterances in the first two arrays. Additionally, in the aggregate of utterances about others, one’s disposition also significantly correlates with the choice of the utterance type about others. Thus, one’s disposition moderates the utterance content about other people. 
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">63-74</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Serhiy Boltivets</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yuliya Chelyadyn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tymur Gonchar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lyudmila Uralova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olexiy Gonchar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PSYCHOTHERAPY OF PATIENTS WITH HYPOCHONDRIAC AND OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDERS DUE TO PERINATAL CEREBROVASCULAR LESIONS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">obsessive-compulsive disorder</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">perinatal cerebrovascular lesions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychotherapy</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/444-1534785871.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perinatal cerebrovascular lesions represent one of the important causes of the onset of mental disorders. The research addresses specific psychic pathologies of this type such as hypochondriac and obsessive-compulsive disorders. The main focus of the research is the psychotherapy for that contingent of patients. Tests and statistical trials were conducted for groups composed of persons suffering from the said disorders. Based on the results of data analysis the research reviews specific recommendations for using psychotherapeutic techniques considering their influence on clinical manifestations of hypochondria and obsessive-compulsive disorder.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8-16</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dennis Relojo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE ROLE OF BLOG PSYCHOLOGY IN ONLINE MENTAL HEALTH MOVEMENT: CURRENT STATUS AND IMPLICATIONS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">blog psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">care services</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mental health</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mental health education</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/444-1534785793.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mental disorders contribute significantly to the global burden of disease, as 4 out of the 10 diseases with the highest burden are psychiatric. About 25% of all develop one or more psychiatric and behavioural disorders during their lifetime. Unipolar depression ranges as the leading mental disorder with respect to disability adjusted life years. The major psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia and depression are found in all cultures and result in significant disability. As a result, the cost of mental disorders worldwide needs receiving increasing recognition (Kastrup &amp; Ramos, 2007).
Mental health is a global problem – one that needs greater worldwide attention because until now this has not been achieved. For instance, in the US, the world's sliding superpower, the prisons are the functioning mental-health-care system (Kleinman, 2009). Somewhere between a third and a half of all the homeless people in American cities suffer from mental illness. 
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4-7</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stavroula-Vera Strychnou</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES IN ATTITUDES OF GREEK EDUCATORS TOWARDS STUDENTS WITH SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS AND MIGRANT STUDENTS: SOCIAL-DEMOGRAPHIC DIFFERENCES</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">educators</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Greek schools</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">migrant students</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">racism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social attitudes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">students with special educational needs</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/444-1534786082.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This research was conducted to explore and compare the attitudes of Greek educators towards immigrant children and children with special educational needs, as well as to establish some social-demographic differences in Greek teachers’ attitudes. The research tool used in this research was the questionnaire. The scale of answering was a five-degree Likert scale, and only one question was yes/no. The statistical program used for statistical analysis of the data was the IBM SPSS program. Descriptive statistics, correlation coefficients, and chi-square analysis were used. The sampling method used in the present research was the feasibility sampling, and even the homogeneity technique was used. In this research, all the participants were educators. The research sample consisted of 150 participants. Modern Greek schools contain to a large extent migrant students and students with special educational needs. Based on this research, there were found several similarities in Greek teachers’ attitudes towards immigrant students and students with special educational needs, but there were also some differences. The most negative attitudes towards immigrant students were expressed overtly by the male Greek teachers, at 18-29 years old, married, with one child, teaching history in secondary education, with the period of educational experience of 11-20 years, and the most negative attitudes towards the students with special educational needs were expressed overtly by the female Greek teachers, with PhD, in bad or very good economic situation, divorced, teaching in primary school for more than 10 years at school. The Greek school, although it is a &quot;mosaic of students&quot; with different educational, cognitive, political, social, economic, historical, linguistic and cultural specifics, insists on its monocultural orientation, the rejection of diversity, isolation, and stereotypes. Given these results, it is necessary in the future to explore the effective ways to reduce these perceptions, if not destroy them.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">33-51</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tabitha Mwaniki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kennedy Onkware</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stephen Ngari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VULNERABILITY TO MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS AMONG PERSONS IN PROLONGED INTERNAL DISPLACEMENT IN NAKURU COUNTY, KENYA</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">internal displacement</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mental health</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">structured interview</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">vulnerability</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/444-1534786015.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disasters and the consequent displacement is common world over.  Global trends indicate that disaster-induced displacement is on the rise, and is brought about by factors which include natural and human-made disasters as well as complex human conflicts. The most notable case of internal displacement in Kenya arose from the 2007-2008 post-election violence. Most of the displacees have been since resettled. Among the effects of displacement are loss of property, loss of livelihoods and mental health problems. The aim of this study was to establish the vulnerability to mental health problems among persons in prolonged displacement in Nakuru County of Kenya. The study was a qualitative survey in which a sample of 400 respondents was obtained from a population of 106,004 internally displaced persons who had been resettled. Data was collected using questionnaires and structured interview schedules. The mental health status was determined using an adapted version of the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R). This instrument has been used widely and established as having a test-retest reliability of about 0.91. Owing to the sensitive and personal nature of information sought, respondents were assured of confidentiality. The data was analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 14.0. The research established that the respondents experienced considerable mental health problems as indicated by high scores in the overall Impact of Event Scale-Revised as well as in the intrusion, avoidance and hyper-vigilance sub-scales. This shows that the internally displaced persons, despite having been resettled, were still vulnerable to mental health problems. The findings are expected to help the government line-ministries and humanitarian agencies involved in humanitarian interventions plan mitigation of adverse mental health effects of disasters. In particular, they are useful in designing psychosocial interventions required in post-disaster scenarios, and especially where internal displacement is prolonged. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">24-32</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vaitsa Giannouli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nikolaos Syrmos</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A 2-YEAR PRELIMINARY LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL FUNCTIONING IN HASHIMOTO’S THYROIDITIS UNDER LEVOTHYROXINE TREATMENT: ONLY TRAIL MAKING TEST IS MAKING A DIFFERENCE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">depression</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">longitudinal neuropsychological assessment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LT4 treatment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">stress</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/444-1515690420.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Few studies have examined longitudinally depression, stress and cognition in Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis (HT) under levothyroxine (LT4) treatment. Although HT is claimed to cause several mood changes and cognitive deficits in patients who are left untreated, we still know little about the longitudinal profile of these patients when they are under stable treatment. Sixteen middle-aged euthyroid HT women and sixteen healthy control women were examined with a detailed neuropsychological battery covering different cognitive functions (attention, visual and verbal memory, executive functions and mood), and with thyroid functions tests at three time points at one and two years post-baseline. Depression and perceived stress, along with verbal and visual memory were found to be stable at a two-year retesting in euthyroid HT women. Only TMT-Parts A and B deteriorated at one and two years in euthyroid HT. Although impaired performance in attention and executive deficits are linked with heighted levels of depression and stress, here they were not accompanied by changes in mood. The present study failed to detect any noticeable changes longitudinally in the cognitive and emotional function in euthyroid HT women under stable and continuous LT4 treatment. Patients’ restricted deficits may indicate that the decline in attention and executive functioning performance might be related to the effects of a specific progressive degenerative process associated with the disorder, rather than the effects of aging.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15-21</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Damian   Jeraj</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lisa Musculus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Babett H. Lobinger</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BODY IMAGE AND MENTAL REPRESENTATION IN TABLE TENNIS PLAYERS WHO DO VERSUS DO NOT USE A PROSTHESIS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">athletes with disabilities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">functional body image</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mental structure</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SDA-M</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/444-1515690478.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The prosthesis that athletes use should take over the function of the missing limb. Playing table tennis without constraints is one exemplary goal. The question arose whether table tennis players who used a prosthesis and players who did not show similar body image values and mental representation of movements. Five matched pairs of active table tennis players (n = 10) completed a body image questionnaire. Additionally, the mental representation of a forehand table tennis serve was assessed. Results revealed no significant differences between the two groups of athletes on mental representations. Furthermore, the integration of the prosthesis into the body image was considered satisfying by four out of the five athletes with prosthesis, the use of a prosthesis did not appear to affect athletes’ body image. Based on the research results it can be recommended that in technical and mental training sessions, one methodological approach be used for all athletes, regardless of whether they use a prosthesis. Finally, it is suggested to foster the integration of athletes who use a prosthesis into the established leagues in which athletes compete who do not use prosthesis.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22-30</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONTENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/444-1515690202.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Contents, Vol. 11, No. 1, 2017</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVER PAGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cover page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/444-1515690158.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cover page</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-2</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khatuna Martsksvishvili</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nino Abuladze</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Natia Sordia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aljoscha Neubauer</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EMOTIONAL CREATIVITY INVENTORY: FACTOR STRUCTURE, RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY IN A GEORGIAN-SPEAKING POPULATION</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">creative abilities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dispositional flow</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">emotional creativity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">emotional intelligence</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/444-1515690763.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The concept of emotional creativity is based on a social constructivist theory of emotion and refers to an individual’s ability to experience and express novel, sincere, and effective mixtures of emotions. The present research examines the psychometric properties of the Georgian version of Emotional Creativity Inventory (G-ECI; Averill, 1999). 834 individuals across five studies completed the G-ECI. Results from exploratory factor analysis indicate that the factor structure of the original ECI broadly replicates in the Georgian translation. The Cronbach’s alpha reliabilities of the G-ECI scales are mostly acceptable. There are significant gender differences. Examining the construct validity of G-ECI with other constructs (namely, with emotional intelligence, creativity and flow) showed the expected relationships. In conclusion, the Georgian version of the emotional creativity inventory seems well suited for future research purposes. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">31-41</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">END PAGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">end page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/444-1515690983.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">End page </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">73-76</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dennis Relojo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rona dela Rosa</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IMPROVING POSITIVE AFFECT BASED ON SELF-COMPASSION THROUGH LIFE GOALS EXPRESSIVE WRITING: BASIS FOR AN EGO IDENTITY DEVELOPMENT AMONG STUDENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">expressive writing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">positive affect</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">self-compassion</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/444-1515690889.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The act of written emotional disclosure has been widely studied for the past several decades. Yet, in spite of this, there are limited studies which examine the interplay of expressive writing, self-compassion and positive affect, along with its potential to augment ego identity among students. Using repeated measures experimental design, the present research explored the efficacy of expressive writing in improving levels of positive affect among university students ageing 18-25 (M = 19.23; SD = 1.21). Participants were tested in groups and wrote either about life goals (n = 46), positive experiences (n = 49) or a control topic (n = 46). Two separate three-way ANOVA were carried out to investigate whether writing about life goals has an impact on the students’ positive affect. It further examined how students could benefit according to their self-compassion levels. Regardless of the form of expressive writing, students did not significantly differ on the levels of positive affect. The results of this study are aimed at designing intervention for students to help them develop their ego identity. Future studies employing randomised, controlled designs are warranted.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">51-58</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grzegorz Pajestka</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">INTRASEXUAL COMPETITION AMONG HUMANS: PROSOCIAL TOWARDS THE OPPOSITE SEX AND PROSELF TOWARDS THE SAME SEX?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">intrasexual competition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sex differences</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social value orientation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/444-1515690827.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In a research conducted on a sample of participants from three countries (N = 256): Poland, Ukraine and Denmark, a hypothesis of the moderating impact of other person sex on the level of social value orientation of men and women was tested. The study applied the now rarely used method of measuring social value orientation: the Warsaw Method, which was expected to reveal more subtle differences between men and women than those observed in the studies using the most popular social value orientation measurement tools, such as decomposed games. The direction of the observed relationship proved to be compatible with the predictions resulting from the phenomenon of intrasexual competition for a partner, however only in the case of men. Men were more prosocial in interaction with women than with other men, and more pro-self- interacting with men rather than women. Similar relationships assumed in the case of women were only partially confirmed: women were more pro-self in interaction with same-sex partners compared to interactions with opposite sex partners (however, the relationship was statistically significant only within the individualistic value orientation), but at the same time they were prosocial (but only within the cooperative value orientation).</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">42-50</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Natasha Angelova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magdalena Trencheva</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE MARITAL STATUS AS PREDICTOR OF DIFFERENCES IN TIME PERSPECTIVE AND OPTIMISTIC-PESSIMISTIC ATTITUDES AMONG WOMEN</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">marital status</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">optimism - pessimism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">time perspective</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/444-1515690356.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The search for relations, dependencies, and influences between marital status and mental phenomena outlines an accurate and clear picture not only of the family status as a social phenomenon but also as a mental field, where our awareness as individuals is directly or indirectly linked. In this sense, the differences among women with different marital context and the optimistic and pessimistic attitudes as well as the expectations regarding the past, present, and future that were investigated in this research.
Four different marital status groups were identified and are shown the differences in time perspective and optimistic-pessimistic attitudes between them. The survey was conducted with 140 women aged between 32 and 67 years M=41.09 SD=6.58. The research methods are Method of evaluation of optimism and negative expectations, published by Velichkov and Radoslavova (2005) and Time perspective Questionnaire by Philip Zimbardo, adapted by Slavchov and Virmozelova (2008). 
The results verify the supposition that there are statistically significant (p&lt;.05) differences between the four groups of women with different marital status, with regard to their attitudes to optimism and pessimism as well as to their time perspective. The group of married women shows the highest result in Past-positive time perspective and Future time perspective, in comparison with the divorced that have the lowest scores on the same factors Past-positive time perspective and Future time perspective. At the same time, the divorced women experience the highest level of optimism compared to the other groups.
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6-14</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vaitsa Giannouli</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MOZART EFFECT AND MUSIC PSYCHOLOGY: RECENT DEVELOPMENTS AND FUTURE RESEARCH</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">brain sciences</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cognitive performance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">music psychology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/444-1515690292.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The field of Music Psychology has grown in the past 20 years, to emerge from being just a minor topic to one of mainstream interest within the brain sciences (Hallam, Cross, &amp; Thaut, 2011). Despite the plethora of research attempts to examine the so-called hotly disputed “Mozart effect” which was first reported by Rauscher, Shaw, and Ky (1993, 1995), we still know little about it. This group of researchers were the first to support experimentally that visuospatial processing was enhanced in participants following exposure to Mozart’s Sonata for Two Pianos in D major (K.448). Although the first research attempts referred to the Mozart effect as an easy way of improving cognitive performance immediately after passive music listening to Mozart’s sonata K. 448 (Chabris, 1999), after which healthy young adult students could perform with enhanced spatial-temporal abilities in tasks such as the Paper Folding Task (PFT), nowadays there is a number of studies indicating that this specific music excerpt does not necessarily have this magical influence on all cognitive abilities (e.g. on the overall Intelligence Quotient) in humans and on the behavior of animals (for a review see Giannouli, Tsolaki &amp; Kargopoulos, 2010). In addition to that, questions arise whether listening to this ‘magic music excerpt’ does indeed have benefits that generalize across a wide range of cognitive performance, and if it can induce changes that are of importance for medical and therapeutic purposes in patients with neurological disorders (e.g. epilepsy) or psychiatric disorders (e.g. dementia, depression) (Verrusio et al., 2015).
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4-5</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stanislava   Stoyanova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stavroula Roumbou</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Christos Douvlos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tsvetelina Hadzhieva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stavroula-Vera Strychnou</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dimana Arnautovska</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nikolay Ivantchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">STUDENTS’ SELF-ASSESSMENT OF ONE’S ABILITIES FOR THEIR LIFE GOALS ACHIEVEMENT</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">aspiration level</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">frustration tolerance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">life goal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">perceived self-efficacy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">positive self-talk</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/444-1515690946.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goal achievement is considered to be related to need satisfaction, motivation, and self-esteem. The self-assessed abilities for goal achievement were operationalized as positive self-talk, perceived self-efficacy, the performance level of doing a task, the aspiration level, the in/congruence between performance and prognosis, and frustration tolerance to pursue one’s goals in spite of some obstacles. In total, 392 students whose mean age was 21 years old were investigated, divided in sub-samples, with the positive self-talk scale from the ASTQS questionnaire, the self-efficacy scale by Schwarzer &amp; Jerusalem, and the AHA computerized test method from Vienna test system. Students’ self-assessment of one’s abilities for goal achievement revealed the most frequent high levels of perceived self-efficacy and good performance in coding tasks. The other self-assessed abilities for goal achievement were expressed more often at a medium level. The gender differences in the performance level of doing a task were compared to some previous results that indicated a variety of trends, because of the age peculiarities and the types of the tasks that were executed. The advance in age was related to more frequent use of positive self-talk and lower aspiration level, besides to lower performance level. The proposed model of the abilities for goal achievement was successfully approbated in this study revealing the strengths in the students’ self-assessment of one’s abilities for goal achievement and some weaknesses that should be the focus of further interventions in order to increase the students’ frustration tolerance ability and the use of positive self-talk.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">59-72</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stanislava   Stoyanova</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BULGARIAN TEACHERS’ CAREER MOTIVATORS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">career motivation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">motivational types</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">school teachers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">work satisfaction</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/444-1484075465.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A review of several studies of teachers’ career motivation since Bulgarian Renaissance till nowadays is presented in this paper. 203 Bulgarian teachers in public schools were studied by means of a questionnaire created by Slavchov &amp; Stoyanova (2007) measuring career motivational types, according to Moses’ typology (2003). The career motivational type of Authenticity seekers was the most preferred by the studied Bulgarian teachers, followed by Personal developers and Stability seekers. Career builders as a career motivational type was minor career motivator, the least preferred one by Bulgarian teachers. A lot of significant positive correlations existed between teachers’ career motivational types. Some social-demographic factors (such as gender, specialty, work experience, and age) differentiated teachers’ career motivators. The type of Autonomy seekers was more preferred career motivator by male teachers than by female teachers in correspondence to the traditional stereotypes for men. Longer teachers’ work experience and teachers’ advance in age were related to more frequency of Stability seekers, but less frequency of Novelty seekers career motivator. Preschool and elementary school teachers preferred more strongly Authenticity seekers as a career motivator than teachers in natural sciences and mathematics. Establishing major career motivators for teachers may be related to opportunities for improvement of performance and work satisfaction. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">85-97</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONTENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1628341146.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Contents, Vol. 10, No. 1, 2016, PPC </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONTENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1627840049.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Contents, Vol. 10, No. 2, 2016, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">59</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVER PAGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cover page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1628341107.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cover page, Vol. 10, No. 1, 2016, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-2</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVER PAGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cover page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1627839998.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cover page, Vol. 10, No. 2, 2016, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">57-58</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarah R.   Edwards</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verlin B.   Hinsz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">David H. Whitcomb</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EFFICACY OF A VERY BRIEF PERSONALIZED SEXUAL HEALTH PREVENTION PROGRAM</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">college student health</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contraception</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">personalized computerized feedback</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">STI prevention</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2016/444-1470554368.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">An estimated 85 million pregnancies were unintended worldwide in 2012, which is 40% of all pregnancies (Sedgh, Singh, Hussain, 2014). Knowledge about how to use different methods of contraception correctly is vital to their success. The aim of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of an ultra-short, computerized personal feedback intervention to increase 34 college students’ knowledge about different methods of contraception and compare them to 34 students who did not receive the intervention. Students who participated in the intervention improved their factual knowledge about contraception and also indicated marginally higher intentions to use condoms in future sexual interactions after the personalized feedback intervention as compared to students in a control condition. Implications for settings in which very brief interventions to improve knowledge regarding contraception and sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention are desirable are discussed.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6-12</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">END PAGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">end page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1627840102.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">End page, Vol. 10, No. 2, 2016, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">108-112</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">END PAGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">end page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1628341194.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">End page, Vol. 10, No. 1, 2016, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">50-56</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Annarumma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luigi Vitale</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olga Campiglia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE EVOLUTIONARY PERSPECTIVE ON KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT: EMOTION AND REASON FROM ARISTOTELE TO DAMASIO</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">emotion and reason</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">knowledge</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">learning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">neuroscientific perspective</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/444-1484075342.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The analysis of the reason-emotion dynamics intersects several disciplinary fields, such as psychology, medicine, informatics, linguistics, neuroscience, with a specific relevance for Education Sciences, as it offers interesting perspectives over its influence on the learning process.
Such issues are rooted in philosophical reflections by Plato, Aristotle and later by Descartes, Vico and Kant. These dualistic perspectives will be definitively abandoned in favour of a globalist vision of the mind-body relationship, during the first half of the XX century, particularly thanks to Dewey (1933) who, inspired by Darwin’s theories, was the first to support this unity by recognizing an intersection among physical, mental and environmental processes. Over the last decades, an imperatively anti-dualistic analysis has been developing in the field of neurosciences and cognitive linguistics: on the one hand, cognitivism, considering the mind in its function of symbolic manipulation; on the other hand, connectionism, studying neural networks. Furthermore, recent scientific research has allowed mapping in a detailed - albeit admittedly incomplete manner - the complex activity of the brain and highlighting analogies between elementary connections and complex interactions. The systemic perspective is hence considering “mind and body”, “reason and emotion” as two interconnected and essential aspects of human complexity.
In this regard, Damasio’s research shows how participation of the organism to conscious experience returns to the consciousness itself those biological requirements which are essential to legitimate it as an object of scientific study. Knowledge is generated by socio-experiential relationships that play a crucial role within knowledge representation. The mind takes therefore an active role in shaping the representation of the world: understanding does not just consist in a mere reproduction of the external world in our mind; instead, it is a continuous process of creative reconstruction of our perceptive dynamics. Emotion, creativity and rationality are essential elements of the human being, which activate and develop due to personal inclination as well as socio-cultural aspects. Both genetic and social components are decisive in cognitive dynamics, as they represent innate potentials that need to be recognized, understood and exploited.
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">69-76</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nino Abuladze</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khatuna Martskvishvili</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NO WORDS FOR EMOTIONS: EMOTIONAL CREATIVITY AND ALEXITHYMIA IN ART</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">alexithymia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">artistic skills</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">emotional creativity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/444-1484075266.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The present research investigates emotional characteristics of professional culture – artists, examining the difference between art and non-art faculty students in emotional creativity and exploring the relationship between emotional creativity and alexithymia. Emotional creativity refers to the person’s ability to express and experience authentic, original and appropriate combinations of emotions. Art and non-art faculty students from different universities (34 female and 46 males; M of age=20.41, SD=1.64) were administered with the Emotional Creativity Inventory (ECI) along with the 20-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) The result showed that art faculty students have higher scores on emotional creativity than students from other faculties. Emotional creativity aspects are negatively related with the alexithymia. In the interpretation of results, emotional creativity is represented as one of the psychological constructs which is an important characteristic for the individuals working in the field of art. There’s an illustration how differently artistic individuals understand and experience emotions. The results have practical implication for social and emotional learning perspective. According to following research not only cognitive but emotional creativity is an important disposition for creative work. This emotional aspect should be identified at school age to contribute the development of individuals’ artistic skills.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">62-68</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sergiy Boltivets</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PSYCHOGENITY OF THE HUMANIZED ENVIRONMENT</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">age-related psychogenity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">human life</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phenomenon of psychogenity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychological science</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/444-1484075210.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The future of psychological science as we see it depends on our ability to understand the phenomenon of psychogenity of man and of the groups of people in their significance to himself and to every other human being.  Psychogenity as we define it, is an ability of the humanized environment to create, reflect, transform, save and expose the constellation of psychic manifestations of the own natural essence of every man as a psychological unity. We consider the humanized environment in the sense broader than that of the social environment as we keep in mind not only the mutual influence of people, but also the fact that human life is mediated by the human environment. The latter is one of the most important components equilibrating human psychogenity, the world exists for man only in its humanized sense.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">60-61</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ihor D. Pasichnyk</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eduard M. Balashow</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PSYCHOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF TOLERANCE OF UKRAINIAN AND POLISH STUDENTS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ethnic tolerance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">index of tolerance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">intercultural competence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">intercultural tolerance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social tolerance</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2016/444-1470554566.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The research reported here presents the theoretical aspects of the concept of tolerance of the academic youth, which is considered as a component of intercultural competence. The attitude of the students towards the people from other cultures and the level of their readiness to accept them are characterized. The influence of the surrounding socio-cultural environment on the development of ethnical and social tolerance is analysed. Moreover, the tolerance is viewed as a feature of the students’ character. It was found out that a low level of ethnic tolerance prevails in 30.0% of the Ukrainian students, which means that they demonstrate considerably lower tolerance towards other ethnic groups than Polish students. The indicators of moderate and high level of Polish students comprise 93.3% that means that they are far more willing to interact with other ethnic groups and the representatives of the socio-cultural environment if compared to the Ukrainian students (63.3%), although the indicators of high and moderate level of the ethnic tolerance of Ukrainians are fairly high. The comparative results of the empirical research of ethnical, social tolerance and the tolerance as a feature of character of the Polish and Ukrainian students are specified. The important role of a higher educational establishment in the development of tolerance as a value in the modern multicultural and multi-ethnic societies is emphasized.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">39-49</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nikolay Ivantchev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stanislava   Stoyanova</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RELATIONSHIPS IN THE WORKPLACE AND OCCUPATIONAL ATTRACTIVENESS AMONG STUDENTS, TEACHERS AND RANGERS-SPORTSMEN</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">occupational attractiveness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rangers-sportsmen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">relationships in the workplace</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">students; teachers</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2016/444-1470554469.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perceived occupational attractiveness could be due to many factors and relationships in the workplace are among them. The questionnaire “Attractiveness of the profession” created by Ivanov (1999) was used to study how relationships in the workplace were related to perceptions of occupational attractiveness among students, teachers and rangers-sportsmen participating in special missions abroad. In 2012 and 2013, 46 secondary school teachers, 40 students in pedagogical specialties, and 27 sportsmen-rangers participating in special missions abroad were studied in Bulgaria. The results indicated that the students and the rangers were more satisfied with their work than the teachers were. The interpersonal relationships influenced mainly the students’ and rangers’ perceptions of occupational attractiveness. The rangers were more influenced by the relationships with the colleagues. The psycho-climate in the workplace was considered as more important by the rangers. The students were more influenced by the interpersonal communication at the workplace and their heads’ expertise. Some moderators of interpersonal relationships in the workplace were found – such as the tasks in the work, the prestige of occupation, the interaction between occupation and rewards, and the psycho-climate in the workplace.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22-30</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yuliya Chelyadyn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Timur Gonchar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lyudmila Uralova</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SOCIAL AND MENTAL REHABILITATION OF THE PATIENTS WITH THE OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER AND HYPOHONDRIASIS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">coping resource</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">coping strategy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hypochondriasis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">obsessive-compulsive disorder</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rehabilitation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/444-1484075399.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nowadays the problems of obsessive-compulsive disorders and hypochondriasis have become quite urgent. The disorders are often encountered both in mental institutions and in general medicine clinics. They are resistant to treatment and there is always a menace of them transforming into a chronic mental illness. So, it’s important to deal with the issue of the psychiatric rehabilitation (reintegration into the social environment) of those suffering from said disorders. To achieve good results psycho-social treatment and rehabilitation measures should be taken beginning from the earliest mental treatment stages. However, there are still many unclear and misunderstood points both in design and application of the rehabilitation program. In this study during the years 2012-2016 based on the previous work we have developed the programs for the group of 80 patients with said disorders. The results of the evaluation of the patient’s basic functioning after application of the programs are presented in the paper.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">77-84</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yolanda   Zografova</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SOME OF THE CHALLENGES FACING SOCIETY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">different communities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">different cultures</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">economic conditions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social psychology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2016/444-1470554305.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In the past year the international political and social situation changed significantly in Europe and its surrounding regions. The consequences are yet to unfold on a national and local level in terms of individual and societal notions and orientations within the complex events we are facing today. There is an increased number of displaced people due to dramatic events in their home countries, moving to Europe to seek refuge or better economic conditions. This has stimulated the emergence of attitudes, fears, representations within social groups and communities under various forms and often propagated and constructed by mass media, social networks and so on. Societies have gradually orientated towards accepting the diversity of ethnic groups, cultures and religions in the European countries. An increased number of citizens, however, including academics, cultural or other public figures oppose the coming of refugees and migrants and stand against politics of acceptance and recognition of incomers, both on a national and European level. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4-5</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tatjana Timofejeva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guna Svence</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ala Petrulytė</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL STUDY OF THE CONCEPT OF SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL HEALTH BY MICHAEL J. FURLONG APPLIED TO THE SELECTION OF TEENAGERS AND YOUTH</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">age phase of teenagers/youth</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">emotional intelligence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social and emotional health</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social competence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">synergic vitality</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2017/444-1484075533.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Based on the analysis of scientific research, it has been concluded that methodology &quot;Social Emotional Health Survey - Secondary&quot; (SEHS-S) with meta-construct of Covitality is a universal tool in order to define the social and emotional health of teenagers and young people; it has also been found that the meta-construct of Covitality is essentially related to other psychological constructs, such as emotional intelligence, vitality, social competence and mental health. In the research that was conducted in Riga Teacher Training and Educational Management Academy (Timofejeva, 2015), the method of M.J. Furlong has been adapted to the Russian language, Latvian language interpretation of the notion of Coviality has been proposed offering terms “Sociāli emocionālās veselības faktors” or SEV (Social and Emotional Health factor)  or “sinerģiskā vitalitāte” (“Synergic vitality”). Furthermore, theoretically constructive model of author has been created. Within this model, a new correlation has been hypothetically predicted between meta-construct of Covitality (SEV-factor) and other scientifically acknowledged psycho-social constructs and notions: psycho-social prerequisites of the SEV-factor and psychological options that depend on the level of the SEV-factor.
During the research, a selection of several teenagers and young people - students of comprehensive schools of Riga - with Russian as their native language was made (n=184). It was found that the applied methodology is valid for the selection of Russian-speaking teenagers/youth of Latvia and that it can be recommended to the psychologists of schools as a new psychometric tool for their professionally practical duties. 
The data obtained within the research is planned to be used for comparisons with a similar research conducted in Lithuania (Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences), led by prof. A. Petrulytė.
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">98-107</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viktoriia Kalamazh</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THEORETICAL PRINCIPLES OF PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ GROUP PROJECT ACTIVITY WHILE LEARNING FOREIGN LANGUAGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cognitive structures</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">expert knowledge</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">group dynamics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">group project activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">learning activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">metacognitive skills</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">subject of a group activity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2016/444-1470554515.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In this research the theoretical principles of psychological analysis of group project activity of students in the process of learning foreign language are defined on the basis of subject-activity, socio-psychological and cognitive paradigms. The approaches of different authors to the understanding of the concept of project and in particular group project activity are considered. The difficulties of the theoretical analysis of this specific notion are indicated due to the considerable variety of subjects, types and forms of the pedagogical activity, academic disciplines regarding which the researches are being carried out. Not disclosed aspects of organizing the group project activity of students are being determined, among them is a project group as an autonomous subject of joint activity for the realization students’ project activity while learning a foreign language; forming psychological readiness of teacher and student to use project method; the role of metacognitive aspect in the surrounding, where the project activity is being carried out; group functioning through the project work as a subject of group examination. It has been indicated that the analysis of project activity as an innovative technology must include its assessment as a condition of student’s developing as a subject of learning activity, his personal, socio-psychological, intellectual and professional self-perfection. Three levels of subjectivity in group project activity are being distinguished: teacher; each particular student; and student project group. Interaction between teacher and student is based on subject-subject relations. An organization of a project activity while learning a foreign language is considered as the one in which the student is moving in order to get the manager position and to master the basis of expert knowledge. Hereby, the main stress is on the group role as a subject of group examination, and also on metacognitive character of the surrounding. On the basis of conducted theoretical analysis, the new understanding of the notion of a group project activity is proposed. It is claimed, that the effectiveness of a group project activity is determined by the level of psychological readiness of students and teachers to implement it. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">31-38</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geert Franzenburg</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TRAUMA AS CHANCE AND CHALLENGE: HOW TO DRAW BENEFIT FROM MEMORIZED CHILD EXPERIENCES IN WORLD WAR II</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">child memories</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">coping strategies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grounded theory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">traumatic war experiences</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2016/444-1470554424.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Re-experiencing of traumatic memories becomes a social core-phenomenon concerning people of advanced age, and, thus, a core-challenge for coping-strategies. Therefore, adult educators and counselors are looking for an appropriate approach how to help their clients coping with such memories successfully. This study aims to demonstrate one possible approach based on religious coping and on the evalua¬tion of published memories of elder German people (Dierig, 2012; Jakobi &amp; Link, 1997), who remember their child¬hood shortly after World War II. It also evaluates published studies about this issue concerning their contribution to educational and/or counseling purposes. One main aspect is the comparison between the deferring, collaborative, and self-directing style of religious coping (Pargament, 1997), compared with secular analogies. Another aspect concerns the question, whether religious people are primary intrinsic or extrinsic oriented. In order to find out, why people prefer a particular strategy, an elementary form of grounded theory is chosen, which facilitates particular key categories and terms. The study does neither intend any own empirical research, nor evaluating therapeutic issues, because it is done from a German educational and counseling point of view. Thus, it emphasizes the religious, psycho¬logical, and cultural aspects of experiences and coping-strategies of people, who experienced War and post-war time as children in Germany, or of children expelled from Eastern Europe.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13-21</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agnieszka Siedler</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BEYOND SOCIAL SKILLS: GROUP DYNAMICS AT SOCIAL SKILLS TRAINING FOR HIGH FUNCTIONING ADOLESCENTS WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asperger Syndrome</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">group dynamics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">group intervention</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">groups’ roles</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social skills training</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2015/444-1439275819.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The usefulness of group social skills training in Autism Spectrum Disorder therapy has been well established. However, little is known about the group dynamics of this kind of intervention. The current multiple case studies were conducted to demonstrate that, despite of the functioning specifics of participants with ASD, processes associated with the dynamics of the group during group social skills training session may be noticeable. Intervention groups consisted of fifteen adolescents and preadolescents with high functioning Autism Spectrum Disorders aged between 11 to 17 years old divided into three training groups. The social skills training sessions were conducted on a weekly basis. The observation lasted for six months and it included the formation of the group, the period of stability and unexpected changes. After each group session, the therapists filled in a detailed report about the participants’ behavior and interactions between participants. Collected data were carefully analyzed for group dynamic features. It was noticed that adolescents participating in group interventions are susceptible to the influence of the group, take different individual roles and are moderately sensitive to changes in the group structure. The influence of the disorder characteristics on group dynamics was also observed. Although the results show that group dynamics can be observed at a group training for ASD, the need for further structured observation should be emphasized as a current study constituted the first approach to the subject. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20-25</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yulia F. Lakhvich</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CHALLENGES IN SCHOOL ADAPTATION AMONG ADOPTED CHILDREN</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">academic achievements</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">adaptation process</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">adoptive children</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biological families</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2015/444-1451150775.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The essential, if not the dominant part of a child’s life, takes place in the school environment as well as an adult’s life is spent at work. Therefore, a good relationship at school community and academic achievements are important for a child’s general psychological well-being. In addition, aspiration to estimate a child’s success on its progress at school is traditional. Perhaps, the most popular questions a child is asked by adults are the ones like, ”How are you doing at school?”, ”How is your study?”, &quot;What are your favorite subjects?&quot;, etc. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">64–65</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONTENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1628407989.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Contents, Vol. 9, No. 2, 2015, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">63</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONTENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1628446583.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Contents, Vol. 9, No. 1, 2015, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guna Svence</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maris Majors</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CORRELATION OF WELL-BEING WITH RESILIENCE AND AGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">acceptance of life</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">resilience</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">self-perseverance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">well-being</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">well-being indicators</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2015/444-1439275923.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Resilience and positive thinking, resilience and optimism, kindness as value could be the factors which could impact the future of our humanity and Earth as well as health and welfare of society. There is an active process of research in the positive psychology carried out in Latvia within the last ten years. The most important category of positive psychology is resilience and well-being. A lot of work has been done regarding adaptation of the concept of well-being and resilience in Latvia. There is a group of young researchers (master level students) who have made a contribution to adaptation of the concept of resilience and well-being in the science of psychology in Latvia at Riga Teacher Training and Education Management Academy (RTTEMA). A group of professors have recently made a joint research, where different samples of adults are demonstrated among the Latvian population in this article. The idea of this research is to analyse the collected secondary data on different groups of adults concerning correlation between the aspects of well-being and resilience. The aim of the research is to investigate the dimension of well-being in cognitive, eudaimonistic, hedonistic, interpersonal and spiritual (transcendent) relationship with resilience indicators - self-perseverance, self-reliance, acceptance of life, as well as the relevance of well-being indicators to age. One statement of this analysis was the hypothesis about the age as a factor which predetermines development of well-being and resilience. Methods- 1) Questionnaire on well-being (Majors, Majore, Svence, 2009), 2) Resilience scale, RS (Wagnild, Young, 1993), linguistically adapted by I. Bērziņa, G. Svence, 2011), 3) correlation and hierarchical regression analysis of the secondary data. Questions of the research: 1) what kind of correlation does exist between the indicators of well-being and resilience? 2) which well-being indicators predict these resilience indicators? 3) is there any correlation between the age and well-being? A data analysis is made in two parts within the framework of this research. Part 1 is dedicated to the examination of the research questions: 1) what kind of correlation does exist between the indicators of well-being and resilience? and 2) which well-being indicators predict these resilience indicators?, people of the Latvian population aged from 16 to 65 years were selected, 28.3% of men (N=184, M=32.1, SD=11,0 years), which was made using the secondary data of two studies (Madžule, 2013; Tauriņa, 2013). Part 2 of the research deals with the examination of the research questions 3) is there any correlation between the age and well-being?, people aged from 16 to 65 years were chosen, 24.5% of men (N=351, M=34.4, SD=11.5), which was made using the secondary data of three studies (Majors &amp; Majore, 2009; Madžule, 2013; Tauriņa, 2013). It was found out, that the indicators of well-being have a direct and a rather close correlation with the indicators of resilience which provided the answer to the research question, what kind of correlation between the indicators of well-being and resilience exists.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">45-56</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVER PAGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">end page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1628446540.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cover page, Vol. 9, No. 1, 2015, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-2</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVER PAGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cover page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1628407946.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cover page, Vol. 9, No. 2, 2015, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">61-62</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stanislava   Stoyanova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Venka Petrova</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DYNAMICS OF DEPRESSION AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN BULGARIA</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">adolescents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">depression</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">longitudinal study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">neuroticism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychoticism</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2015/444-1439275872.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Depression becomes more and more typical for adolescence. The study of dynamics of depression during the teenage years is important for differentiation of the most vulnerable periods for development of depression in this age and to be pointed out some factors that could contribute to triggering, preventing or recovering depression. This study of dynamics of depression was based on Developmental theories of dynamics of depression that relate depression to some vulnerable age groups and on the theories that relate dynamics of depression to one or more factors that trigger depression in different stages of human life. Depression in Bulgarian high – school students was compared at the beginning and at the end of the school year in a longitudinal study. 360 Bulgarian secondary school students from 9th to 12th grade were studied twice - at the beginning of the school year 2013/2014 and at the end of this school year. Several methods were used - Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale, Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. A model of dynamics of depression at upper school age in Bulgaria has been suggested. According to this model, depression slightly increases from the beginning to the end of the school year being differentiated by the types of the schools at the beginning of the school year and by the interaction of the types of schools, gender and grade at the end of the school year. Some of its correlates (anxiety, extraversion/introversion, neuroticism, and psychoticism) and social determinants (gender, school grade, and types of schools) were found. The interventions focused on diminishing anxiety, neuroticism (for example by meeting students’ expectancies) and psychoticism (developing empathy and altruism), and increasing extraversion (better communication, social support) could be effective for diminishing depression throughout the whole school year. Motivating students for participating in more extra-curriculum activities related to the students’ plans for further realisation in universities and workplace would be useful for diminishing students’ depression as the experience of special education schools indicate.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">26-44</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lediona Braho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blerta Bodinaku</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dan Pokorny</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE EFFECT OF THE ADMINISTRATION SETTINGS OF PSYCHOMETRIC TESTS ON SELF-REPORTED SYMPTOM REDUCTION</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">administration effects</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">administration settings</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CORE-OM</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cross-cultural psychometry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">self-report</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2015/444-1451150911.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Using psychometric measures as communication tools instead of automatic and mechanic tools to provide an immediate profile of the client, constitutes a relevant challenge in the domain of psychometric testing. Interventions in the psychometric measurement process can increase the utility of measures as potential therapeutic tools. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the measure administration setting in reducing self-reported symptoms. The administration setting was manipulated in respect to two factors: a) researcher-subject communication during the measure administration process, and b) information of the subject on the one-week retest procedure. The sample (N=147) included four randomly assigned groups in 2x2 design. The group A was provided both interactive administration of the questionnaire and information about its repetition in the one-week-later retest; group B was provided interactive administration without information about the retest; group C conducted self-administration without the presence of the researcher, but information about the retest was provided; the control group D conducted self-administration only, with none of both interventions. The study has shown the effect of the researcher-subject communication; the CORE-OM values decreased significantly by the retest administration in groups A and B. The study results support the understanding of the psychometrical measurement as a dynamical inter-personal process. Moreover, they provide a relevant hint for clinicians who can optimize the use of tests as potentially therapeutic tools.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">74–84 </style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rafał Abramciow</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alina Kałużna-Wielobób</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EMOTION FUNCTION, ACCORDING TO J. P. SARTRE’S PHENOMENOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">emotional function</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">human behaviour</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phenomenon of emotions</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2015/444-1451150839.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The aim of analysis is to demonstrate that phenomenological approach to nature can be useful for psychology, as it broadens the understanding of emotion. J. P. Sartre understanding of emotion nature was presented. Emotion functions according to Sartre were another focus of the research, as was comparing those functions to emotion functions specified in contemporary psychological literature. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">66–73</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">END PAGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">end page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1628408034.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">End page, Vol. 9, No. 2, 2015, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">137-140</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">END PAGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">end page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1628446625.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">End page, Vol. 9, No. 1, 2015, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">57-60</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tetiana Shyriaeva</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HOW SOCIAL STABILITY INFLUENCES THE LEVEL OF SOCIAL TRUST IN YOUNG UKRAINIANS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">concept of trust</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">human cooperation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">interpersonal relations</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Interpersonal trust</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social stability</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2015/444-1439275636.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In the light of the current events in Ukraine it appears logical to consider the concept of trust. It has always been and still functions as a cement of human cooperation. Influencing various aspects of interpersonal relations, including interpersonal, intergroup, and individual ones, it illustrates the state of the political, economic and professional ability to maintain social connections. Trust makes the basis for problem solving and is characterized with constructive correlation. Thus, it is seen as the factor of transformation of the state’s social status on its way to become democratic and transparent. Without exaggeration, it is trust that forms the ground for the majority of social processes. On the other hand, the issue of trust becomes scrutinized with special precision in the difficult or crisis periods of the country’s development. Apparently, the change in values, stereotypes, and heuristics is followed by the modification of the human ability to trust, which in this context symbolizes one’s certainty of a particular object or thing being positive in its nature. The light is shed on the issue of trust in Ukraine as nowadays it is characterized by the difficult political, economic, and social situation. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4-5</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oksana Ye. Furman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE INNOVATIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL CLIMATE: ITS SCOPE, STRUCTURE AND PARAMETERS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Climate Parameters</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychological climate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">school environment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">system of education</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2015/444-1439275762.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The research reported here was designed to investigate the notion of psychological climate. The study presents the types of climate in organizations, namely, psychological, socio-psychological, organizational, innovative and psychological and carries out their scientific analysis. In addition, it presents the author's understanding of the concepts of innovative and psychological climate and its integrated parameters (psychological impact, educational communication, multi-motivation, positive and harmonious I-concept) as multi-dimensional phenomenon of modern education. The approach used in the research is based on the parallels drawn between the abilities and efficacy of human activity in certain geographical and psychological climate conditions, thus climatic determinism approach was referred to. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14-19</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carl DeCree</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE “JŪDŌ SUKEBEI” PHENOMENON: WHEN CROSSING THE LINE MERITS MORE THAN SHIDŌ [MINOR INFRINGEMENT] ― SEXUAL HARASSMENT AND INAPPROPRIATE BEHAVIOR IN JŪDŌ COACHES AND INSTRUCTORS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child Abuse</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jurisprudence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martial Arts</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sexual Harassment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sexual offenses</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2015/444-1451207215.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The sport of jūdō was intended as an activity “for all”. Since in 1996 a major sex abuse scandal broke out that involved a Dutch top jūdō coach and several female elite athletes, international media have identified many more abuses. To date no scholarly studies exist that have examined the nature, extent, and consequences of these anomalies. We intend in this paper to review and analyze sexual abuses in jūdō. To do so we offer a descriptive jurisprudence overview of relevant court and disciplinary cases, followed by a qualitative-analytical approach looking at the potential factors that prompt jūdō-related bullying and sexual harassment. Sex offenders may be attracted to jūdō because of: 1. the extensive bodily contact during grappling, 2. the easy access to voyeuristic opportunities during contest weigh-ins and showering, 3. Jūdō’s authoritarian and hierarchical structure as basis for ‘grooming’, 4. lack of integration of jūdō’s core moral component in contemporary jūdō coach and instructor education, and 5. its increasing eroticization by elite jūdō athletes posing for nude calendars and media and by specialized pornographic jūdō manga and movies. Cultural conceptions and jurisprudence are factors that affect how people perceive the seriousness and how these offences are dealt with. A survey of 19 cases of abuse in jūdō worldwide shows that cultural conceptions and jurisprudence cause that such cases are handled in a very heterogeneous way by the law and by the jūdō governing bodies. Jūdō clubs and organizations overall suffer from a lack of expertise, intellectual insight, ethical objectivity, and solid procedures of fairness for both victim and accused, in this way often failing in both sufficiently protecting the weak from sex offenders, and in educating and reintegrating past offenders through jūdō activities that do not involve their victim target groups. Jūdō’s moral philosophy implicitly attempts to offer a utilitarian answer as to how the jūdō community should deal with serious offences. These incidents, however, continue to show the limitations of jūdō‘s utopian “prosperity for all” objective.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">85–128 </style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tahir Y. Bazarov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vladimir S. Karapetyan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Srbui R. Gevorgyan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TEAM LEADERSHIP AS A DIRECTION OF TRAINING PROFESSIONAL PSYCHOLOGISTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">joint activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Organizational Culture</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">team leadership</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">type of working group</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2015/444-1439275716.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nowadays, nearly all the specialists have to operate in unpredictable situations. The group leader has to be capable to realize effective group performance. As it has been already mentioned (Bazarov, Shevchenko, 2013), “The post-crisis era executive leader should possess such important traits as self adjustment; common sense in combination with intuition, emotions, and imagination; and the readiness to make choices in fifty-fifty situations. The most general definition of “self-adjustment” is the building of functional interconnections between (1) a subject’s actions and state and (2) the actions and state of the surrounding setting. Building such interconnections allows for introducing relevant and purposeful changes in the subject’s actions, depending on the feedback from the previous step. In other words, this is an algorithm of changes based on feedback. ”. So in our opinion, a framework is needed that integrates existing team leadership research and the full range of ways in which leadership can manifest itself within the team. 1. Four types of organization of joint activities predict the facet of the organizational culture 2. Four types of organizational culture give rise to four types of working groups 3. Four types of organizational culture assume four types of leadership as well 4. The essential difference between these cultures is determined by those forms of organization of joint activities which underlies them. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6-13</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geert Franzenburg</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VICTIM-STEREOTYPES OF POSTWAR-EXPELLEES AND THEIR SOCIAL IMPACTS: SOME REMARKS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Contextualization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ego-documents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">German expulsion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">memory-culture</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social influence</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2015/444-1451151019.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Individual or collective coping with stereotypes - as actors or victims - belongs to human history, and shows different expressions, such as “Black and White” in Africa and America, “Jews”, “Sinti and Roma”, and “East and West” in Europe; also prejudices concerning generation, sex/gender, and professions belong to this context. This essay emphasizes, in an exemplary way, on a particular aspect of stereotyping: For Germans, 1945 was (also) the year of flight and expulsion from the East to the West as a kind of master-narrative; filled with stereotypes and myths, this narrative formed their collective memory and identity. Many expellees chose narrations as their strategy to cope with their traumatic experiences. Authors, such as Otfried Preussler, transferred their personal narration into literary forms. There also can be found official documents, such as decrees, which encoded the experiences into neutral information, but, nevertheless, remain traces of human tragedies. Also, modern interpretations of these events show emotional fillings and balance between close and distant style. The following short evaluation of published documents explains, how people cope with traumatic situations and experiences during a particular historical situation by using stereotypes; by evaluating different kinds of social influence on these stereotypes, the research demonstrates the complexity of stereotypes and the need of contextualization. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">129–136</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ivana Poledňová</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zdenka Stránská</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hana Niedobová</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN RELATION TO THEIR SOCIAL POSITION IN THE CLASS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">achievement motivation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social position</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sociometry</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1403293992.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The study was based on a theoretical presumption that social climate and relationships in the class can be in specific ways connected with students’ achievement motivation. Previous research in the area of student motivation was mostly based on self-reports and was therefore focused on explicit motives, i.e. personal goals which the respondents strived for. Self-report measures of motivation, however, can be affected by biases and misperceptions of one’s own self. Our study approached achievement motivation at its implicit, i.e. non-conscious level. It was conducted with students in five classes of a secondary school, N = 138, 107 female and 31 male, with an average age of 17 years. The respondents were administered a sociometric questionnaire and the projective Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) in McClelland´s adaptation using Heckhausen´s content-analytical clue for the measurement of achievement motivation. The hypothesized relation between social position in class and achievement motivation was only partly supported. Affiliation was unrelated to achievement motivation, even when analyzed for both achievement motives separately. We found a slight negative relationship between influence in the class and achievement motivation, especially with the motive to achieve success. These results, partly diverging from theoretical presumptions, can be explained in terms of specific features of the sample as well as a general methodological disparity in previous research, especially a lack of differentiation between implicit and explicit motives in the interpretation of the findings.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">61-70</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tatiyana B. Kolyshkina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elena V. Markova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tatiana V. Yurieva</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ASSESSMENT OF EFFICIENCY OF PSYCHOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF INFLUENCE IN SOCIAL ADVERTISING</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">commercial advertising</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychological influence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychological influence mechanisms</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social advertising</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1420790145.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The main aim of the research is to estimate the efficiency of psychological influence mechanisms in social advertising. Numerous psychological, sociological, culturological studies, devoted to this issue, do not answer the question which mechanisms will be efficient and will lead to the expected reaction of a recipient. The correlation between the psychological influence methods and the goals set by the creators is especially important for social advertising, because its efficiency can’t be measured by economic indicators as it occurs in commercial advertising. In addition, it should be remembered that for guaranteeing of efficiency in this kind of advertising one need to take into account such special features of a recipient as their beliefs and sets. The study concentrates on the comparison of psychological influence mechanisms, used in World Wildlife Fund (WWF) social advertising. Its creators use a great number of methods. But as practice shows us by no means all of them lead to the planned results. The study justifies, that the efficiency of advertising influence should be estimated by such indicators as the willingness of a recipient to take part in WWF programs (conative component) and their emotional response (affective component). Consequently, it has been established that the behaviour of a recipient does not depend on a chosen creative strategy’s type, which is used by the creators. The willingness of a recipient to take part in the programs, advertised by WWF, is estimated by the content of their social and psychological sets (attitudes). The displayed results prove that one need to refuse a cruel and shocking way of advertising, which causes people’s negative emotions. It is corroborated by experiments that social advertising which defends wild nature can be efficient on condition that it gives a recipient an opportunity to actualize their own social and psychological sets. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><orig-pub><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ОЦЕНКА ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ МЕХАНИЗМОВ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯ В СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ РЕКЛАМЕ</style></orig-pub><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">172-183</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONTENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1628530799.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Contents, Vol. 8, No. 2, 2014, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">139</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONTENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1628600265.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Contents, Vol. 8, No. 1, 2014, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVER PAGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cover page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1628530747.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cover page, Vol. 8, No. 2, 2014, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">137-138</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVER PAGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cover page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1628600227.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cover page, Vol. 8, No. 1, 2014, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-2</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">END PAGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">end page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1628530860.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">End page, Vol. 8, No. 2, 2014, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">200</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">END PAGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">end page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1628600313.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">End page, Vol. 8, No. 1, 2014, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">130-136</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maia Mestvirishvili</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Natia Mestvirishvili</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khatuna Martskvishvili</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luiza Arutinov</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EXAMINING ADULT’S IDENTITY STATUSES: ADAPTIVE VS. MALADAPTIVE DIMENSION</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">adolescence period</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ego identity development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ego identity status</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychosocial factors</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1420789976.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">To achieve the status of ego identity remains the most important challenge for the adolescence period and consequently is a challenge for developmental psychologists too. The vast majority of studies focus on understanding the dynamics of ego identity development, however, factors that cause different path of development remained unclear. This study aims at tracking the paths, which differentiate ego statuses from finding psychosocial factors contributing to ego identity achievement. For this purpose the relationships between four identity statuses - achievement, exploration, moratorium and foreclosure and number of psychosocial variables such as attachment style, self-esteem and perfectionism have been examined. 386 school teenagers aged 14-17 (M = 15.48) filled a set of questionnaires comprised of four instruments: The Ego Identity Process Questionnaire (EIPQ), The Measure of Attachment Qualities (MAQ), The Perfectionism Inventory (PI) and Adult Sources of Self-Esteem Inventory (ASSEI). Discriminant analysis revealed two basic dimensions (adaptive and maladaptive), which are capable to depict the difference between ego identity statuses. The first discriminant function of ego identity status is primarily defined by conscientious perfectionism and secured attachment; whereas, the second discriminant function consists of avoidance attachment, self-evaluative perfectionism and ambivalent attachment styles. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">152-160</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Julie Q. Morrison</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rebecca L. Rahschulte</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lauren McKinley</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Allison M. Maxwell</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EXAMINING INTERVENTION EFFECTIVENESS AND EFFICIENCY OUTCOMES IN SINGLE-CASE DESIGN STUDIES</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">intervention efficiency</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">level of effectiveness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">school psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">single-case designs</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1420790074.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The research literature on evidence-based academic interventions focuses predominantly on measures of intervention effectiveness. Intervention efficiency measures, in contrast, include the dimension of time required to achieve a level of effectiveness. The purpose of this study was to review the research literature for single-case design studies that included measures of both effectiveness and efficiency for academic (i.e., reading, math, writing, and spelling) interventions in schools. The study reviewed single-case design research on academic interventions published in six dominant peer-reviewed journals in school psychology between 2003-2013: School Psychology Review, School Psychology Quarterly, Psychology in the Schools, Journal of School Psychology, Journal of Behavioral Education, and the Journal of Evidence-Based Practices for Schools. The results of this study suggest that intervention efficiency measures are largely absent from the academic intervention research. The implications of this study are that both effectiveness and efficiency measures need to be considered as they each provide a unique contribution to determining the impact of an academic intervention. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">161-171</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Birutė   Jakubkaitė</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rimantas  A.  Kočiūnas</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EXPERIENTIAL GROUPS IN THE TRAINING OF GROUP COUNSELORS AND THERAPISTS: A VIEW FROM TRAINEES PERSPECTIVE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">counselor in training</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">experiential group</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">group counselors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">group therapists</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1403293563.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Many theorists and practitioners believe that integration of theoretical knowledge, observation of proficient group counselor work, supervision of personal work with groups and personal experience as a group member help future group therapists to acquire skills necessary for group counseling. Personal experience can be acquired through participation in experiential groups. As it is little known of the personal experience of experiential group members, it is not sufficiently clear whether insights and opinions of these members are consistent with those emphasized in the literature about experiential groups in the training context. The aim of this research is to provide a structured description of experiences of experiential group participants in the training context: how trainees perceive experiential groups in the training context. To achieve this aim, a qualitative study strategy was employed which is particularly appropriate in cases when a research object has been little explored and results of available studies are controversial. The research was organized and carried out on the basis of the principles and requirements of thematic analysis. Students from one and the same Group Therapy training program of the Institute of Humanistic and Existential Psychology (Birštonas, Lithuania) were chosen for this research. In addition to theoretical lectures, program participants went through three experiential groups that were led by experienced group counselors. The work of the group was observed by two program supervisors. Participants of the research were 8 persons aged from 29 to 48. Semi-structured interviews were used to gather research data. The participants were asked to share their experiences, mostly focusing on experiential groups. The analysis of the gathered data crystallized around 5 themes: preliminary expectations; goals of the experiential group; weakness and unsafety of the experiential group; experiential group process continuity; and experiential group as a tool for giving meaning to knowledge and personal transformations. The analysis of research findings revealed that the purpose of experiential groups in training, which is attached most attention in professional literature, i.e. giving meaning to knowledge and facilitation of personal changes, represents only one component in the perceptions of this group. A relationship between the experiential group participants and the group which determines the perception of the group also encompasses preliminary expectations of the participants, their concerns about the goals of the group, realization of weakness and unsafety of the group, and experience of the group process continuity. The analysis of findings paid attention to the importance of identification and definition of group goals. The participants of the group had ambiguous and vague understanding of the group goals, where the group itself was perceived as lacking coherence and commonness. In addition, the analysis of research findings also revealed that differences among group participants impede the formation of the feeling of commonness. This should encourage both researchers and practitioners to pay attention to the selection of participants to experiential groups and programs. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">36-46</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bilyana B. Yordanova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lyudmil D. Krastev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nikolay Iv. Ivantchev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FACTORIAL STRUCTURE AND PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF ATTITUDES TO ECONOMIC DEPENDENCE OR INDEPENDENCE IN A SAMPLE OF BULGARIAN CITIZENS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">attitudes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dependent person</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychometric properties</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1403293515.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rising interactions of asymmetrical exchange as a consequence of unequal access to economic resources create status differences between people. In that way some people are provided with authority benefits while the others are in dependent position. The situation of economic dependence arises when the object is seen by the subject like a unique source for personal needs gratification. The degree of dependence is right proportional to the object’s subjective significance for a particular person, group, organization, etc. This statement provokes the problem of dependence as a psychological phenomenon that defines personal behavior and the character of interactions in respect of actual needs gratification. Contrary, economic independence is associated with these resources that are the result of personal incomes, property, and capital dividends.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">26-35</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nina Yuditseva</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE JUDGMENTS CONTENT ABOUT THE OTHERS IS CONDITIONED BY THE SELF-STRUCTURE OF THE PERSON</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">motivated cognition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">person judgments</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">perspective-taking</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">self-centered strategy</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1403294232.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The article presents a conceptual model explaining the genesis of person judgments about the others as mediated by motivation regulation. The model is drawn from knowledge theory which has been designed by Losskiy and Frank at the first half of the twentieth century and pertains to phenomenological branch of Non Marxism epistemology. They consider a person body as an external object implicitly existing along with the other objects in person’s cognition without awareness. Self –regulation of Big Two motives makes sensory and insensible mental person’s motives on the one hand and external to him on the other hand to be organized into representation’s structure. The self appears to be the structure of motives’ representation “I-not I” to the person. Self-structure is expected to define perspective-taking of another person and judgment regarding him. The present research checks whether participant’s judgments regarding himself and of the others are related to his motivation strategy. The strategy of innate Big Two motivation was revealed by Szondy test, the test of incomplete utterances was used for discovering of the judgments about itself and of the others. Correspondence analysis (Greenacre) confirms that unconscious taking perspective by the participant regarding himself and of the others is depended upon his motivation strategy. Taking the perspective &quot;not I, the others&quot; is conditioned by impersonal strategy; the perspective &quot;I and the others&quot; is related by self-determined strategy. The focus &quot;I, not the others&quot; relates to self-centered strategy while communicative one takes “not I, not the others&quot; perspective. In addition the significant positive correlation was discovered between participant’s motivation strategy and judgment’s preference in the aggregate of all utterances about others, and also it was proved natural the absence of this in the aggregate of all utterances about itself. Participant’s motivation strategy by default provides two perspectives of utterance about others. However both impersonal and self-determined strategy significant correlates with only one judgment about the others respectively with “the estimate” and with adequate “about the others” while communicative and self-centered strategy correlates with expected two judgments. Impact of agential motives or another’s action/utterances on choice of judgment about the others is conditioned by person’s motivation strategy. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><orig-pub><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">СОДЕРЖАНИЕ СУЖДЕНИЙ О ДРУГИХ ОБУСЛОВЛЕНО СТРУКТУРОЙ Я ИНДИВИДА </style></orig-pub><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">109-129</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elena Cattelino</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Federica Graziano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emanuela Calandri</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE MEDIATING ROLE OF ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN OPTIMISM AND DEPRESSION IN EMERGING ADULTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">depression</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">emerging adults</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">romantic relationship</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1403293421.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The existing literature showed that higher depression is linked to less optimism and to poor quality of romantic relationship, but studies considering the role of both optimism and romantic relationship on depression among emerging adults are lacking. The aims of the study were: 1) to describe the quality of romantic relationship, optimism and depression in a group of Italian emerging adults; 2) to examine the relation between optimism and depression; 3) to investigate the possible mediating role of quality of romantic relationship on the relation between optimism and depression. The study involved 228 emerging adults (59% girls), aged from 18 to 22 (mean age= 19.5, standard deviation=1.2). Optimism was assessed through the Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R; Scheier et al., 1994), depression through the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Short Depression Scale (CES-D 10; Andresen et al., 1994) and quality of romantic relationships through the Romance Qualities Scale (RQS; Ponti et al., 2010). Main results showed a partial mediating effect of quality of romantic relationship between optimism and depression: less optimistic emerging adults reported higher depression, but the effect of lack of optimism was mediated by a good relationship with the partner. Implications for theory and practice were discussed.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6-15</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Svеtlana Husakivska</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MODERN STUDENTS’ VALUES</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">modern students and their values</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">socio-cultural factor</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">socio-cultural traditions</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1403294111.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The research results of modern youth’s values, considering Ukrainian and Belarusian students, as future specialists in pre-school institutions of the countries mentioned, are revealed in the article. These values prove to be important regulators of students’ behavior, self-determination, personal and professional development. Purposeful becoming of preschool age children’s educators seems to be especially up-to date. Students turn to be the role models of norms, rules and ideals for new generations. Well-known Schwartz’s “Value Inventory” technique is used to determine modern students’ values. Firstly, it gives the opportunity to identify values at the level of assurance and the actual behaviour of a personality. The experiment reveals that the values of kindness and following the traditions are of primary importance for all the respondents. Secondly, Ukrainian students seem to appreciate the values of independence, kindness and achievements; Belarusian – agreeableness, tradition and universalism. However, statistically significant differences between the samples are not confirmed. This, indeed, reveals the impact of the respondents’ nature in following similar East Slavic nations’ socio-cultural traditions, principles and norms, territorial proximity of Ukraine and Belarus, their spiritual kinship.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">85-96</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yulia F. Lakhvich</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MOTHERHOOD EXPERIENCE: ADOPTIVE AND BIOLOGICAL MOTHERS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">adoptive mothers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biological mothers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">comparative research</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">motherhood experience</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1420789877.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">To become a mother … To be a mother … What does it mean for a woman? And what else changes her life so irreversibly, allows to see the world in a different way and discovers new, earlier unknown features? Probably, nothing does. However, there is also a question how a woman bearing a child and carrying out motherhood responsibilities and a woman who has not given life to a child, but carrying out the same responsibilities, goes through the process of motherhood. It is one of the questions that was studied in a comparative research of the adaptation process in the Belarusian adoptive and biological families in case of a child appearing in the family. The study involved 64 adoptive and 62 biological mothers. Thus, what are the differences revealed in the study between adoptive and biological mothers? To begin with, the differences were found in how mothers from both groups evaluate the nature of their personal child acceptance and its acceptance by other family members. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">140-142</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Galyna Gandzilevska</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tetiana Shyriaieva</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE PECULIARITIES OF NATIONAL IDENTITY OF AUSTRALIAN UKRAINIANS IN THE WORKS OF L. BOHUSLAVETS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">active social participation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Content analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">national character</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">national identity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1403293468.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">After a period of continuous troubles that Ukraine has witnessed over a period of its history, the issue of national identity today appears to be more acute than ever before. It is explained by various reasons that are not under consideration in this research. However, the notion of national identity, its factors and modern perspectives are of a great scientific importance. Amid the principles of identity there is one that refers to the existential feeling of belonging and the desire to unite in factions with those who share similar interests. Besides, national identity is viewed as the factor that affects the preservation and development of the Ukrainian nation. The paper presents the research with aim to define the national identity and its integral parts that are essential for identity preservation. National identity is understood as a collective structure that illustrates how similar or different the elements of society are. Five factors of national identity that are considered in the paper are the collective identification that is realized in religious and cultural beliefs, common history and the feeling of belonging, active social life, which is illustrated by one’s participation in cultural activities, geographical belonging and national character that is a set of cultural believes followed by the representatives of a particular national group. The literary work of Lesia Bohuslavets, a Ukrainian immigrant who lives in Australia, is under consideration in this paper. She was defined as a writer under analysis as she is viewed as an example of those conscientious Ukrainians who feel responsible for cultural and national preservation. The literary work “My Australian kuma” of Lesia Bohuslavets was analysed by means of content analysis which is a statistic means of language evaluation. The result of content analysis proved that national character and active social life categories were marked with the highest variables. It means that exactly these factors are the most influential in the context of national identity preservation. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16-25</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juliana Beatriz Stover</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agustín Freiberg Hoffmann</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guadalupe de la Iglesia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mercedes Fernández Liporace</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PREDICTING ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT: THE ROLE OF MOTIVATION AND LEARNING STRATEGIES</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">academic achievement</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">learning strategies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">motivation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1403294062.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The aim of this study consists in testing a predictive model of academic achievement including motivation and learning strategies as predictors. Motivation is defined as the energy and the direction of behaviors; it is categorized in three types of motivation –intrinsic, extrinsic and amotivation (Deci &amp; Ryan, 1985). Learning strategies are deliberate operations oriented towards information processing in academic activities (Valle, Barca, González &amp; Núñez, 1999). Several studies analysed the relationship between motivation and learning strategies in high school and college environments. Students with higher academic achievement were intrinsically motivated and used a wider variety of learning strategies more frequently. A non-experimental predictive design was developed. The sample was composed by 459 students (55.2% high-schoolers; 44.8% college students). Data were gathered by means of sociodemographic and academic surveys, and also by the local versions of the Academic Motivation Scale –EMA, Echelle de Motivation en Éducation (Stover, de la Iglesia, Rial Boubeta &amp; Fernández Liporace, 2012; Vallerand, Blais, Briere &amp; Pelletier, 1989) and the Learning and Study Strategies Inventory –LASSI (Stover, Uriel &amp; Fernández Liporace, 2012; Weinstein, Schulte &amp; Palmer, 1987). Several path analyses were carried out to test a hypothetical model to predict academic achievement (Kline, 1998). Results indicated that self-determined motivation explained academic achievement through the use of learning strategies. The final model obtained an excellent fit (χ2=16.523, df= 6, p=0.011; GFI=0.987; AGFI=0.955; SRMR=0.0320; NFI=0.913; IFI=0.943; CFI=0.940). Results are discussed considering Self Determination Theory and previous research.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">71-84</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alejandro Loya-Jimenez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Godeleva R. Ortiz-Viveros</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Armando J. Martínez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gabriel Gutiérrez-Ospina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tania Romo-González</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PSYCHOSOCIAL STRESS AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN PREGNANT ADOLESCENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">coping strategies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pregnancy interventions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">quality of life perception</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">stress symptoms</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1403293633.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In México, perinatal maternal mortality constitutes the tenth cause of death among women between 15 and 29 years of age. Even though the factors that increase the risk of death of young Mexican pregnant women are unclear, it is possible that the psychosocial stress imposed upon them could impair their life’s quality in such a profound way that pulls their organisms into a cataclysmic event. To begin exploring the merits of this presumption, we conducted a study aimed at evaluating whether psychosocial stress impacts negatively on the adolescent pregnant women’s perception of their quality of life, and thus on their health. One hundred and twenty two pregnant women between 14 and 35 years of age were asked to fill out three questionnaires designed to gather information on background factors, stress symptoms and the perception of their quality of life and health. These data were cross-correlated by using a Pearson correlation analysis. Even though the perceived stress and the estimated quality of life were similar between adolescent and non-adolescent pregnant women, the former were more concerned about their restrictions to have free time and to have readily access to medical attention than the latter. Non-adolescent pregnant women had significantly greater emotional support from their families. Also, there was a relationship between the stress symptoms and the quality of life perception in pregnancy and this relationship varies in adolescent and non-adolescents. These results mean that nonetheless the level of stress symptoms do not vary with the pregnancy age; it has a different kind of impact on the quality of life perception, which may be used in the development of targeted interventions. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">47-60</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khatuna Martskvishvili</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maia Mestvirishvili</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND PERSONALITY DISORDER SYMPTOMATOLOGY</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">emotional intelligence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">emotional personality dispositions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">quantitative study</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1420789926.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disturbances in emotion are associated with the most of the diagnostic criteria of the personality disorders, though the role of emotional intelligence in the diagnosis of personality disorders has been the subject of limited research. The present study was designed to investigate the relationships between trait emotional intelligence (trait EI) and personality disorder symptomatology in an undergraduate student sample. One hundred and twenty university students (28.3% male and 71.7 % female; M of age = 19.23, SD=2.45) were administered with (1) Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue) (Petrides, 2009), along with (2) The Personality Disorder Questionnaire-4 (PDQ-4) (Hyler E. Steven, 1994). A multivariate analysis of variance revealed a significant main effect for group with individuals without any personality disorder symptomatology scoring significantly higher than individuals with some personality accentuations on most TEIQue facets. The results suggest that different components of emotional intelligence contribute to the development of different personality disorder symptomatology, but more research is required to replicate the results with the clinical population. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">143-151</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tetiana Shyriaieva</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH: NATURE AND METHODOLOGY</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">efficiency of research</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">general knowledge</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">research in psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">scientific research</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1403293364.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In this edition of scientific journal Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century scientific research is viewed from the perspective of the complexity of its nature and difficulty of its realization. It is no surprise that nowadays psychology goes through the process of its intensive development that results in the appearance of numerous researches in this sphere. However, the question is how novel or scientifically approved the research should be or how much empirical data has it to contain to be claimed scientifically relevant or interesting. It is not simply the issue of cohesion or scientific grammar that is based on a clear understanding of an algorithm of the whole researching activity when the hypothesis is to be formulated. It is unquestioned as scientific research usually means theory, practice, research question and personal experience. It is even not about the structure of any qualitative research as it in most cases contains general overview and research question that is masterly organized in introduction, discussion of literature or the section of topic discourse. It rather means the necessity to dispute the methodological aspects of any scientific work that is a research design and methods that help gather data and analyse it, proving the trustworthiness of the study. However, methodology and set of scientific methods used in the research are to be viewed as two different notions. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4-5</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viktoriia Voloshyna</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&quot;SOMETHING SIMILAR I’VE ALREADY LEARNED, THUS I EASILY WILL REMEMBER IT!&quot;: THE EASE-OF-PROCESSING HEURISTIC AS A SOURCE IN METAMEMORY JUDGMENTS UNDER PROACTIVE INTERFERENCE CONDITION</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ease-of-processing heuristic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">metacognitive ability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">metamemory judgments</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">proactive interference (PI)</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1420790218.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In line with some metamemory literature, people are unable to predict the influence of interference on their metacognitive ability to prognosticate future memory performance (Eakin, 2005). However, according to other researchers, there are certain circumstances in which an individual can predict the factors that restrict access to the target information in memory (Maki, 1999; Diaz &amp; Benjamin, 2011). Henceforth, this study is aimed at investigating the ease of processing heuristics as a source of errors on the meta-level in terms of proactive interference (PI), as well as the conditions under which it is possible to avoid its negative impact on the accuracy of different types of metamemory judgments. To do this, we encouraged participants to make metamemory judgments (e.g., EOL, JOL) under the time pressure and without it (non-analytic and analytic groups) in two different conditions (interference and control). Our findings demonstrate that (i) fast metamemory judgments are based on ease-of-processing heuristics, which enhances the “illusion of knowing” (see Eakin, 2005); (ii) inferences during study allocation can diminish the effect of the “illusion of knowing” phenomenon. In addition, analytic inference leads to more accurate metamemory performance under PI condition. In addition, analytical metamemory judgments are more accurate under PI condition; also it should be concluded that, despite the fact that the primary source of information in making EOL judgments is ease-of-processing heuristics, in this process some other resources, analogical to JOL judgments, were involved. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><orig-pub><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">«ЧТО-ТО ПОХОЖЕЕ Я УЖЕ УЧИЛ, С ЛЕГКОСТЬЮ ЗАПОМНЮ И ЭТО!»: ЭВРИСТИКА ЛЕГКОСТИ ОБРАБОТКИ КАК ИСТОЧНИК ИНФОРМАЦИИ СУЖДЕНИЙ МЕТАПАМЯТИ В УСЛОВИЯХ ПРОАКТИВНОЙ ИНТЕРФЕРЕНЦИИ </style></orig-pub><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">184-194</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Svetlana Stavytska</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">STRUCTURAL AND DYNAMIC MODEL OF SPIRITUAL SELF-CONSCIOUSNESS AND FEATURES OF ITS DEVELOPMENT AT YOUNG AGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ability of self-awareness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">multidimensional reality</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">spiritual self-consciousness</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1403294164.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spiritual self-consciousness is an integral holistic systemic-structural phenomenon, characterized by the certain development level and worldview orientation towards informative and cognitive, emotional and sensual, behavioral and activity motivational and volitional components, represented by the physical, psychic and socio-cultural self-consciousness and is expressed in personal, individual and group forms of self-consciousness. Spirituality of young personality is determined by the development level of its spiritual self-consciousness. Genesis of spiritual self-consciousness is a multidimensional reality that unites individual physical, mental and sociocultural life of the person; is a development process of youth’s ability to integrated understanding of various aspects of his/her own &quot;Self&quot;, self-awareness and personal development as existential and responsible subject of life activity. Integration process of all personality structures most intensively takes place at the stage of youth, because this age is sensitive to the actualization of spiritual self-consciousness. The ability of the individual to become self-aware, one occurs under the conditions when the contents of teaching and educational process are adequate to the age and capabilities of the individual and take into account available area of actual and potential basic components development of the self-consciousness and integration in the development of spiritual self-consciousness. Effective means for the developing ability of self-awareness is the best use of the advantages and opportunities of the leading activity and orientation at the age in the process of correlation levels of development and configuration features (harmonic, disharmonious, balanced) components of self-consciousness in young age. Genesis of spiritual self-consciousness of a person is determined by the peculiarities of the main types of self-consciousness (physical, psychic, social and cultural) and correlation levels (individual-personal, personal-individual, individual-subject, subject-transcendent) with defined configuration (harmonic, disharmonious, balanced) of its basic components: informative and cognitive, emotional and sensual, behavioural and activity motivational and volitional. Motivational and volitional component combines the activates, directs and coordinates the action of other components, the development of spiritual self-consciousness at young age based on the following new formation: world view, personal identity and &quot;Self-concept&quot; personality and through the mechanisms of empathy, reflection, identification decentration, self-understanding, self-attitude, self-acceptance feedback and self-volitional decision that promotes the integration of Real Self and Ideal Self and provides integrative formation of the Spiritual Self. &quot;Spiritual Self&quot; is defined as an integrated and hierarchically highest form of psychical reflection, representing the level of the spiritual self-consciousness in young age. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><orig-pub><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">СТРУКТУРНО-ДИНАМИЧЕСКАЯ МОДЕЛЬ ДУХОВНОГО САМОСОЗНАНИЯ И ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЕГО РАЗВИТИЯ В ЮНОШЕСКОМ ВОЗРАСТЕ </style></orig-pub><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">97-108</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ilona   Skuja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aleksejs   Vorobjovs</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Larisa   Abelite</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE ADAPTATION OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE POSITIVE AND DESTRUCTIVE FAMILY</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">adolescent deviance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dysfunctional family</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">questionnaire adaptation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1400504262.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In order to be able to correct the asocial behaviour of adolescents, several factors that can have POSITIVE AND DESTRUCTIVE FAMILY an effect on the issue must be understood, these being biological, social, and psychological, as well as understanding the context of the situation itself. Various methods were used to research valuable adolescent family environments, including the questionnaire entitled Positive and Destructive Family, which was developed by Russian authors (Опросник “Конструктивно-деструктивная семья” (КДС), Эйдемиллер, Юстицкис). Since this methodology was not available to researchers in Latvian, the first step to be taken was to adapt this method to the cultural environment of Latvia. (The author’s consent has been received for the use of the questionnaire in scientific work.) The adaptation of the method allows the following steps to be implemented (Hambleton &amp; Patsula, 1998; 1999; 2000; Van de Vijver &amp; Hambleton, 1996): the translation and backward translation of questionnaire observing the context of the cultural environment; empirical verification of the translated questionnaire, thereby establishing its reliability and validity in accordance with the psychometric indicators used to provide a validity check on the factors illustrated in the source survey; the administration of the survey in the new cultural environment; documentation showing the adaptation of the questionnaire and the development of the interpretation of the survey’s values. To date, only some of the aforementioned steps have been implemented and presented. Respondents from sixty families participated in the survey (all of whom were aged in group of 31-68, and who included 42 women and eighteen men). The survey consists of twenty statements to which respondents will reply either positively or negatively (this being the dichotomy scale). Further tasks are related to the complete adaptation and application there of in population surveys in Latvia. Another method for family study that has been adapted in Latvia provides more extensive opportunity for further empirical studies, and will also provide a useful set of instruments for practitioners in psychology. </style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">49-56</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ana Carolina   Braz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria da Luz   Cabral</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Susana Maria   Gonçalves Coimbra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anne Marie Victorine   Germaine Fontaine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zilda Aparecida   Pereira Del Prette</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AGEING IN LUSOPHONE COUNTRIES: THE IMPACT OF AGE-SPECIFIC LEGISLATION ON THE RECOGNITION OF RIGHTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lusophone countries</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">older persons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">recognition of rights</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1400503982.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The ageing phenomenon of the 21 St Century has led to an increased need of public policies to protect the rights of the older population. An example is the Law of the Rights of Older Persons, a Brazilian legislation. Some countries still lack this kind of legislation, which may cause more vulnerability among this population. The exercise of interpersonal rights in daily life requires recognition of general and specific duties, beyond the competence to exercise them. Considering that the first step in the exercise of rights is to recognize them, the goals of this descriptive study are: (a) presenting some exploratory and inferential data on the recognition of rights, from the responses of 60 elderly (30 Brazilian and 30 Portuguese) to an eight-item questionnaire regarding to the Law for the Rights of Older Persons, (b) discussing the importance of the elderly rights in the Brazilian and Portuguese contexts. In general, the Brazilian sample presented higher scores than the Portuguese sample for the recognition of three rights (priority assistance, free issuing of documents, reserved parking spaces) which might be related to the existence of a legislation in Brazil but not in Portugal. Both groups reported higher scores only of awareness of rights, medium scores for exercising rights and low scores for discrimination of unrespected rights and for mobilization of feelings of justice, which points to possible difficulties to claim for their rights. These findings may indicate that age-specific legislation is a necessary but not sufficient condition to prevent violence against the older persons. We discuss the importance of research and psychosocial interventions to promote the necessary skills for the older persons claim and defend their rights.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6-15</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thomas   Heinen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Damian   Jeraj</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE ATHLETES’ BODY SHAPES THE ATHLETES’ MIND – NEW PERSPECTIVES ON MENTAL ROTATION PERFORMANCE IN ATHLETES</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">functional equivalence hypothesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rotation preference</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sensory-motor experience</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1400504090.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mentally rotating the image of an object is one fundamental cognitive ability in humans. Recent theoretical developments and empirical evidences highlight the potential role of the sensory-motor system, when analysing and understanding mental rotation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of specific sensory-motor experience on mental rotation performance in gymnasts. N = 40 male gymnasts with either clockwise or anticlockwise rotation preference in a forward twisting layout salto performed a psychometric mental rotation test with either rotation-preference congruent or rotation-preference incongruent stimuli. Results revealed that choice reaction times differed clearly as a function of Angular Rotation between the stimuli figures. Gymnasts who preferred a clockwise rotation preference showed faster choice reaction times when the rotation direction of the reference figure was clockwise, and vice versa. The results clearly support the notion, that mental rotation performance varies as a function of sensory-motor system characteristics between different people. It is concluded, that sensory-motor experience in a particular sport may facilitate cognitive processing of experience-congruent stimuli. This may be advantageous for situations in which people are engaged in observing sport performance (i.e., judges, coaches). This conclusion could furthermore contribute to the training of athletes from sports such as sky-diving, scuba-diving, and climbing, where losses of spatial orientation can be life-threatening. 
 
</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">23-31</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arkadiusz   Urbanek</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES OF RECIDIVISTS AS PREDICATORS OF CRIMINOGENIC LIFESTYLE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">childhood</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pathogenic factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">socialization</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1400504385.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The research tackles the issue of the reconstruction of childhood experiences of recidivists. The aim of these reflections is to search for cause and effect relation between socialisation experiences and further criminogenic lifestyle. It is an interdisciplinary work due to the fact that the issue of socialisation, transmission of behaviour patterns and environmental influences reflect scientific domains of psychology, criminology and resocialisation pedagogy. Accomplishing the objective to reconstruct experiences and their relation with subsequent deviant activities a source material from auto-anamnestic interviews was applied. During the research 100 respondents aged 22 to 30 were interviewed. Each of them has already been sentenced repeatedly for criminal offences, serving the punishment of deprivation of liberty. The research was conducted in 2013. In terms of methodology the data analysis concentrated on the qualitative model of structural and reconstruction research, whereas the results were presented within cause-effect matrixes. The construction of each matrix was designed to classify and present common areas of experiences that occurred within biographies of the individual respondents. Therefore, the research, despite its qualitative nature, categorised the socialisation experiences and the predicators of criminogenic lifestyle subject to subgroup classification. The procedure of analysis was dual, i.e. the cause matrixes of 33 random cases were firstly designed, and then applied to replicate the experiences of the rest of the respondents from the group. It allowed not only to distinguish similar experiences but also consolidated the matrixes as tools for further interpretation. The results of research of socialisation experiences and predicators of criminogenic lifestyle are applicable for penitentiary resocialisation practice and psychological support for the prisoners. Moreover, the research results revealed crucial areas of disturbances, such as isolation from the relatives, void of emotional contacts, susceptibility to deviant group influences, or reducing the hierarchy of values to the desires of possession, unfulfilled in their childhood.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">66-82</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ivana Poledňová</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CHILDREN´S ANXIETY AND PARENTING STYLES IN FAMILY IN EIGHT-YEAR-OLDS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">anxiety</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">anxious children</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">parenting styles</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1400504133.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anxiety is a recurrent topic in personality psychology of today. According to Z. Matějček’s (1991) estimation, the issue of anxiety assumes the third place as for the number of clients in children’s counselling service (behind the issue of intellectual capabilities and ADHD) in the Czech Republic. In children where it occurs to a higher degree, it can have a negative impact on their socialisation, achievements, development of self-confidence. The most influential factor in developing an anxious personality appears to be family environment. If the family fails to satisfy the child’s basic needs – feeling of security and confidence – the child’s development can be in jeopardy. The current research is concentrated on how the style of parenting in families (the so-called parenting styles) is related to anxiety in children at a younger school age. The aim of the research is to find out what relationship there is between the individual components of parenting in families (positive – negative component, component of requirements – freedom) and anxiety in eight-year-olds. These relationships were inquired into from mothers’ perspective by means of questionnaire surveys (Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale and Questionnaire for acquiring the parenting style in family). The data from 407 mothers of eight-year-old children have been analysed. An assumption that anxiety in children of younger school age is significantly influenced by parenting styles in family has been confirmed. The most anxious children appear to be children raised in families with a negative parental emotional involvement towards the child and at the same time with discordant control. They were also some differences in the importance of individual components of parenting by fathers and mothers for anxious orientation of the child identified.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">32-39</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Donald I.   Templer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lynette   Bassman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Christine   Szostak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rhoda Myra   Graces-Bacsal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hiroko   Arikawa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anne   Petrovich</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONSTRUCTION AND PARTIAL VALIDATION OF AN ANIMAL USE INVENTORY</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">animal use</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">companionship</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ethnicity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1400504340.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A 78-item Animal Use Inventory was constructed. Previous animal attitude scales have centered on affection, bonding, companion animal ownership, animal-human continuity, and general attitudes toward animals, but not use of animals. The present inventory has six scales: Sports and Entertainment, Hunting, Working and Service, Research, Fur, and Loving and Affection. Men scored higher on the Hunting, Research, Entertainment, and Service scales. National Rifle Association members scored higher than animal protection society members on the Hunting and Fur scales. In general, the scales correlated positively with each other but negatively with the Loving and Affection scale. Nevertheless, caution was urged because of the unimpressive Cronbach’s alphas on some of the scales. Further development is recommended.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">57-65</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONTENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1632582431.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Discontinuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Contents, Vol. 7, 2013, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONTENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1640599663.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Discontinuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Contents, Vol. 5, 2013, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONTENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1640544901.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Discontinuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONTENTS</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVER</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cover page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1640544853.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Discontinuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cover page, Vol. 6, 2013, PPC </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-2</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVER</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cover page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1640599629.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Discontinuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cover page, Vol. 5, 2013, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-2</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVER PAGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cover page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1632582355.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Discontinuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cover page, Vol. 7, 2013, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-2</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sílvia   Schein</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laíssa  Eschiletti  Prati</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE CRACK USER AND THE CARE NETWORK: INTERVENTIONS AT THE UNIFIED HEALTH SYSTEM IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">crack cocaine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">health care</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">public policy</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1400266813.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Crack consumption is being a problem that challenges health systems all over the world. In Brazil, changes in public policies were trying to organize the net of services that deal with this public. This paper presents how the public health system is organized and what are the interventions adopted in the different services that attend crack users. Using Ecological Insertion, researchers followed the everyday interventions at different services during three months (in each place). All the observations were registered in field diaries that were qualitatively analyzed. The data collection happened in three hospitals, six psychosocial attention centers, and five basic health unities in Paranhana Valley, southern Brazil. These services are distributed in different levels of attention in the health system. Results show that treating crack users still is a challenge for the system. The services must work integrated and adequate to the user demands. The multidisciplinary work is fundamental (involving psychiatry, psychology, social work and physical education). Different treatment approaches are needed, keeping the crack dependents and their family attended. The general hospital is the preferential therapeutic strategy. The basic health unities do not recognize their responsibility with this public and the psychosocial centers has the feeling that what are offered doesn’t attend the dependent demand. Despite the efforts to provide quality service, professional specialization and commitment with the patients are aspects that must be improved.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">55-70</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pavol   Prokop</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Milada   Jančovičová</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DISGUST SENSITIVITY AND GENDER DIFFERENCES: AN INITIAL TEST OF THE PARENTAL INVESTMENT HYPOTHESIS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">disgust</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">parental investment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sexual maturation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1400504220.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">It is suggested that the emotion of disgust evolved as a disease protection mechanism in humans. The vast majority of the research revealed that females are consistently more disgust sensitive than males. Certain adaptationists have suggested that gender differences in disgust sensitivity reflect higher parental investment and offspring protection by females as compared with males. We experimentally tested the parental investment hypothesis by manipulating the visual and acoustic exposure of participants to cues associated with parental investment (a picture of an infant's face and the sounds of an infant crying). The control group was exposed to cues that do not trigger parental investment (an adult man speaking a foreign language). It was found that participants in the experimental group did not score higher in the pathogen disgust domain and had similar expected reproductive goals than participants in the control group. Girls and sexually mature participants rated pictures with disease-relevant animals as more disgusting than boys and sexually immature participants. These results provide no support for the role of parental investment as an ultimate explanation for higher disgust sensitivity in females. </style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">40-48</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yolanda   Zografova</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DIVERSITY, EUROPEAN IDENTITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ethnonational diversity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">European identity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social knowledge</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1400503917.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The wide range of transformations subsequent to the enlargements of the European community reverberate in all important spheres of the way of life. The individual and social psychic experience the important influence of the enlargement processes and so do the interhuman, intergroup and cross-cultural relations. To a mutual intergroup tolerance and the lacking conflicts integration of foreign citizens, of immigrants and refugees in a certain country, lead the importance of a collective European identity and the formation of commonly shared values, norms and rules. This is found to be a controversial and uneasy process. Social knowledge and social psychology in particular could help elaborate new models of relations on a supra-individual level directed toward research on collective phenomena through interdisciplinary approach.
 The contemporary situation of high mobility and immigration is common in a lot of European countries and often conflicts erupt between representatives of different ethnic groups especially when socially unequal people devoted to pursue their personal status and employment are involved, which contradicts to the interests of the local nationals. This provokes some reactions and actions immigrants to be excluded in the different countries, which in essence is the contradiction to the accepted common values and outlines ambivalence in the attitudes – acceptance of the effects of immigration as positive, but rejection of the representatives of foreign and ethnic groups, especially when it comes to competition. </style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4-5</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cristiano  M. A.  Gomes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hudson  F.  Golino</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bianca  C. G.  Costa</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DYNAMIC SYSTEM APPROACH IN PSYCHOLOGY: PROPOSITION AND APPLICATION IN THE STUDY OF EMOTION, APPRAISAL AND COGNITIVE ACHIEVEMENT</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">achievement emotion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cognitive achievement</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dynamic system approach</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1400266602.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psychological processes are difficult to be studied due to their complexity. The dynamic system approach shows itself as a good tool for psychology to deal with this complexity issue. We propose two fundamental contributions of the dynamic system approach to psychology and apply it in the study of achievement emotions, appraisal and cognitive achievement. Two hypotheses were investigated: 1) More than one correlation pattern between test achievement, appraisal and emotion will be found; 2) Test achievement, appraisal and emotion form a dynamic system which will be explained by a latent variable that is dependent on the previous state of the system. A sample of thirteen students from seventh to ninth grades performed an inductive reasoning test, appraised their achievement, and declared their emotional valences (from extreme positive to extreme negative). Each variable was measured in 20 different occasions. One correlation matrix of each individual was generated and seven qualitative profiles were identified. Then four different states of relations between the variables were identified through a hidden Markov model. The two hypotheses were not refuted. It’s concluded that the dynamic system approach brings new possibilities to the study of psychological processes.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15-28</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riichiro  Ishida</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EFFECTIVE WAYS TO MANAGE STRESS AND UNMASK THE ABILITIES OF PEOPLE WITH ASPERGER’S SYNDROME</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">diet</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">moderate aerobic exercise</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">purpose in life/ikigai</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1400266650.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">People with Asperger’s syndrome often have superior abilities in various fields, including art, natural science, and solving social problems. However, they tend to become stressed easily due to difficulties in relating to others. This stress sometimes prevents them from showing their full potential. Their abilities and tendency to become stressed are similar to those of people with schizoid temperament. Recent evidence has shown that purpose in life (PIL)/ikigai, moderate aerobic exercise, and diet, which are related to each other and to prefrontal lobe function, are effective methods for coping with stress. PIL/ikigai, which is an attitude in which one seeks to establish meaning of life, is developed through positive experiences, such as cordial human relations with suitable role-models, spending time in beautiful natural surroundings, and being moved by people or events. PIL/ikigai for people without schizoid temperament develops through such positive experiences throughout their life. However, PIL/ikigai for people with schizoid temperament/Asperger’s syndrome develops through positive experiences during a limited number of life stages: infancy, childhood, and adulthood. Moderate aerobic exercise, such as walking, running, and swimming, were linked to finding food during the evolution of mankind. In turn, our diet supplies nutrients to our organs. Therefore, we propose that providing positive experiences during the critical periods and maturation periods of particular brain regions may influence PIL/ikigai, which is related to moderate aerobic exercise and diet. This process may help people with Asperger’s syndrome to demonstrate their full potential abilities and to contribute to various fields.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">29-36</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pavol   Prokop</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter   Fedor</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE EFFECTS OF PARASITES ON HUMAN BEHAVIOUR: AN EVOLUTIONARY PERSPECTIVE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">evolution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">human</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">parasites</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1400266118.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parasites and predators possess serious threats to humans throughout our evolutionary history. Although the impact of predators in modern world is lower than previously, parasites still influence morbidity and mortality of contemporary humans. From the evolutionary perspective, selective pressures caused by parasites should favour individuals that successfully avoid objects/subjects which transmit parasitic diseases and/or those who are successful in combats with them. There is growing evidence for the existence of evolved anti-parasite behaviours in animals, beginning with invertebrates and ending with primates. Avoidance of infected individuals, grooming and self-medication are most common behavioural strategies that are believed to reduce the transmission of parasites. Here we review recent evidence suggesting that several behavioural and emotional traits in humans evolved as a response to selective pressure caused by parasites. Disgust sensitivity and pathogen threat may be a mechanism that generates both a cross-cultural variation in preferences for certain facial traits, as well as drivers of religious diversity, political stability of countries, parenting cognitive abilities and prevalence of extraversion and openness to new ideas. Finally, we declare areas for a future research based on questions guided by the evolutionary perspective.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">46-64</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">END</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">end page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1640544966.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Discontinuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">End page, Vol. 6, 2013, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">86-92</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">END</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">end page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1640599709.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Discontinuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">End page, Vol. 5, 2013, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">111-112</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">END PAGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">end page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2021/444-1632582474.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Discontinuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">End page, Vol. 7, 2013, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">101-104</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agnė   Jurgaitytė-Avižinienė</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rimantas  A.  Kočiūnas</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EXPERIENCE OF THE FINALITY OF LIFE: STRIVING TO LIVE MORE VALUABLY</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grounded theory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">inevitability of death</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">striving to live more valuably</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1400265995.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The aim of this study was to reveal the experience of finality of life of young adults and to develop a substantive theory, based on experience of young participants. In this research, the definition of death anxiety was operationalised and the term finality of life was used. Based on a distinctive philosophical background, this term enables to research the prevailing phenomenon in novel ways and to have a different look at its experience. The classical grounded theory (GT) method was chosen for the research as it empowers to study and explain the phenomenon in a variety of ways, to extract its key points and concepts, and to provide its theoretical construct. 18 healthy adults aged 22 – 45 participated in the research. 2 in-depth interviews were conducted with each of the participants. They wrote a diary on the topic. The data was analysed using classical GT principles. Central theoretical component, core category, was named - striving to live more valuably. It discloses the extent to which participants deal with the main concern of this phenomenon – inevitability of death. Two subcategories emerge: finding a lively life and striving for subjective value of life. The latter is characterized as condition facilitation, satisfaction with life. The use of visual imagery for the explanation of the created theory help to reveal better the experiences, which are encountered by the young adults, while facing the finality of life or talking about this topic. It is expected that the present research will draw attention on the fact that in order to understand the human relationship with death and mortality, it is not sufficient to talk about avoidance and anxiety, it is necessary to speak about human desire to have a nice and valuable life.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">23-34</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Birutė   Jakubkaitė</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rimantas  A.  Kočiūnas</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EXPERIENTIAL GROUPS IN GROUP COUNSELORS TRAINING: A VIEW THROUGH THE MULTIPLICITY OF CONTEXTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">counselor in training</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">experiential group</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">group counselors</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1400265939.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Experiential groups are one of prevailing forms of group counsellor training, which is devoted to exploring group dynamics and other aspects of group work through direct personal experience. However, there is still too little research carried out in this topic and some lack of consistency appears in this field of research. The research reported here was aimed at analyzing group participants’ perceptions of multiplicity of contexts, as a distinctive characteristic of such group, which appears due to different goals raised and variety of roles performed in the same group. A qualitative approach was employed in this study using semi-structured interviews with graduates from international group therapy program. 5 participants of the Group therapy training program at the Institute of Humanistic and Existential Psychology (Lithuania) were chosen for this study. Besides theoretical lectures, program participants went through three experiential groups that were guided by experienced group counselors and also gained sort-time group guiding experience. The work of all groups was observed by two program supervisors. Study participants were asked to share the experience about taking part in group counselors training program, mostly focusing on experiential groups and their discussions with supervisors. The data gathered during interviews then was subjected to thematic analysis. Based on the results, the main topics related to group multiplicity were revealed and discussed: intrapersonal context of participants; organizational context of the training program; interpersonal context and wholeness context. Intrapersonal context of participants was associated not only with their personal dynamics in experiential group process, but also with participant’s personal traits, motivation, anticipatory expectations, attitude towards psychological help, the training program, other participants, experiential group counselors and supervisors. Talking about organizational context of the training program participants mentioned analysis writing that assisted in better understanding of experiential group processes and structuring own experience. Experiential groups and their supervision processes were perceived by participants as extended and complementing each other. Interpersonal context encompassed interactions with group participants, group counselors and supervisors. Wholeness context involved the perception of group dynamics in experiential group as well as in participating in the whole training program. Perception of this wholeness helped participants understand the multidimensionality of training and adapt to it. According to data of this study it can be noted that these various contexts are intertwined together, therefore it would be useful to focus separately on each of them in the future. This could assist in more detailed and clear understanding of their interactions.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12-22</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarah R.   Edwards</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verlin B.   Hinsz</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EXPLORING ATTITUDINAL VARIABLES PREDICTIVE OF HOW MEN PERCEIVE RAPE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rape</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sexual aggression</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Violence against women</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1400504036.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">86 male university students completed an assessment battery regarding their attitudes towards women and beliefs about sexual violence, as well as their own intentions to be sexually violent. They read five vignettes depicting different situations in which women were raped, and answered questions about what they thought happened in the vignettes, i.e. whether the actions depicted were rape. Results showed only one of the constructs, acceptance of sexual violence, predicted men’s ability to recognize rape scenarios, whereas hostility towards women, adversarial sexual beliefs, rape myth acceptance and sex role stereotyping were not significant after acceptance of sexual violence was accounted for. Furthermore, men’s acceptance of sexual violence mediated the relationship of their perceptions of rape vignettes and their self-reported intentions to be sexually violent. Implications for further research in sexual violence and interventions to prevent acts of aggression towards women are discussed.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16-22</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guna Svence</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vineta   Greaves</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FACTORS OF RESILIENCE, WISDOM AND SELF-EFFICACY AS POSITIVE RESOURCES OF LEADERS IN SAMPLE OF LATVIAN BUSSINESS MANAGERS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychological resources</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">self-efficacy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">wisdom</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1400266335.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The aim of this study is to investigate relationships between positive psychology resources – resilience, general self-efficacy and wisdom dimensions – cognitive, reflective and affective in different level business leaders and to investigate differences between two groups of leaders – with higher general self-efficacy and lower general self-efficacy. The study was carried out based on theories of psychological resources. Resources not only buffer against the potentially harmful stress effects of the demands of working life, but may promote development and optimal performance, which is necessary for leaders to be able to meet increasing demands of their role. 83 respondents (57 women, 26 men) different level business leaders participated in the study. 
Results showed that in sample of leaders group there are statistically significant relationships between resilience and self-efficacy, resilience and reflective wisdom dimension, self-efficacy and wisdom reflective and cognitive dimensions. Results of difference analysis showed that there are differences in levels of psychological resources between high general self-efficacy leaders and low general self-efficacy leaders. High general self-efficacy leaders showed higher results in all tested psychological resources and statistically significant differences between two groups were reported in resilience. Results suggest that low self-efficacy leaders would be less able to adapt to uncertainty, and/ or bounce back or recover from stress. Research results suggest that higher level of general self-efficacy is related to higher levels of resources – resilience and wisdom.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">96-108</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maureen   Ogwokhademhe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">C.  A.  Ishola</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR EXTRAMARITAL AFFAIRS AS PERCEIVED BY MARRIED ADULTS IN LAGOS, NIGERIA</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">extramarital affairs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">factors responsible</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1400266706.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The study investigates factors responsible for extramarital affairs as perceived by married adults in Lagos metropolis. Extramarital affair has been described by many authors and scholars and has been identified as one of the causes of marital problem. Descriptive survey method was employed for this study and the population is all married adults in Lagos metropolis. A total number of 200 respondents were randomly selected in Lagos metropolis and a self developed instrument titled “Factors Responsible for Extramarital Affairs Questionnaire” (FAREAQ) was used to collect relevant data from the respondents. Collected data were analyzed with both descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive static was employed for the personal data and research question and inferential statistic was used to analyze the hypotheses generated for the study. All hypotheses were tested at 0.05 alpha level. The major finding of the study revealed that “sex related factor” was perceived by married adults in Lagos metropolis to be the highest factor responsible for extramarital affair. Gender, age, religion and educational qualification of the factors responsible for extra marital affairs while family type of the respondents did not influence their perception. Implications of the findings to guidance and counselling therefore is that counselling (Guidance) services should be extended to families so as to educate parents on the effects of extramarital affair on marriage and on the children and also for counsellors to emphasize the effectiveness of “sex” in marital relationship. Based on the findings of the study, it was therefore recommended that counsellors should organize continuously on the mass media enlightenment programme on the various factors responsible for extramarital affairs so that couples can learn and work on themselves to secure their marriage.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">37-46</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valentina   Kamenskaya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Larissa   Khokhlova</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HIERARCHICAL PRINCIPLE IN THE PROBLEM OF A TYPOLOGICAL SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hierarchy of topological properties</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">interhemispheric relations</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">personal features</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1400266061.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The study contains the theoretical review of different historical approaches to the study of typological properties of a man. One of the well-known typological systems in foreign psychology has been developed in constitutionology, juvenility characteristics, however, haven’t been included in its structure. On the basis of the studied samples the authors of the research consider the empirical proofs of juvenility existence, its significance in typological perspective and the formation of mental functions. The research findings of typological properties of the morphofunctional brain organization as a subject of both Russian and foreign psychology and psychophysiology are analyzed. Theoretical and experimental material is integrated in the analysis of individual typological peculiarities of students of higher educational establishments. The regularities of their manifestation at genotypic, behavioral and personal levels representing various hierarchical layers of a person’s typological system are revealed.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">35-45</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yolanda   Zografova</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IMPACT OF PERSONAL ORIENTATIONS ON ATTITUDES TO DIVERSITY AND CIVIC SOCIAL-POLITICAL ACTIVENESS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">attitudes towards immigrants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">civic activeness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">co-otherness</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1400504473.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The dynamically ongoing processes of integration are among the crucial premises for the development of contemporary interpersonal, intergroup and cross-cultural relations, attitudes, conflicts and more. The research problem here directs to an analysis, based on ESS data collected in 8 countries, rounds 2006 and 2008, on the extent to which Europeans' personal orientations significantly influence the attitudes towards ethno-national diversity, in this case, towards two social groups: immigrants coming from poorer countries outside Europe and people with different sexual orientation. Furthermore, the influence of the same factors on the civic activeness and involvement in the social-political processes has been followed. Through regressive analysis the important effect of the co-otherness orientation (a concept developed by Sicakkan, 2003), the orientation to success and traditionalism on all included dependent variables has been proved. The expectations for predicting effects of the three personal orientations have been confirmed regarding the civic involvement and tolerance to diversity. Simultaneously the necessity of working EU politics to deal with the risks of emerging negative attitudes has been pointed out in relation to the broad immigrant and refugee wave to European countries. </style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">93-100</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mafalda   Ferreira</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Margarida Gaspar de Matos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">José  Alves  Diniz</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE INFLUENCE OF RISK AND PROTECTIVE FACTORS ON TOBACCO, ALCOHOL AND DRUGS IN ADOLESCENCE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">adolescence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">risk and protective factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">substance use</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1400266549.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The purpose of this study is to analyse the relation between risk and protective factor and substance use in adolescence, including tobacco use, drunkenness and consumption of illicit drugs.
 The sample included 3494 students, mean age 15 years old, in the 8th and 10th grades from the public school system, of primary and secondary schools in Portugal. Data collection was held within the HBSC (Health Behavior in School-aged Children) survey from 2010. For the purpose of this specific study, the questionnaire includes questions about risk and protective behaviors and substance use, namely tobacco, drunkenness and illicit drug consumption. 
 Results confirmed that adolescents with higher levels of protective factors seem to consume fewer substances and adolescents who present higher levels of risk factors are more likely to consume all the substances in the study. There were statistically significant differences for the majority of risk and protective behaviours regarding tobacco, drunkenness and illicit drugs. Although risk factors have a higher impact on substance use, the existence of protective factors seems to fade such impact.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6-14</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arkadiusz   Wąsiński</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michał   Szyszka</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MODERN CIVILIZATION THREATS AND THE QUALITY OF DIALOGUE IN FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">civilization threats</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">factors of family disintegration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">family as a community</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">open communication model</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1400504429.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In this study the authors discuss the issue of changes related to the integration and disintegration of family as regards the interaction of external factors listed among modern civilization threats. The authors assume that family is a special type of community life as compared to other forms of communities on various levels of social structure. It has a function to protect its members in the relations with the outside world, and at the same time it prepares them to take active part in the world and integrates them with what is outside. Coherence and durability of the family is in this context of key importance not only for development processes, quality and functioning of family members (both children and parents), but also for getting them ready to take up actions that contribute new values to the family life. 
 The form and structure of the text are shaped as the theoretical analysis created on the basis of empirical research published in scientific literature. The objective of this article is not the detailed description and interpretation of the research, but rather an attempt to intellectually exceed the boundaries of the research in order to define the significance of communication processes and the authenticity of family relationships for building the atmosphere of emotional kindness and the feeling of mutual support within the space of the family community. The consequence of such processes is the positive stimulation as regards taking up developmental tasks by the family members (both children and parents), which are realised in various circles of social, cultural and educational interactions of the social environment. 
 The constructive image of the theoretical analysis is disclosed in the considerations focused on methodical values of the strategy of family dialogue set in the perspective of specific behavior and attitudes of the family members as confronted with stereotypical fear of weakening the position and authority of the parents.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">83-92</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vincentas   Lamanauskas</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PEDAGOGICAL PRACTICE AS A KEY TO REAL PEDAGOGUE’S SUCCESS SOLUTION</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mentor preparation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pedagogical activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pedagogical practice</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1400266504.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pedagogical practice preparing future teachers is, undoubtedly, one of the most important elements of university studies. However, up to now pedagogical practice remains a very problematic sphere. Pedagogical activity, on the whole, is complicated, diverse and manifold. After all, it is an activity requiring creativity, high intellect and good psychological preparation. A student doing pedagogical practice, inevitably encounters various hardships -both specialty/professional and psychological. During the practice many different kinds of pedagogical situations are revealed. Various scientific research studies, carried out in the last few years, show the common situation – students-practitioners lack psychological preparation in communication with students, adjusting to a new environment, understanding them and so on.
 Thus, the problematics of pedagogical practice remains topical. How to achieve, that it were an effective instrument not only helping the student to develop, but also to understand the essence of pedagogical activity, to realise your calling and possibilities to do a very complicated and responsible pedagogue’s job in future. Can we agree with the statement, that there has to be left as little theory as possible, and to transform all theory into practice? It is obvious, that pedagogical practice process, should considerably be improved, adapted to the time period. How to do this? The question remains open.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4-5</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana   Raufelder</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Danilo   Jagenow</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frances   Hoferichter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kate  Mills  Drury</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE PERSON-ORIENTED APPROACH IN THE FIELD OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">configural frequency analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">educational psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">individual differences</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">person-oriented approach</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1400266225.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Individual differences are a fundamental component of psychology, but these differences are often treated as “noise” or “errors” in variable-oriented statistical analyses. Currently, there is a small but emerging body of research using the person-oriented approach. In this paper a brief theoretical and methodological overview of the person-oriented approach is given. A person-oriented approach is often preferable where the main theoretical and analytical unit is a pattern of operating factors, rather than individual variables. In order to illustrate the relevance of this approach to research in educational psychology several representative statistical methods are outlined, two of which employ a person-oriented approach (latent class analysis/ latent profile analysis, configural frequency analysis/ prediction configural frequency analysis) and one that combines person and variable-oriented approaches. Examples of data analyses are used to demonstrate that variable and person-oriented approaches provide the researcher with different information that can be complementary.
</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">79-88</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ia   Aptarashvili</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mzia   Tsereteli</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS OF SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION ON CASE OF ETHNIC MINORITIES OF GEORGIA</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">academic achievement</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">second language</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">self-confidence</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1400265882.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The purpose of the presented research is to determine the relations between success or failure in second language acquisition on one hand and personal - social factors and attitudes of an individual on the other. Besides, to define what is the predictive value of personal or social features and the attitudes of the given individual for reaching high competency in the second language. 374 schoolchildren (165 boys and 202 girls) from three regional non-Georgian schools were administered with the questionnaire consisted of several blocks: Parents’ attitude to second language acquisition; Motivation; Anxiety related to the second language usage; Anxiety in class; Sense of self-confidence in the process of the Second language acquisition. The best predictors for success in SLA are: General interest in the foreign languages, parents’ involvement in learning process, instrumental motivation and self-confidence in the process of language acquisition. The study has implication for foreign language teachers and experts of bilingual educations.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6-11</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aída  M. Reséndiz  Barragán</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mariana  A. Sierra  Murguía</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PSYCHOLOGICAL RECURRENCES AND INTERVENTION PROPOSAL FOR PATIENTS FOLLOWING BARIATRIC SURGERY</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">bariatric surgery</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">post bariatric surgery</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychological intervention</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1400266273.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Obesity has been declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) as an epidemic, due to a growth trend in obesity rates over the past 60 years and it is estimated that by 2015 there will be approximately 2.3 billion overweighed adults and 700 million obese adults worldwide. Bariatric surgery has shown to be the most effective intervention for the treatment of severe obesity with better long-term results. While most post-operative patients of bariatric surgery show improvement in psychopathology and quality of life, psychological recurrences have been identified thereafter. It has been reported that for people who have not been able to implement changes in their lifestyle, the result of the operation may not be optimal and may even be counterproductive with undesirable outcomes, such as recovery of lost weight, malnutrition, depression and anxiety, as well as using food as a soothing agent to stressful stimuli, present failures in following the diet, as well as dissatisfaction with the staff of the clinic
 In recent years the number of bariatric surgeries performed annually has tripled showing a tendency to continue increasing, psychosocial and behavioral factors play a fundamental role in the long- term effects of the surgery; for this reason, the objective of this study is to describe the main psychological recurrences after bariatric surgery as well as a proposal for post-surgical cognitive behavioral group psychological support.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">89-95</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Galina I. Shulgina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Darya  A. Berezhnaya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nikolai  A. Parfentyev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RESTRAIN OF FEAR: PARTICIPATION OF GABA NEUROTRANSMITTER SYSTEM</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">disinhibition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">freezing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">inhibition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">training</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1400266890.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In experiences on rats in the conditions of free behavior at development of a conditioned of passive avoidanсe reflex (the first series) and a defensive reflex and a conditional inhibition (the second series) it is revealed, and elaboration of internal inhibition and Phenibut – a nonspecific agonist of GAMKA and GAMKB receptors cause in experimental animals weakening of freezing arising in a dangerous situation, and a disinhibition of research behavior. Results of experiences in the accounting of data of the literature allow to assume that both factors, and elaboration of internal inhibition, and Phenibut weaken freezing – the phenomenon used in experiments as a biological analog of fear, owing to increase of level of activity of the GABA neurotransmitter system of a brain.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">71-85</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lúcia Ramiro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Margarida Gaspar de Matos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marta Reis</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SEXUAL HEALTH AMONG PORTUGUESE ADOLESCENTS: CHANGES IN A 8 YEAR PERIOD (2002-2010)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">adolescents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">attitudes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">preventive behaviours</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1400266167.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Recently HIV is falling in a significant number of countries, partly due to the adoption of preventive behaviors, which demonstrates that decreasing sexual transmission of HIV is possible. The aim of this research was to analyze preventive sexual behavior in Portuguese adolescents, including information and attitudes about HIV/AIDS, and assessing whether they changed from 2002 to 2010. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire from the Portuguese sample of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC), a collaborative WHO study. The study provided national representative data of 10587 Portuguese adolescents, randomly chosen from those attending 8th and 10th grades and the opportunity to examine trends in sexual behaviour on a national level. In terms of preventive behaviours, results showed an increasing trend regarding the percentage reporting first sexual intercourse at 14 years old or more and condom use at last sexual intercourse and a stabilized trend concerning having had sexual intercourse and contraceptive pill use. Nevertheless, in terms of information and attitudes about HIV/AIDS, results showed a systematic decreasing trend.
</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">65-78</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kálmán   Sántha</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">STIMULATED RECALL IN EXPLORING THE CONSTRAINTS OF REFLECTIVE THINKING</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">reflective thinking</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">stimulated recall</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">text analysis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1400266763.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The study focuses on exploring the reflective constraints of a pedagogue in the framework of reflective thinking. By applying the qualitative technique of stimulated recall, video-taped lesson analysis and commentaries on real life classes it shows the factors restricting reflective thinking. The participant in the study was a secondary school teacher of mathematics pursuing his teaching career for nine years. The pedagogue’s three lessons were recorded with the help of a technical expert. The recording of the lessons took place on three consecutive days, in the same class covering the same topic. The research was conducted by triangulation. Text analysis was carried out using the MAXQDA software by combining deductive and inductive coding processes. The findings show that emotions attached to teaching, lack of pedagogical knowledge and school context restricted the reflective thinking of the pedagogue. The results justified that developing reflective thinking contributes to making teacherly activities more effective and reflection can also further differentiate pedagogical knowledge. The results of the research might be applied in teacher training and further education. In addition the qualitative method called stimulated recall might also be relevant for researchers dealing with qualitative methodology.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">47-54</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stanislava   Stoyanova</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WORK IN MULTICULTURAL ENVIRONMENT</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">multicultural environment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">national cultures</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">scientific knowledge</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1400265837.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Many people meet the differences of national cultures not only as tourists but also in their everyday working life, because the fast process of migration, internationalisation and globalisation inevitably integrate cultures within the framework of multinational organizations (Konečná, 2006).
 Organizations and cultures whose values are weak uncertainty avoidance, femininity, and low power distance strive for maximizing the benefits of diversity – like in the case of Scandinavian countries for example (Hofstede, 2001). The knowledge of cultural differences may help the workers operating in multicultural environment to reduce the possible misunderstandings and it enables them to foresee the possible reactions of their partners (Konečná, 2006). Work in multicultural teams requires flexibility, adaptation, understanding and respect for different cultures and values, tolerance, open-mindedness, friendly communication and good non-verbal communication skills.
 The scientific journals like Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century are the result of the efforts and the co-operative work of the authors, the editors, the reviewers and the readers in multicultural environment. Its aim is to promote scientific knowledge that could improve mutual understanding and coping strategies in everyday life situations.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4-5</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nina Yuditseva</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ADAPTATION PHENOMENOLOGICAL APPROACH FOR STUDYING TEENAGE ORPHANS’ OPINIONS ABOUT THEMSELVES AND OTHERS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cognition as distinguishing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">intuitivism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">involving into communications</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">isolating</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">opinion about self and others</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">self structure</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391944094.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The investigation of teenage orphans’ opinions of both themselves and other people within phenomenological point of view means researching that in their self structure in the broader context than their self – consciousness. The term self structure requires the definition; its sources need to be determined. The article deals with the analysis of solving these problems within some of psychological and philosophical approaches. It was solving these problems by S. Frank, N. Lossky that we used in the experimental study orphans’ opinion about themselves and other people. These scientists belong to Russian intuitivist group that is the part of phenomenological branch of non Marxian theory of knowledge. Their conception has been developed in modern Russian psychology by F. Mihaylov and V. Muhina.
The self structure is understood as state of person’s mind (I) to subject (Subject). The “I” is detachment himself by person as separable side, which function is act of distinguishing. The “Subject” includes the subject itself and person’s sense, attitude and feeling, connected with the subject, given to the person in perception intuitively. Self structure’s sources are both isolating, connected with person’s instinctive selfish inclinations, and involving into communications, connected with person’s inclination for searching contacts with others.
The article offers the typology of orphan’s strategies in isolating and involving into communications with the others, formatted theirs’ self structure. The correlation between orphans’ opinion about the others and their self structures was been confirmed.
</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">66-79</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nadia Rania</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paola Cardinali</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chiara Cifatte</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laura Migliorini</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ADOLESCENT ADJUSTMENT AND CULTURAL SELF-EFFICACY</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">adjustment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">adolescents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cultural self-efficacy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">immigrants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">well-being</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391943053.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Several studies have investigated the conditions for adolescents’ adjustment in multicultural contexts. Self-esteem is commonly considered as an index of well-being and of the psychological adjustment of adolescents. Literature on self-esteem maintains that a good level of self-esteem depends on the quality of the subject’s intimate relations with family and friends. In a globalized world the personal and relational impact of the management of cross-cultural contacts with the majority and minority groups is becoming increasingly relevant. This study explores the relationship between the constructs of support, self-esteem, well-being and cultural self-efficacy. The research project used a quantitative methodology through the administration of a self-report questionnaire. There were 312 participants, with a mean age of 15 years (20.5% immigrants). The results show that young immigrants have higher levels of cultural self-efficacy than Italian adolescents. However, in Italian adolescents, cultural self-efficacy correlates with family support. Italians who choose not only Italian friends but also foreign friends have higher levels of cultural self-efficacy. Opportunities for deeper investigation of cultural self-efficacy in the social context are discussed.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">59-71</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antonella Roggero</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emanuela Rabaglietti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michele Settanni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silvia Ciairano</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ADOLESCENTS COMMUNICATION, CONFLICT STYLES AND CONFLICT RESOLUTIONS WITH PARENTS, PEERS AND ROMANTIC PARTNERS: SIMILARITY, DIFFERENCES AND RELATIONS WITH SATISFACTION</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">adolescent social partners</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">communication</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conflict</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">satisfaction</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391945265.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Communication and conflict styles and resolutions are key issues for understanding the dynamics underlying every social relationships. However they are usually investigated separately in different social contexts. In the current study, the similarities and differences of the adolescents’ communication, conflict styles, conflict resolution and satisfaction with parents, best friends and boy/girlfriend were explored.
One hundred and three Italian adolescents, aged 15 to 20years, were administered a version of the Parent-Adolescent Communication Scale (PACS; Barnes, &amp; Olson, 1985). Exploratory principal component analyses, Cronbach’s alpha, Repeated Measures ANOVAs, correlation and hierarchical regression analyses were used to analyze the data. 
The adolescents use similar levels of open and problem communication, compromise and aggression (conflict styles), intimacy and frustration (conflict resolutions) with father, mother, friends and romantic partners and they are similarly satisfied with their partners. However open communication, compromise and intimacy are more frequent with friends and romantic partners than with the parents. 
Besides, the strongest predictor of satisfaction is always open communication. However, with the family and the boy/girlfriend the resolution of the conflict is also important, while with the friends the way to manage the conflict is relevant too. 
</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">97-111</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Francisco Manuel Morales Rodríguez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Victoria Trianes Torres</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ANALYSIS OF VALUES AND ATTITUDES ON MORAL ISSUES IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS POSTGRADUATE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">basic competence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">European space of higher education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">evaluation of values and attitudes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">university students</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391942999.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The present study aims to provide an analysis of values and attitudes in a sample of post-graduate students and to provide an assessment of the impact and satisfaction that they had been reported in specific educational activities for solidarity. This study is framed by the project of educational innovation &quot;A cross sectional study in education for solidarity in the training of psychologists and educators&quot; (PIE 10-127; 2010-2012). Participants were 226 post-graduate students belonging to various specialities of the MSc in Teaching of Secondary Education and High School, Vocational Training, and Teaching Languages, aged between 22 and 49 years. The data obtained demonstrate that the majority of the interviewes strongly agree with aspects of the situation that can be considered stealing, a violent action or the avoidance of conflict. Most students graduate participants do not collaborate with NGOs; who mention the lack of time, the issue not being raised as well as not being involved in any solidarity activity noting as reasons: lack of information, idleness, not having the opportunity presented and not having the funds to do so. In addition, students have found these educational activities for solidarity very satisfactory, for example, the &quot;discussions, work and reflection on the importance of volunteerism and solidarity in the present world&quot; and “design of a solidarity act”.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">47-58</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hortensia Hickman Rodríguez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosalva Cabrera Castañon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patricia Plancarte Cansino</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AREAS OF PROFESSIONAL JOB REQUIRED BY EMPLOYERS AND UNIVERSITY TRAINING IN SOME LATIN AMERICAN COUNTRIES</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">employers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Latin American countries</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">university plans</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391944677.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The purpose of this research is to describe the requirements that psychologists must meet as per required by employers in different Latin American countries and their connection with professional training programs. Three countries were selected Chile, Mexico and Colombia, and as criteria for their selection was the ranking obtained in the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA). For data collection, web pages were visited. A sample for each country was taken monthly from January to May in the year 2009. All of the job listings for psychologists were registered and also those activities that a psychologist could perform, in spite of the fact that the offer specifically did not mention such professional. The university plans and programs of a representative public university of each country of interest were checked. In general terms we can point out that the psychology professionals that employers require the most are those specialized in the training area in organizations with an emphasis on training, recruitment and selection activities.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18-25</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Francisco Manuel Morales Rodríguez</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ASSESSMENT OF COPING STRATEGIES AND  PSYCHOLOGICAL ADJUSTMENT IN CHILDREN</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">assessment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">coping strategies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">maladjustment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">middle-childhood</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391945058.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The study of coping strategies in children and adolescents is a topic in line with the study of a healthy development, as the very fact of having coping skills serves as a guarantee for a healthy lifestyle and quality of life. The general aim is the prediction of children coping (coping strategies used by students of elementary education, and in relation to four types of stressors known as the school, family, peer interaction and health) in terms of the impact of varying stress, coping, School, clinical and social maladjustment. Participants were 402 students, ranging from 9 to 12 years old. Results show that that the variable coping with the ACS, stress and clinical maladjustment predict, with different impact, coping strategy employed by children. This information attempts to be useful in the applied Educational.        </style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">67-75</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marianna Alesi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annamaria Pepi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ATTRIBUTION STYLE AND INTERNAL STATE LEXICON: A COMPARISON BETWEEN INDIVIDUALS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY AND TYPICAL DEVELOPMENT</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">attribution style</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">intellectual disability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">internal state lexicon</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">motivation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391943593.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Current theories of intellectual disabilities underlie an approach centred on a more complete description of the development, known as “the whole child approach”, in which emphasis is placed on the reciprocal relationships between the cognitive and motivational dimensions which characterise development. In particular, subjects with intellectual disabilities, who have experienced repeated failures, may develop an attribution profile characterised by a bias towards primarily external causes. However the consideration of internal causes, such as effort and ability, requires the involvement of higher metacognitive and metalinguistic levels. Consequently, attribution to effort requires an awareness of one’s own internal states. The aim of this study is to compare the attribution style and the knowledge of internal states words (physiological, emotional and cognitive) in adolescents with intellectual disability and typical development. Two groups consisting of 14 participants each were employed, an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group was composed by adolescents with intellectual disability. Participants in the control group were matched to the experimental Ss for mental age. All of the 24 participants were given an Attribution Test (Pepi and Alesi, 2001) and a Internal States Lexicon Test (Alesi and Pepi, 2005). The attribution test consisting of 14 items illustrating either everyday or school-related events in which the main character experiences either success or failure. The participants were asked to attribute the character’s performance to one of five causes: ability; effort; help; luck; or task difficulty. 
On the whole, individuals with intellectual disability tend to attribute mainly performance to external causes such as the ease of the task. Moreover the results show a significant relationship between attribution style and knowledge of internal states words. In summary this study provide support for the planning of multidimensional training programs aimed at internalize the attribution style in subjects with intellectual disability.
</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6-13</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ilona Kalva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dmitry Shyryaev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BEHAVIOR IN UNCERTAIN ENVIRONMENTS, AND PRONE TO RISK OR CAUTION</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">individual differences</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">probability learning risky behavior</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">type of temperament</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391944728.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The purpose of this study was to appreciate the possibility to use the method of study of probabilistic forecasting for staff selection needs. Indicators of probabilistic forecasting, prone to risk were studied in a stochastic environment. This is a pilot study, because  a well known technique:  Bayesian logic applied to decision making with probability inference - using the knowledge of prior events to predict future events -  in the new modification was used. The novelty lies in the fact that, besides the opportunity to study the prognostic abilities of the brain in a situation of uncertainty, was made an attempt to study the impact on the forecasting process of emotions associated with possible monetary gain or loss. Differences   in effectiveness and dynamics of probabilistic activity were revealed in persons with differing extent of gain and temperament type. </style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">26-31</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Irena Gailienė</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COMPETITION INFLUENCE ON PERSONALITY VALUES AND INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">competition process</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">interpersonal relations</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">value crisis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391942696.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Market economy initiates competition process development as a driving force and as an outcome. Due to increasing economy development pace, one can predict that in the 21st century these processes are going to be more and more intensive. Competition should be considered in different aspects, because it penetrates not only into production, work, but also into social, interpersonal relations, has an influence on person’s maturity. On the one hand, competition conditions encourage the development of personality adaptive abilities, professional, social and personal competence development, lifelong learning and others, however permanent participation in competition hides in itself quite a lot of negative tendencies. 
Thus, competition raises great challenges for personality and for society, to overcome which is really necessary. One can find successful communication, good interpersonal relation conditions in humanistic psychotherapy, where three essential requirements are raised for the psychotherapist: authenticity, empathy and unconditional acceptance of the other (Rogers, 1951). It seems that not much is necessary: to audit the scale of values, giving priorities to human values, to be authentic, emphatic, to be able unconditionally accept the others; because they are valuable just only for that they are people, however, it occurs that at present it is very much.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4-5</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONTENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2022/444-1646401135.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Contents, Vol. 4, 2012, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONTENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2022/444-1646477168.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Discontinuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Contents, Vol. 1, 2012, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONTENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2022/444-1646468078.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Discontinuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Contents, Vol. 2, 2012, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONTENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2022/444-1646421872.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Discontinuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Contents, Vol. 3, 2012, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVER</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cover</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2022/444-1646468040.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Discontinuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cover page, Vol. 2, PPC, 2012</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-2</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVER</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cover</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2022/444-1646477129.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Discontinuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cover page, Vol. 1, 2012, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-2</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVER</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cover page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2022/444-1646421824.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Discontinuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cover page, PPC, Vol. 3, 2012</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-2</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVER</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cover page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2022/444-1646401070.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cover, PPC, Vol. 4, 2012</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-2</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Natalia V. Kozlova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inna V. Atamanova</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE EFFECT OF THE TRAINING PROGRAMME ON STUDENTS MOTIVATION FOR RESEARCH ACTIVITY</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">higher professional education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">personal and professional development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">research activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">research-based teaching</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">students' motivation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391944865.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">One of the main goals of higher professional education is to provide national communities with highly qualified human resource. In turn, the global challenge of transition to a knowledge-based society influences the national systems of professional training and predetermines a substantial increase in the role of innovations and scientific research in the countries’ economic and social progress. Therefore, it is essentially important that the system of professional education be aimed at developing students’ research competence in higher educational settings. As shown, the Russian students are mainly aware of the necessity of research work as a part of the educational curriculum and its importance. On the other hand, most of them do not have much interest in their own research projects. 
The paper discusses the problem of students’ motivation for research activity from the psychological-acmeological point of view. This approach seems to be beneficial since it takes into account the idea of sustainable development and lifelong learning. The study presented was aimed at evaluating the effect of the training programme on students’ motivation for research activity which was implemented into the educational process. The results of the programme implementation have shown a significant change in students’ motives for doing research among undergraduate students whose majors were natural sciences, mathematics and electrical engineering. 
</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">42-52</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sebastian Raul Vaida</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE EFFECTS OF A SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL LEARNING PROGRAM</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">competencies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rational and irrational thinking pattern</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rational emotive behavior education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social-emotional learning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">training</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">university students</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391958853.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Social-Emotional Learning (SEL) is one of the best approaches to teaching students the skills needed to better adapt to life and develop on a personal and professional level. Your-SELF is an abbreviation for “Your Social Emotional Learning Facilitator” and represents a social-emotional learning program based on the Rational Emotive Behavior Theory (REBT). It was implemented and tested as a personal development program for university students, for an entire academic year, with 3-4 hours weekly trainings. It is also a powerful and effective way to decrease the level of irrationality in the students' thinking style, along with developing some major life competencies (self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, relationship skills, decision making). In order to test this idea, an experimental design with repeated measures was used and the results clearly support the hypothesis that a SEL program based on the principles of REBT can lead to a significant decrease in the level of irrationality of the students in the experimental group, compared to the control one. Also, the four sub-scales of the instrument used to investigate the level of irrationality (ABS2) were analyzed and the same significant results were found on the level of low frustration tolerance, self-downing/global evaluation and awfulizing. The only exception was demandingness, and a rationale for this is offered in the discussion part of the article. The study shows that such a program can be beneficial and useful for the students involved and it is worth implementing on a larger scale. </style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">62-70</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olga Y. Bogdanova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elena L. Bogdanova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lidiya V. Komarovskaya</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EMBRACING THE VALUES OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT IN HIGHER EDUCATION: PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORY, PEDAGOGICAL PRACTICE, SUBJECTIVE EXPERIENCES</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cognitive development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">epistemological dimension</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pedagogical practice</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">system anthropological psychology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391944618.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scientific problem lies within the interdisciplinary domain of cognitive development of a person in education; is focused on the search for psychological foundations of educational technologies aimed at embracing values of cognitive development and negotiating diverse educational values and attitudes of students and teachers.
The main thesis of the research is based upon the assumption that phenomenon of cognitive development can be positioned as an educational trend adequate to tendencies of development of psychological knowledge and socio-cultural practices in the process of knowledge society emergence. 
Strategic task of elaborating educational technologies advancing values of cognitive development in higher education is of growing relevance for Russian educational psychology as internationalization, new educational standards and trends of socio-cultural development pose diverse challenges for educational theory and practice, for students, teachers and researchers.
Research is focused on developing practice of Russian education and the problem of value-laden self-determination of its participants. Necessity to include the epistemological dimension in the content of cognitive development as complex and multidimensional construct is substantiated. The study demonstrates the ways of employing qualitative research methods, reveals ontological and epistemological attitudes of students and teachers, discusses students’ subjective representations of educational process and main epistemological categories, and argues that research on educational practice might at the same time be an embodiment of its transformation. 
Research methodology includes a methodological reflection of Russian and international trends in the development of psychological knowledge (system anthropological psychology and anthroepistemology). 
Main conclusions suggest that: psychological construct of cognitive development acquires multiple dimensions as contextualized in education; constructive negotiation of educational values and attitudes in pedagogical practice is crucial for further development of pedagogical practice itself and its participants; promoting the values of cognitive development in higher education requires specific technologies and forms of educational interaction.
</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6-17</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">END</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">end page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2022/444-1646421921.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Discontinuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">End page, Vol. 3, 2012, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">114-116</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">END</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">end page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2022/444-1646401194.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">End page, Vol. 4, 2012</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">END</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">end page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2022/444-1646468114.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Discontinuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">End page, Vol. 2, 2012, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">80-82</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial Board</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">END</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">end page</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2022/444-1646477213.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Discontinuous</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">End page, Vol. 1, 2012, PPC</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Other</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">90-93</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tatiana Kochetova</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EXPERIENCE OF USING THE RUSSIFIED VERSION OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE “EVENTS AND BEHAVIORS AFFECTING STATUS AND REPUTATION” AT THE RUSSIAN AND AMERICAN SAMPLES</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cronbach’s alpha</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cross-cultural differences</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychodiagnostics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">questionnaire</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">repeatability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">reputation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">status</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">status behavior</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">validity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391943115.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This research was designed with a view to presenting the specific results of the usage of the russified version of D. Buss questionnaire “Events and behaviors affecting status and reputation” on a sample of Russian participants. This psychodiagnostic measure allows to assess the different manifestations of status behavior and to predict the development of tactic techniques and strategies of status behavior aimed at gaining and maintaining an individual’s position in the hierarchical social structure. The main goal of the research was the approbation of D. Buss questionnaire on the Russian sample: testing the scales consistency and comparison the data and the standard deviations with the American sample, that formed the starting point for further development and modification of this psychodiagostic measure. The russified version of questionnaire (216 items comprising 23 scales of tactics of status behavior) has showen the high level of reliability and validity. In the study (N = 185) the tactic scales show the high internal consistency (the internal consistency varies in the range of 0.44 – 0.78 among the participants of both Russian and American samples). The russified version of questionnaire was used in Russia for the first time and it can be used in the basic and application researches in future. </style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">72-80</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siamak Khodarahimi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heidar Deghani</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HOPEFULNESS, POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE EMOTIONS IN RURAL RESIDENTS WITH DRINK WATER SHORTAGE: AN IRANIAN CASE STUDY</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">demographics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dispositional and state hope</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">drink water shortage</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">positive and negative emotions</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391944817.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of drinking water shortage on emotions and hope in an Iranian sample, and to investigate the roles of gender, location of residence, marital status, job and the level of education on these constructs. Participants were included 1198 rural residents from two regions with and without drinking water shortage from Darab and Eghlid cities, Iran. A demographic questionnaire, the Adult Dispositional Hope Scale (ADHS), the Adult State Hope Scale (ASHS) and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) were used in this study. The rural residents with drinking water shortage had higher levels of negative emotions than rural residents without drinking water shortage. However, rural residents without drink water shortage had the higher performance on positive emotions, dispositional hope and state hope than the rural residents with drink water shortage. The effects location of residence, gender, the level of education and occupation on positive and negative emotions, dispositional hope and state hope are confirmed in this sample.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">32-41</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ivana Poledňová</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vladimir Marček</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Šárka Portešová</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IDEAS OF CZECH ADOLESCENTS ABOUT THEIR FUTURE PROFESSION ASSESSED FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THEIR FAVORABLENESS AND COGNITIVE COMPLEXITY – RELATED TO SOME COMPONENTS OF UPBRINGING AND SELF-ESTEEM</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cognitive complexity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">future profession</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">REP-test</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">self-esteem</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391943833.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In the presented research, the ideas of Czech adolescents about their future profession were researched. In the research, data from examinations of 17-year-old respondents were analyzed. The views of their future vocation as well as the vocations of significant others (mother, father, significant other) were acquired by a modified version of the REP-test and assessed from the perspective of their favorableness and cognitive complexity. The aim was to detect relations between the assessment of individual vocations, the components of upbringing analyzed by the Czech Questionnaire for Determining the Upbringing Style in Family (Čáp, Boschek) and self-esteem measured by Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. It was discovered that adolescents, while assessing their potential future vocation, are influenced by family upbringing- there is a strong influence of the factor of emotional warmth in family related to a positive relationship to the adolescents’ vocational future. Moreover, it became evident that the more negative view the adolescents have of the individual vocations, the more differentiated they try to perceive them (higher cognitive complexity), probably in order to develop appropriate coping strategies in their future performance or to justify their negative assessment by a more precise, i.e. not “black and white” perspective.  However, in a more detailed analysis, it was revealed that vocations viewed as strongly negative and strongly positive are perceived as less differentiated than vocations assessed in a neutral way, which can be explained by the hypothesis of emotional engagement.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">30-38</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yulia F. Lakhvich</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">INFERTILITY RESOLUTION AS A FACTOR OF ADOPTION ADJUSTMENT</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">adoption</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">adoption adjustment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">adoptive parents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">childlessness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">infertility resolution</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391942896.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The study examines the role of prospective adoptive parents’ infertility resolution in their future adoption adjustment. Infertility resolution is considered to be a result of going through a series of emotional reactions: denial, anger and offence, guilt, despair and depression, acceptance (resolution). The author argues that adoption readiness implies the infertility resolution: adjustment and accepting of infertility emotions, as well as considering adoption as an alternative way to parenthood, which is not able to replace birth of one’s own child. The problem was investigated in a short-term longitudinal study. In pre-adoption stage 65 prospective adoptive parents participated in semi-structured interviews that assessed their emotional reaction to infertility. In post-adoption stage (2 years later) adoptive families with different levels of adoption adjustment were analyzed depending on patterns of adoptive parents’ emotional reaction to infertility before adoption. The results showed that infertility resolution of prospective adoptive parents is a significant factor of successful adoption adjustment.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">26-35</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Galina I. Shulgina</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">INHIBITION TRAINING AS ONE OF BASIC FACTORS OF  THE COMING INTO BEING OF THE PERSON</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">deviant behavior</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">inhibition training</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">personality</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391958970.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">On the basis of  systematization of a number of ideas of philosophers, physiologists, ethologists and the actual material about violation at people of instincts, by origin the general at us with animals, owing to incorrect understanding of freedom as permissivenesses, excessive development of consumption, a hypertrophy of feeling of a property, and also about weakening of will to overcoming of adversity of life, the conclusion about need of training of inhibition in the course of formation of the identity of the person is made. Briefly, referring to the detailed scientific publications, the actual material about neurophysiological ensuring inhibition of behavior during training by means of increase of reactivity of inhibitory systems, local and all-brain, and about positive influence on this process of an agonist of receptors of an inhibitory neuromediator (gamma aminobutiric acids - GABA) – phenibut is stated. It is supposed that these data can be useful to the correct organization of education and for prophylaxis and correction of deviant behavior.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">85-98</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nontokozo Mashiya</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AN INVESTIGATION INTO FACTORS LEADING TO THE EXCLUSION OF PART TIME STUDENTS IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">exclusion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">experiences</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">foundation phase students</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">full time students</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">higher education institution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">part time students</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">services</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391958708.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This article reports on Post Graduate Certificate in Education (PGCE) students’ experiences of learning as part time students in one South African Higher Education Institution. The aim of the study was to find out if part time students are fully included in the life of the university. This has been necessitated by the countries call for full inclusion of learners in teaching and learning. This study reveals the experiences and the feelings of students regarding the way they perceive teaching and learning as part time students. This is a qualitative study located within an interpretive paradigm. Two focus group interviews were conducted with PGCE students. These students were randomly selected from a pool of part time students. Each focus group consisted of six students. Data were transcribed and later were analyzed using phenomenological steps.  The results suggest that in most cases part time students do not get the attention full time students get. There are some activities full time students are exposed to which cannot be done with full time students. This includes inadequate teaching and learning contact sessions and communication breakdown. Lecturers offered by guest lecturers who are experts in different fields are also one of the ways in which part time students are excluded. This study highlights the importance of equating services given to these students as stakeholders in higher education institutions (HEI). Without consideration of full inclusion of students into the full life of the entire institution, the aim of producing more and better teachers is unlikely to materialize. The study concludes by making necessary recommendations to remedy the situation.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">29-38</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genevieve Marie Johnson</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LEARNING, DEVELOPMENT, AND HOME DIGITAL MEDIA USE AMONG 6 TO 8 YEAR OLD CHILDREN</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">child development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">children</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">digital media</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">internet</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">internet co-use</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391942755.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Young school children commonly use a range of digital media technologies including television, video games, and the Internet. Parents of 40 children in first and second grade completed a questionnaire that queried: 1) demographics, 2) number of home digital media devices, and 3) extent and nature of child use of those devices. Teachers who taught these first and second grade students completed a rating scale on the school achievement and developmental ability of participating children. The pattern of correlations among measures of child achievement/ability and measures of teacher-reported internet literacy and parent-reported home digital media use suggests that internet use has many positive associations and that playing video games and watching television have some negative associations. For example, children’s mathematics skills were postively correlated with use of the Internet but negatively correlated with televsion viewing. In some cases, children who used the Interent alone appeared more competent than children who used the Internet with an adult. Digital media use during childhood is a complex phenonema with a range of potential outcomes.Simplistc approaches are counterproductive.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6-16</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beata Grabovac</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LOVE STYLES FROM A BILINGUAL (HUNGARIAN-SERBIAN) AND A MONOLINGUAL (SERBIAN)  PERSPECTIVE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">bilingualism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hungarian</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">love</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Love Attitude Scale</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">monolingualism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Serbian</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391958614.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Recently there has been a growing body of research interested in the concept of love and in the  emotional life of bilinguals. The aim of this research was twofold. One aim was to explore the love styles of young people in Vojvodina, Serbia in the context of Hungarian and Serbian language. On the other hand, a monolingual Serbian group and a bilingual group of Hungarian-Serbian young people were studied to see if there were significant differences in their intimate relationships in Serbian, as the dominant language and in Hungarian, as a minority language. The goal was to explore if there were different love styles connected to each language in a majority and a minority group. Additionally, we wanted to see if there were detectable language dominance effects in bilinguals, whether bilinguals had different romantic relationship constructs in their two languages.
In this research, Susan and Clyde Hendrick's Love Attitude Scale-Short form was applied. The scale was translated into Hungarian and Serbian. The equality of the meaning of the two scale versions was carefully matched.
The results showed that comparing the monolingual group and the bilingual group in the first language there were group differences in Eros and Agape.   In the monolingual Hungarian and bilingual Serbian  answers we can find the same differences: Eros and Agape were found to be more powerfully expressed in the bilingual group in both of their languages compared to the monolingual group. Considering bilinguals' first and second language results, two styles have been found to differ. These were Mania and Storge, which were present in different amounts in the first and the second language. 
The relevance of this study lies in the fact that there is a rising number of multiethnic and multicultural intimate relationships. Many of the partners have to use a second language to express love and affection. Expression and understanding of emotions may depend on the language which is used in communication and on cultural variation in values and norms. This research has important implications for the study of ethnocultural differences and first- and second language modulated affective functioning. 
</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6-15</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Graciela Polanco-Hernandez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antonio Tena-Suck</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MINNESOTA MULTIPHASIC PERSONALITY INVENTORY-2 AS A DETECTOR OF EMOTIONAL RISK FACTORS FOR THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF NEWLY-ADMITTED UNDERGRADUATE PSYCHOLOGY STUDENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">academic risk</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">low school performance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MMPI-2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychological profile</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">university students</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391945137.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Currently, many universities are demonstrating interest in identifying the factors that may place their students’ psychological well-being at risk.  It is considered important to identify the personality traits that may endanger students’ university education and professional activities.  The sample consisted of 324 students recently entering an undergraduate program in psychology. The Spanish-language version of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) with standards for Mexican university students was used.
Female students report feelings of sadness, depression and anxiety, as well as behaviors that are demanding, histrionic, persuasive and impulsive, and they indicate a desire that situations be adapted to them. Male participants report immature and rebellious behavior toward authority figures and tend to blame others for their problems. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for internal consistency of the instrument was calculated for the Validity, Basic, Supplementary and Content scales, yielding a total score of 0.824.
These results indicate that the MMPI-2 version for Mexico is a reliable measure for the university students tested.
</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">76-81</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mario Ulises Martínez-Quintana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Julio C. Penagos-Corzo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OPEN ACCESS IN THE DISSEMINATION OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE IN PSYCHOLOGY</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">copyright</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">intellectual property</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">open access</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">open source</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">scientific publishing</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391942945.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The purpose of this study is to compare the features of Open Source and Open Access movements against those of the classic publishing model. It is argued that scientific dissemination is hindered by the continuous rise of academic journals prices, while the quality of research may be impaired by conflicts of interest arising from the commercialization of scientific knowledge. This study also shows some dissemination tendencies in English and Spanish Psychology journals. It is hinted that standard publication and editorial dissemination processes do not appear to be adjusting quick enough, to follow the technological and social changes required by the current scientific production. The authors of the present study conclude that Open Access scientific publishing could ensure a higher efficiency in the distribution of scientific knowledge in comparison to the standard publishing model. In addition it is conjectured that Open Access publishing might also reduce the incidence of conflicts of interests.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">36-46</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sergiy Boltivets</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PSYCHO-HYGIENIC СOMPETENCE OF SPECIALISTS IN INTERNET- ENVIRONMENT USE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mental health quality</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psycho-hygienic competences</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychological researches</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391958566.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The awareness by the &quot;man-man&quot; professions specialists of their own psycho-hygienic skills and competence content, which are formed in the process of professionalization, is determined by conceptual ideas. They are developed within a certain people-study profession and cover use, interaction and reflection of a personality in the Internet environment. 
We have introduced into scientific use the category of mental health quality which represents the individual property of personality to ensure his/her own procedural integrity, that is adequate to internal nature, in cooperation with own selfness and environment. This category certainly includes the continuingly improving means of both learning the world and self-implementation in it including the Internet-environment.
 Thus, the development of psycho-hygienic competences of the &quot;man-man&quot; type occupations specialists creates the conditions for realization of the important principles of balance and coordination of the environmental impacts, ideal-realistic unity, and esteem approach in determination of the Internet-influences on personality.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4-5</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anna V. Litvinova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Konstantin Tarasov</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE PSYCHOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS CAUSING TENDENCY TO XENOPHOBIA AT STUDENTS OF HUMANITARIAN COLLEGES</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychological determinants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychological safety of the educational environment xenophobia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">xenophobia mechanisms</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391945010.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research analysis features of the educational environment of higher education institution and personal characteristics of students depending on the tendency to xenophobia. 50 students of humanitarian higher school settlements took part in the research. According to the criterion of «proximity - remoteness» in relation to the category «us - them» two groups of students were singled out - with more and with less expressed tendency to xenophobia’s manifestation. As a result it was established that the tendency for xenophobia depended on some external determinants like culture levels of fellow students, personal and psychological characteristics of teachers, and on such internal determinant as traditional cultural values (interesting work, sense of duty, irreconcilability) and application of socially approved ways of a goal-setting. </style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">60-66</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Аlla G. Portnova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alexander M. Bogomolov</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF DEVELOPMENT: PERSONAL AND ADAPTIVE MATURITY</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">adaptation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">adaptation maturity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">effects of development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">personal maturity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychological development</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391943169.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This paper presents a theoretical analysis of the problem of determining the integral parameters of the psychological development. The publication touches the main factors, mechanisms and natural laws of mental development, presented in the works of foreign and Soviet / Russian researchers. The effects of psychological development are considered as qualitatively unique functions and properties of varying degrees of complexity, the acquired person in life and manifest themselves at different levels of personality organization. The authors make an attempt to systematize the classification of the products of psychological evolution of the individual in the ontogenesis and individual way of life. This paper outlines approaches to systems analysis of the phenomenon of maturity of personality, understood as an integral characteristic of the level and quality of psychological development. The authors differentiate between the concept of personal and adaptive maturity , based on major regulatory units, goals, strategic factors and structural properties.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">81-89</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yulia F. Lakhvich</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PSYCHOLOGY FOR THE XXI CENTURY</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">positive human characteristics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">scientific knowledge</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391943539.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">These words were written by George Bernard Show in the first half of the twentieth century. Now in the twenty first century they still have not lost their relevance. When reading this quote, a whole range of ambiguous emotions evokes. On the one hand, the feelings of embarrassment, shame, rejection, confusion and helplessness emerge. On the other hand, there is a desire to change, transform or develop something, a sense of responsibility for the quality of your own life and the lives of people around you. People really penetrate into the depths of the Universe and have great success in this sense, and yet they can’t learn the laws of human relations with each other. What does it mean &quot;learn to live on the earth as human beings?&quot; This is a difficult question and everyone can give a different reply. In my opinion, &quot;to live on the earth as human beings&quot; means, above all, recognizing the interdependence of people, limited and temporary nature of individual life, but at the same time freedom and responsibility of each person. This awareness enables us to empathize with others, to show compassion, trust and generosity, respect and loyalty, tolerance and appreciation. </style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4-5</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oksana Jenenkova</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RATES OF INFORMATION AWARENESS ON AGGRESSIVE DRIVING AS THE INDICATORS OF THE EXISTING PROBLEMS IN THE SECTOR OF SPECIAL EDUCATION</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">aggressive driving</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dangerous driving</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">drivers and inspectors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">information awareness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">problems in terminology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">road traffic</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391958662.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In the road traffic field the biggest danger is caused by a phenomenon of „aggressive driving”. The topicality of the problematic issue is noted by such organizations like the WHO and the UNO; as a result of this the term “aggressive driving” was introduced in Latvia on the legislative level. In the territory of Latvia a multi-stage study was performed; its aim was to study ideas of drivers on aggressive driving. During the study the following methods were used: method of associations, method of unfinished sentence, structured, partially structured and non-structured interview, personal differential method, socially demographic questionnaire and Aggressive Driving Questionnaire (Jenenkova, 2009). In all, 2160 drivers representing all regions of Latvia were questioned.
As a result of the study one of the components of ideas on aggressive driving was found out – information awareness, which is considered in this article. Information awareness is represented by the following component parts: self- evaluation of terminology knowledge (expected level), level of term understanding (expected level), term knowledge (real level), level of term understanding (real level), level of agreement with the formulation, information sources. During the comparative analysis of drivers’ group and inspectors’ group of the road traffic not only their differences by these components were discovered, but also the current problems in relation to the terminology knowledge and understanding were found out. 
</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16-28</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agata Maltese</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annamaria Pepi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lidia Scifo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INFERENTIAL PROCESSING AND TEXT PROCESSING: A DEVELOPMENTAL STUDY</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391943737.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The research reported here was designed to investigate the critical role played by certain factors implicated in the mental representation of text, and to establish whether their role varies significantly as a function of developmental age. Specifically, it was decided to analyse, in a sample of 180 subjects was selected from three different age groups (7, 10 and 18 years of age respectively), the role of such factors in mediating and influencing the generation of the inferences needed to understand a piece of text characterised by a sequence of information which flows in a logical order, but leads to a conclusion which is contrary to the expectations evoked by the text. In line with this objective, it was decided to take into account factors related to encoding (added information about the key object – a title), those involved in recall (inferential tests regarding the object and action of change), as well as purely metacognitive factors, such as evaluation of one’s own comprehension and awareness of textual incongruence, whose presence, according to our assumptions, should facilitate the formulation of inferential hypotheses. It would thus seem that inferential processing is powerfully influenced both by cognitive and structural factors, factors which can play a role during both encoding and recall. The results reported here tend to confirm the hypothesis that there is indeed a significant developmental trend in the role played by those factors involved in the coherent representation of text and in the formulation of inferences. The data suggest that children in the youngest age group obtain the greatest advantage from clues in reaching a more correct representation of the text concerned. It is concluded that inferential processes do not serve only to make connections between propositions, but to construct a coherent mental representation of text (Kintsh, 1994; Zwaan, 1994, 1996).</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21-29</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Francisco Manuel Morales Rodríguez</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SCHOOL MOTIVATION AND ACHIEVEMENT OF STUDENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">academic achievement</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">academic goals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">academic motivation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English as a foreign language</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391958755.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This paper aims to analyse the importance of intrinsic motivation factors as determinants of academic achievement in English as a Foreign Language (EFL). The general aim of the present study has been to analyse the existing relationship between students’ academic motivation and performance. This paper explores the importance of motivational variables for school achievement. In particular, the present study suggests that students with a higher intrinsic motivation to learn English will achieve better grades in this subject. Participants were 542 students (male and female) of Secondary Education. Results show that there is a correlation between academic goals and academic results; in particular an association exists between learning goals (intrinsic motivation) and a high academic achievement. With regards to the importance of intrinsic motivational factors, this study concludes that these factors are determinants of academic achievement in English as a Foreign Language (EFL). Therefore, results are useful in view of improving the process of teaching/learning EFL. The relevant conclusion reached here point to the academic goals as being indicator of and decisive factor for academic achievement.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">39-49</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Irena Gailienė</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SELF-MONITORING CONTROVERSIES</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">behavioural strategies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">self-monitoring</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social situations</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391944564.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nobody will out-argue the fact, that all of us are in social situations each day. Even being alone, we think over what impression we made on others, what we should do that the others valued us more favourably, that we were more attractive. Creation of good image and its preservation is very urgent in recent time period, when supply considerably exceeds demand in labour market, and a good impression directly affects job search, career success; when short-term interpersonal relations dominate, and communication, affiliation needs haven’t died out yet, and, searching for new contacts, we want to be attractive, emotionally accepted, loveable. Much information, various instructions can be found, on how to create a good impression, how to present yourself to the employers, how to expose the best qualities of your personality in the presence of the surrounding people. However, still too little is written and spoken about one of the essential factors of personality attractiveness – self-monitoring, i.e., analysis, checking and correction of verbal and non-verbal information sent about you, about your behaviour, comparing it with social norms, behavioural standards, other people’s reactions and expectations.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Editorial</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4-5</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emanuela Rabaglietti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Fernanda Vacirca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giulia Zucchetti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carmen Camacho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silvia Ciairano</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SIMILARITY, COHESION, DISTANCING AND FRIENDSHIP QUALITY AMONG ITALIAN AND BOLIVIAN BOYS AND GIRLS: A CROSS NATIONAL COMPARISON</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cohesion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cross-national differences</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">distancing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">friendship quality</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">similarity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391945217.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This study aimed to contribute at exploring friendship in children from two different countries, Italy and Bolivia, focusing on the association between specific characteristics of children’s friendships, such as similarity, cohesion and distance with friends as represented by the children through drawing, and the perception of their friendship quality. Participants were 100 children (55 Italians and 45 Bolivians) attending primary schools. The two subgroups are balanced for gender and age [Italian girls: 56%, N=31, Bolivian girls 51%, N=23; M age Italian children=8.09 (SD = .74) and Bolivian children M age=7.91 (SD = .90)]. We used children’s drawings and self-reported measures to investigate the dyadic characteristics and the quality of their friendship. Results showed that Italian children drawn themselves and their best friend more similar than Bolivian children [F (1, 94) = 6.65; p&lt;.002]. There are more conflicts in the friendships of Bolivian children than in the Italian ones [F (1, 98) = 7.87; p&lt;. 006]. There is a moderation effect of children's nationality on the association between the pictorial friendship features and friendship quality. These preliminary findings highlighted the importance of investigating children's perceptions of friendship, which is a complex and multidimensional phenomenon, taking into account the social and cultural differences.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">82-96</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marina Safonova</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SOCIAL REPRESENTATIONS OF MODERN RUSSIANS ABOUT THE LONELY PERSON</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">a method of the projective composition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">a prototype of the lonely person</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">loneliness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social representations about loneliness</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391958909.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In the article results of studying of social representations of Russians about the lonely person are considered. The loneliness in the modern world has ceased to be for a long time a problem of the separate person, for the specific reasons not managed to adapt for a society, to build emotional mutual relations satisfying it with associates. It has turned to a serious social problem. Efficiency of the psychological help to lonely people, constructions and realizations of programs on preventive maintenance of chronic loneliness is in many respects connected with the account of the developed social representations about loneliness and the lonely person. Difficulties in studying of a phenomenon of loneliness are somewhat connected with necessity to receive the information which mentions deep intimate layers of the person. On the one hand, work mechanisms of psychological protection. The respondent starts to have a feeling of alarm because of necessity to give answers about itself, with another – the tendency to social desirability is shown. For minimization of these displays in research the method of the projective composition was used. During the content-analysis of the text information received by a method of projective compositions, 13 semantic components have been allocated, each of which opens certain lines of an image of the lonely person. Psychological interpretation of the received data has allowed to describe some prototypes of the lonely person developing in representations of contemporaries. The urgency of the use of a category &quot;prototype&quot; is connected with specific features of a social reality: complexity, dynamism, variability, a polysemy of the signs used for a categorization. According to model of frequency of signs, the prototype reflects most often meeting signs, accordingly, the prototype is acquired through fixing of the repeating elements inherent in an object, or a situation. The analysis of representations of respondents about the lonely person allows to allocate some developing prototypes: &quot;careerist&quot;, «a lonely wolf», &quot;homebody&quot;, &quot; the unsocial  person&quot;.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">71-84</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anna Litvinova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sergey Chursin</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SPECIFICITY OF EMPLOYEES’ CAREER ORIENTATIONS AND CREATIVITY IN A MODERN COMPANY</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">avoid failure</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">career orientations</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">creative activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">creative personality</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">creativity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">verbal and non-verbal creativity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391944926.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The study examines a career notion from the point of view of a personality development in professional activity. Particular attention is paid to career orientations as stable personality formations defining  on one hand methods of control, stabilization and integration of an individual's career, and on the other hand, the way to professional self-development and personal growth. Correlations are analyzed between career orientations and motivation, and creativity of employees of an architectural design company (N = 21), realizing creative and regulated activity. Necessity to apply tests in order to identify career orientations, a person’s motivation to achieve success, avoid failure, the personal, verbal and non-verbal creativity of the personality is reasoned in the empirical study. Obtained data state importance of creativity for the realization of a personal career depending on a type of professional activity. The results obtained during the research became a basis for the elaboration and implementation of programs for the development of a career and creative potential of the employees.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">53-59</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolfas Juodraitis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liuda Radzevičienė</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">STRIVING FOR ADVANTAGE AS A DETERMINANT OF SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">behavioural norm</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">concurrent aggression</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">institutional care</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391942846.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">After the experience of alienation, insecurity, distrust and dismay in the family, getting into institutional care teenager is forced to feel it once more, on the other hand, new environment and intermittent situation in the care institution leads teenager to look for new ways for social interaction and often these ways are limited due to the peculiarities of teenager’s psychosocial development. It is complicated for youngster to master new and unusual forms of social interactions that are based on common activities and result planning, social activity and responsibility, because stereotypes of teenagers’ behaviour and reactions in the different situations cannot change so fast.  The lack of social skills disturbs optimal development of social networks, determines low level of self control, decreases ability to solve conflict situations constructively, so usually they are forced to use known behavioural strategies (to behave aggressively and provocative in order to get advantage).  In such situation the demonstration of advantage gets a specific attribution and transforms to the manifestations of concurrent aggression that are evident more and more often. Concurrent aggression determines complicated and difficult relationships between teenagers, institutional staff as well and with environment in general. The paper presents research which aim is to define concurrent behaviour among teenagers who are placed in the institutional care. With the authors’ permission approbated check list of self evaluation YSR 11/18 (Youth self report, Achenbach, Rescoria, 2001) was used and 14 – 17 years old 126 teenagers from different care institutions of Lithuania took place in the research. Approbated check list YSR 11/18 (Žukauskienė, Malinauskienė, 2008) consists of 20 statements that reveal social and behaviour (activeness) competences and 122 statements that let for the researcher to assess problems in behavioural and emotional performance. Six scales were used: anxiety/depression, withdrawal/depression, rules breaking, aggressive behaviour and scale of attention and social problems. The data of quantitative research point out those statistically significant correlate results of behaviour and emotional problems; the strongest ties among the teenagers group were set up between aggressive behaviour and breaking of the rules. The results of correlation analysis proved that anxiety/depression scale of teenagers placed into the institutional care closely correlates with social problems, and social problems are in tight relations with aggressive behaviour and lack of attention and lack of attention correlates with aggressive behaviour, as well. In qualitative research 6 interviewers were involved. Applying method of narrative research the subjective point of view of teenagers on striving for domination, manifestations of aggression signs and factors that determine such their behaviour was done.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17-25</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marta Reis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Margarida Gaspar de Matos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lúcia Ramiro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isa Figueira</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UNDERSTANDING SELF-HARM IN YOUNG PEOPLE: AN EMOTIONAL UNBALANCE IN NEED FOR INTERVENTION</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">protective factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">risk factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">self-harm</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">students</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391958803.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Self-harm behavior refers to the intentional self-destruction or alteration of body tissue without deliberate suicidal intent. Studies claimed self-harm as being associated to obsessive-compulsive characteristics and eating disorders, emotion-regulation functions when interpersonal distress occurs and physiological reactivity during a distressing task in association to social problem-solving deficits. Three national studies referring to young people will be presented. The main study’s aim was to understand frequency of self-harm in Portuguese students and understanding the associations between self-harm and risk behaviors. A convenience sample of 206 was collected among high school and university students. The instrument used was a self-completed questionnaire: “Teens Self-Destructive Scale”. A minority of self-harmers was found. Results suggested associations between self-harm, eating disorders and difficulties regarding self-regulation of emotions and that self-harm can be considered a non-adaptive and not successful personal strategy to manage emotions. Findings from the other two national studies will be referred. All together, these findings demonstrate the relevance of studies in this domain and helped producing guidelines in terms of therapeutic interventions. During the last decades, young people became more literate regarding health information and more aware of risk behaviors, but did not improve their literacy about emotions and how to deal with them. Are we in need for a &quot;positive&quot; approach to mental health promotion in young people?</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">50-61</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simona Maria Glăveanu</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VALIDATING A TRAINING PROGRAM FOR PARENTAL COMPETENCE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">adult education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">child development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">parental competence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">parental training</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">training validation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391943645.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In Romania there are only a few parental education programs being carried out, but most of them are not properly/scientifically measured in terms of efficiency. For this reason, the purpose of the research was the implementation and scientific validation of a training program for developing the parental competence. The parental competence was defined as a system of knowledge, skills, capabilities, abilities and habits that would allow the parent to successfully fulfill the parental responsibilities and also prevent/deal with crisis situations in a manner that would contribute to the child’s development (Glăveanu, 2009). The above-mentioned term became widely spread in Romania after 2010, when the Integrated National Strategy for Creating and Developing Parental Competence was published. The Strategy is supported by the Ministry of Education, Research, Youth and Sports and its deadline is in the summer of 2012.
The 298 parents who participated in the research were selected based on the criteria of average and low parental competence and their children had educational and social adaptation difficulties. The methods used during the research were the formative experiment and the questionnaire-based investigation. The participants were evaluated before and after the training with the Parental Competence Questionnaire (PCQ, developed by the author of the study). The PCQ had five dimensions comprised of a total of 81 items: knowing the specificities of the child between 6 and 11 years of age (alpha=0.69), affective support and stress management (alpha=0.74), disciplining (alpha=0.82), time management (alpha=0.77) and crisis management (alpha=0.77). Each of the PCQ dimensions (which were built in accordance to the conceptualized structure of the parental competence) had a training module dedicated to it.
PCQ was validated with the Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ, built by Buri in 1991); significant correlations for the two questionnaires occurred (between 0.5 and 0.9). 
The statistical results obtained by using PCQ six months after the training (Independent-Samples T Test=61.43; df=298; p&lt;0.001) showed significant differences between the experimental group (M=315.81) and the control group (M=243.22); the PCQ results of the experimental group were also compared (Paired-Samples T Test=58.39; df=141; p&lt;0.001)  and showed statistically significant differences between the pre-training results (time 1=just before training, M=221.31) and the post-training ones (time 2=graduating training+6 months, M=315.81). Similarly, the scores of the control group at the two chosen moments (time 1: M=221.57 and time 2: M=243.22) indicated a timed evolution, but statistically insignificant of the parental competence (Paired-Samples T Test=34.19; df=155, p=0.07). These results proved the certain and significant influence that the training had over the development of the parental competence, in comparison to the case of the spontaneous growth – thus being confirmed the hypothesis of the study.
As a conclusion, the results proved the internal validation of the training program (according to Vaughn’s criteria, 2005). It is yet to be proven the external validation regarding the impact of the training program on the child’s overall development (Kirkpatrick, 2006; Vaughn, 2005) and this will be done by applying the training program on an expanded/national level.
</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14-20</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guna Svence</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WELL-BEING AS CONCEPT IN PSYCHOLOGY OF LATVIA</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Latvian psychology history</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">optimism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">resilience</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">well-being</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391943956.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The aim of the research is to analyze the psychological problems of the new generation in Latvia at the present moment. The currently existing psychological issues are inherited from the 20s and 30s of the previous century. In Latvia the topicality in the field of psychology has always been associated with a sound development of a physically-fitted, mentally-balanced as well as meaningful personality that might   benefit society. Latvian psychological theories are based on the humanistic and philosophical approach that is based on the human ideas from the 90ies of 20th century. Such Latvian psychologists as Imants Plotnieks, Arija Karpova, Dzidra Meikšane and others researched the following topics: ’self-esteem’ ‚‘self-regulation“, ‘self-actualization“, ‘identity“ as well as “positive self-concept“.
The scientific issue of this article is to compare and to analyze the two dimensions of the Latvian psychology history, i.e., firstly, what it is based on and, secondly, why the reason of a positive psychology concept is rooted in Latvian traditions. 
The methodology of the research is meta-analysis, qualitative-quantitative approach, and experimental design from three cases analyse.
There are three cases analysed in this article- author of this article and students from Riga Teacher Training and Education management academy, all cases analysed well-being aspect resilience and positive intervention, but there is different aspect of resilience has been  analysed in each example.
There are some similar ideas from Latvian psychology history are comparing with temporary psychology of Latvia in this article, ideas – close and different with positive psychology as methodological branch of psychology.
</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">54-65</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Darja Maslić Seršić</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Majda Šavor</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WHO WILL BEAT THE CRISIS? SEARCHING FOR FACTORS THAT DEFINE SUCCESSFUL COPING WITH JOB LOSS AMONG WORKING PEOPLE IN CROATIA</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">coping resources</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">coping strategies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">job loss</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">unemployment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">work uncertainty</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://oaji.net/articles/2014/444-1391943895.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The study deals with individual factors that are related to more or less adaptive behavior in the situation of job loss. Problem- and emotion-oriented coping strategies, their antecedents and consequences were in the focus. The data were obtained through a two-wave longitudinal study on a sample of 462 persons of various demographic and work characteristics who had recently lost their jobs. In the first wave, data on their demographic and work characteristics, experienced resources (financial situation, core self-evaluation, social support, job involvement and job-search self-efficacy) and strategies of proactive job search, occasional work, job-loss distancing and job devaluation were collected. In a follow-up study, conducted after six months, employment status and perceived work uncertainty were in the focus. The results can be summarized in several general findings: (1) Different patterns of individual characteristics were related to the tendency to use the individual strategy more or less intensively, and the strategies showed different adaptive roles in terms of their relations to measured outcomes; (2) The availability of coping resources is a significant predictor of the most adaptive, problem-oriented, strategy of proactive job search; (3) Some measured resources were not related to emotion-oriented strategies, and some of them stood in negative relations; (4) Proactive job search, but not the measured resources, was a significant independent predictor of reemployment six months later, in addition to age and education level;  (5) Employment status, measured after six months, was a significant independent predictor of the concurrent experience of work uncertainty – reemployed individuals experienced less anxiety regarding their future work; (6) Demographic variables and measured resources served alongside current employment status as significant predictors of work uncertainty, but strategies did not. </style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">39-53</style></section></record></records></xml>